US9145999B2 - Shear increasing system - Google Patents

Shear increasing system Download PDF

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Publication number
US9145999B2
US9145999B2 US12/994,932 US99493209A US9145999B2 US 9145999 B2 US9145999 B2 US 9145999B2 US 99493209 A US99493209 A US 99493209A US 9145999 B2 US9145999 B2 US 9145999B2
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Prior art keywords
insulation
layer
protective jacket
jacket
insulation layer
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US20110146830A1 (en
Inventor
John G. Carusiello, JR.
Hank Reuser
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Perma-Pipe Inc
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Perma-Pipe Inc
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Priority to US12/994,932 priority Critical patent/US9145999B2/en
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Assigned to PERMA-PIPE, INC. reassignment PERMA-PIPE, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CARUSIELLO, JOHN G., JR.
Assigned to PERMA-PIPE, INC. reassignment PERMA-PIPE, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: REUSER, HANK
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Assigned to PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION reassignment PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PERMA-PIPE CANADA LTD., PERMA-PIPE CANADA, INC., PERMA-PIPE INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS, INC., PERMA-PIPE, INC.
Assigned to PERMA-PIPE, INC. reassignment PERMA-PIPE, INC. RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BANK OF MONTREAL, AS SUCCESSOR TO BMO HARRIS BANK N.A.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/02—Rigid pipes of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F16L9/123—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement with four layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to insulation of pipes, and in particular, to increasing the friction between insulated pipes and their surrounding environment, such as underground, marine, or subsea pipes, to minimize pipe movement due to thermal expansion and contraction of the pipe caused by the temperature of the contents of the pipe and/or the temperature of the surrounding environment and/or due to loads encountered during handling and installation.
  • Underground, marine, or subsea pipes carry fluids such as hot water, chilled water, cold liquefied gases, hot gas and hot oil.
  • fluids such as hot water, chilled water, cold liquefied gases, hot gas and hot oil.
  • the pipes can naturally expand and contract due to the temperature of the fluids they are carrying. Expansion and contraction can also be caused by environmental (e.g., ground) fluctuations in temperature due to the season and weather conditions.
  • loads encountered during handling and installation can cause movement between the pipe and insulation, jacket and coating layers.
  • the present invention is a system to increase the friction between the insulated pipe and its environment so as to minimize and/or prevent movement of the pipe relative to the surrounding ground or environment.
  • One aspect of the invention is directed to a piping system using a friction layer of windings, pellets, or beads placed on the outermost layer, namely the insulation layer if no jacket is employed or the jacket if it is employed.
  • the windings or beads are wrapped or applied while the outer layer is uncured or warm so as to embed themselves into the outer surface and create an uneven, bumpy, or undulating surface.
  • the resulting product increases friction both internally and externally to better restrain and inhibit pipe movement.
  • Another aspect of the invention is directed to a piping system using a friction layer of windings, beads or pellets placed between insulation layers and/or the outermost layer, namely the outer insulation layer if no jacket is employed or the jacket if it is employed.
  • the windings, beads or pellets are wrapped or applied while the layer is uncured or warm so as to embed themselves into the surface and create an uneven, bumpy or undulating surface.
  • the resulting product increases friction both internally and externally to better restrain and inhibit pipe movement.
  • An aspect of the present invention is directed to a pipe for carrying fluid comprising a first insulation layer having an outer surface and a means for creating a non-smooth outer surface so as to increase the friction between the insulation and its environment.
  • the means for creating a non-smooth surface may be a winding applied to and embedded in the outer surface while the insulation layer is curing or cooling.
  • the means for creating the non-smooth surface may be a plurality of beads or pellets applied to and embedded in the outer surface while the insulation layer is curing.
  • a further aspect of the present invention is directed to a pipe for carrying fluid comprising: a first insulation layer, a jacket over the insulation having an outer surface, and a means for creating a non-smooth outer surface so as to increase the friction between the insulation and its environment.
  • the means for creating the non-smooth surface may be a winding applied to and embedded in the outer surface while the jacket layer is curing or cooling.
