US1944391A

US1944391A - Centrifugal

Info

Publication number: US1944391A
Application number: US541419A
Authority: US
Inventors: Altpeter Ludwig
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1930-06-05
Filing date: 1931-06-01
Publication date: 1934-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 1951-01-23

Description

Jan. 23, 1934.

L. ALTPETER 1,944,391

CENTRIFUGAL Filed June 1, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 If v L. ALTPETER CENTRIFUGAL Filed June 1, 19,31 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ll I Patented Jan. 23, 1934 CENTRIFUGAL' Ludwig Altpeter, Essen, Germany Application June I 1931, Serial No.

541,419, and

in Czechoslovakia and Poland June 5, 1930 4 Claims.

My invention relates to centrifugals and more particularly to continuously rotating centrifugals for dehydrating sludge or granular material.

It is an object of my invention to provide a 6 centrifugal in which the dried material can be withdrawn without interrupting the fresh supply of material.

Centrifugals are known consisting of two or more cups in which the centrifuged liquid is withdrawn through nozzles and the centrifugal is periodically opened in order to withdraw the dried material. This involves the drawback that after some material has been deposited in the centrifugal the fluid components of the ma- 16 terial subsequently fed into the centrifugal must pass through the dried material deposited onv the walls of the centrifugal, so that the time required for separating the components is increased. It is further very difilcult to seal the cups in a satisfactory manner.

It is an object of my invention to avoid these drawbacks. This is accomplished by providing within a cylindrical shell an axially movable disc rotating along with the shell and feeding the material to be treated to one or the other or alternately to both sides of the disc. By moving the disc in axial direction the material to be centrifuged is uniformly distributed on the walls of the shell. W In the preferred embodiment of my invention the ends of the shell are formedwith thickened portions on which the material, having been predehydrated in the middle zone, is de posited and fully dehydrated to be thereafter I removed by fresh material propelled by thedisc in the further operation of the device. The,

fluid components are withdrawn by means of hollow members or nozzles arranged on the in nor surface of the shell. I prefer arranging nozzles if the material to be centrifuged can be readily dehydrated, but if the material has the form of a sludge which can be dehydrated only with difiiculty, I provide longitudinal dehydrating members extending over the entire lengthof the shell, said members forming guides for the disc when it is moved in axial direction.

The disc according to this invention can be used in connection with screen shells also. The closed shells are adapted particularly for dehydrating fine coal sludges and sludge-like or granular material containing acid, basic or other fluid components' In the drawings aflixed to this specification and forming part thereof some embodiments of my invention are illustrated diagrammatically by way of' example. I

In the drawings,

Figs. 1 and 2 are sectional elevations of a centrifugal from which dried matter is withdrawn at both ends. showing the disc in its uppermost and lowermost position, respectively,

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section along line 3-3 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a section of the drum shell drawn to a larger scale,

Fig. 5 is a section of a modified form of the shell drawn to a larger scale.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the shell of the centrifugal, 2 is a disc axially displaceablealong the shaft 3 of the centrifugal and 4 is a pulley arranged on the upper end of the shaft 3. The

disc 2 is rotated along with the centrifugal and can be displaced by any suitable hand-operated or automatically operated means, for instance mechanicalor electrical devices. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the disc is displaced by hydraulic or pneumatic pressure means comprising a piston 5 movable in a cylinder 6. The piston 5 is connected to the body of the disc 2 by means of rods 7 or the like.

30 is a feed pipe, 31 is a waste pipe, 32 and 33 are connecting pipes which can be connected alternately with the feed pipe 30 and the waste pipe 31, respectively, by means of a control device 34 well known in the art, operable by means of a hand lever 35. 36 is a fixed socket into which the lower end of the shaft 3 projects. The inner wall of the socket 36 is provided with two annular' grooves '37 and 38 to which the connecting

pipes

32 and 33 are connected by means of radial channels 37a. 38a in the body of the socket, respectively. 39 and 40 are channels in the body of the shaft 3 connecting the

grooves

37 and 38 with radial channels '41 and 42 in the wall of the cylinder 6, respectively. The lever 35 can be actuated automatically in dependency upon the quantity of material to be centrifugated, by means of a suitable device (not shown), but may also be manually operated.

The disc 2 comprises a top part 11 connected to the bottom part by means of curved ridges 43 defining between them sector-shaped slots 10. The top part of the disc 2 has a portion 44 extending upwardly in inclined direction, so that 103 an annular space 12 is formed between the inclined portion 44 and the hub 45 of the disc 2. His a casing enclosing the centrifugal. 14 is a feed pipe, 15 and 16 are branch pipes projecting into the casing and connected with pipe 14 of the curved ridges posited on the into the space directly through by means of an adjustable valve 1'7. In the position of the valve shown in Fig. 1 the pipe 14 is connected to the branch pipe 15. The

branch pipes

15 and 16 differ in length and it can be seen from the drawings that in the uppermost position of the disc 2 the material is fed to the annular space 12 and through the slots 10 to the space below the disc 2. When the disc is in its lowermost position (Fig. 2) the valve 1'? is adjusted in such manner that it connects the pipe 1% with the branch pipe 16 so that the material is fedto the space above the disc 2. 18 is another feed pipe comprising a valve 19 and'branch

pipes

20, 21 and designed for feeding a cleaning liquid into the centrifugal in order to free the material from soluble material, for instance salts, grease or the like. In Figs. 1 and 2 the valve 19 is shown in its neutral position, the connection of the pipe 18 and the

branch pipes

20 and 21 being interrupted. In order to withdraw the liquid irom the centriiugal longitudinal nozzle members 22 are provided on the mid portion is of the shell 1 (Fig. 4-.) The nozzle members 22 are hollow pieces of rectangular cross section (Fig. 3) provided with longitudinal slots at in order to withdraw the liquid. The top portion ll of the disc 2 is provided with circumferential recesses 48 engaging the nozzle members 22, so that the latter form guides for the disc 2. According to Fig. 3 eight nozzle members 22 are provided, but if desired, more or less members could be provided. Preferably the members are arranged at equal distances along the circumference of the shell 1.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 the longitudinal nozzle members 22 are replaced by a pair of circular nozzles 23 arranged adjacent to the thickened end portions 2"! of the shell described hereinafter. In this embodiment no recesses need be provided in the upper part 1101! the disc 2.

The liquid is delivered from the longitudinal nozzle members 22 through openings 24 of the shell 1 into an annular chamber 25 from which it is withdrawn by means of a pipe 26. When circular nozzles 23 are provided, they project the openings 2-1 into the chamber 25.

The operation of the device is as follows:

The shell 1 is rotated by means of abelt (not shown) engaging the pulley 4. By the rotation of the shell the disc 2 is rotated also and in view 43 and the slots 10 acts as a centrifugal pump. During the operation of the device the disc 2 is axially displaced to and fro by means of the

pressure device

5, 6. By this movement of the disc the solid components demid portion 46 of the shell 1 are shifted upwardly or downwardly in-the direction towards the thickened end portions 2'7. The thickened portions retain the solid materials until the disc 2 has accomplished the next to and fro motion after which the material is expelled betwen the shell 1 and the casing 13. The material is then delivered to the hopper 28 forming the lower part of the casing 13.

It is seen from the foregoing that the feeding of the sludge and the withdrawal of the solid material can be accomplished continuously without interruption and that the fed materials do not get into touch with the materials already dried and deposited, so'that a considerable increase of eniciency is obtained.

My invention can be modified so that solid materials are withdrawn merely at one end of the shell insteadof at both ends. In this modification, however, the feeding of the sludge must be ma am interrupted periodically, but the disc 2 can be formed as a solid fiat disc. Further the valve 1'7 can be omitted and instead. of the branch pipes 15 and 16 a single pipe is sufiicient, so that the device is considerably simplified.

Preferably the height of the cylindrical portion 46 of the shell 1 is chosen in such manner that the solid material deposited in the cylindrical portion corresponds to the space available in the zone adjacent to the thickened portions 2'7. The thickened portions prevent the withdrawal of the deposited solid materials during the first to and fro movement of the disc 2. Near the thickened portions 2'] the solid materials form a 'conus, as indicated at 50 in Fig. 5. This material is removed by the material propelled by the disc 2 during the next to and fro movement. Thereiore in the zone adjacent to the thickened portions 2'? the material is fully dehydrated before it is delivered into the space between the centrifugal and the casing 13.

In order to intensify this effect the inner wall of the shell 1 can be inclined as shown in Fig. 5, where inclined surfaces 29 extending from the mid portion of the shell to the thickened portions 2'1 are provided.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

In the claims afflxed to this specification no selection of any particular modification of the invention is intended to the exclusion of other modifications thereof and the right to subsequently make claim to any modification not covered by these claims is expressly reserved.

I claim:.-

1. A centrifugal comprising a shell,- means for rotating said shell, a disc rotatable with and axially displaceable along the mid portion of said shell and having recesses in its perimeter, thickened portions at the ends of said shell, draining members extending along the mid portion of said shell so as to enter said recesses, and means for feeding material into said shell at one side of said disc.

2. A centrifugal comprising a shell having a restricted central portion, means for rotating said shell, an end portion of reduced inside diameter on said shell, a disc rotatable with said shell,-

means for reciprocating said disc along the mid portion of said shell as far as the inner end of said end portion, said disc having a passage adapted to connect the opposite sides of said disc. the diameter of said disc being substantially equal to the inside diameter of said shell at its restricted central portion, means for feeding material into said shell at one side of said disc, and draining members connected to said mid portion at opposite sides of said restricted central portion.

3. A centrifugal comprising a shell having a restricted central portion, means for rotating said shell, an end portion of reduced -inside diameter on said shell, adisc rotatable with said shell means for reciprocating said disc along the mic portion of said shell as far as the inner end 0: said end portion, said disc having a passagi adapted to connect the opposite sides of saii disc, the diameter 'ofsaid disc being substantiall: equal to the inside diameter of said shell at it restricted central portion, the walls of said she] sloping from said restricted portion toward th ends of said mid portion, means for feeding mate rial into said shell at one side of said disc, an

said shaft, the length of said cylinder being so determined that said disc is moved along said mid portion only as far as the inner end of said end portion, means including passages in said shaft for admitting fluid under pressure to opposite sides of said piston, and means for feeding material into said shell.

LUDWIG ALTPE'I'ER.