  • the means for creating the non-smooth surface may further comprise a plurality of beads applied to and embedded in the outer surface while the jacket layer is curing or cooling.
  • a further aspect of the present invention is directed to a pipe for carrying fluid comprising: a first insulation layer consisting of single or multiple layers each with an outer surface and a means for creating a non-smooth outer surface so as to increase the friction between the insulation and its environment.
  • the means for creating the non-smooth surface may be a winding applied to and embedded in the insulation outer surface(s) while the insulation layer is curing or cooling and/or comprise a plurality of beads or pellets applied to and embedded in the insulation outer surface(s) while the insulation layer is curing or cooling.
  • a further aspect of the present invention is directed to a pipe for carrying fluid comprising: a first insulation layer consisting of single or multiple layers each with an outer surface, a jacket over the insulation having an outer surface, and a means for creating a non-smooth outer surface so as to increase the friction between the insulation and its environment.
  • the means for creating the non-smooth surface may be a winding applied to and embedded in the outer surface(s) while the insulation layer and/or jacket is curing or cooling and/or a plurality of beads or pellets applied to and embedded in the outer surface(s) while the insulation layer or jacket is curing or cooling.
  • a further aspect of the present invention is directed to a pipe for carrying fluid.
  • the pipe comprises a tubular conduit, an environmental coating, a first insulation layer, a protective jacket, and a third layer.
  • the tubular conduit defines a passageway for fluid flow and has an outer sidewall surface.
  • the environmental coating is deposited on the outer sidewall for providing resistance against an environmental factor.
  • the first insulation layer is deposited about the tubular conduit and the environmental coating.
  • the first insulation layer is produced from a material selected from a group consisting of polyurethane foam, glass syntactic polyurethane, glass syntactic polypropylene, solid polyurethane, and solid polypropylene.
  • the protective jacket is extruded or wound about the first insulation layer and is produced from a material selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene and a fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the third layer comprises a means for creating a non-smooth outer surface so as to increase the friction between the insulation and its environment.
  • the means for creating a non-smooth surface is selected from a group consisting of a plastic winding wound about the protective jacket, a plastic winding wound about the protective jacket and recessed therein, a plastic mesh, a metal mesh, polymeric beads, and polymeric pellets.
  • the means for creating a non-smooth outer surface may be a polymeric winding having a nominal winding pitch of about 75 mm.
  • Opposing ends of the tubular conduit may be exposed wherein opposing lengths of the outer surface of the tubular conduit are exposed.
  • Opposing ends of the environmental coating may be exposed wherein opposing lengths of the environmental coating are exposed.
  • Opposing ends of the protective jacket may be exposed wherein opposing lengths of the protective jacket do not have the means for creating a non-smooth surface on surfaces thereof.
  • the opposing ends of the protective jacket may each have a wind down end seal of a hot melt adhesive or adhesive tape.
  • a pipe for carrying fluid comprising a tubular conduit, an environmental coating, a first insulation layer and an outer layer.
  • the tubular conduit defines a passageway for fluid flow and has an outer sidewall surface.
  • the environmental coating is deposited on the outer sidewall for providing resistance against an environmental factor.
  • the first insulation layer is deposited about the tubular conduit and the environmental coating.
  • the protective jacket is extruded or wound about the first insulation layer.
  • the outer layer comprises a means for creating a non-smooth outer surface so as to increase the friction between the insulation and its environment.
  • the tubular conduit has a 508 mm (20 inches) outside diameter, a 15 mm (0.591 inches) wall thickness and 12 m (40 feet) length and a 0.41 mm+0.20 mm/ ⁇ 0.05 mm (16 mils+8 mils/ ⁇ 2 mils).
  • the environmental coating is cut back a length of about 120 mm+25 mm/ ⁇ 0 mm (4.75 inches+1 inch/ ⁇ 0 inches) at both ends of the tubular conduit.
  • the first insulation layer is a polyurethane insulation having a thickness of about 22 mm+6 mm/ ⁇ 3 mm (0.87 inches+1 ⁇ 4 inches/ ⁇ 1 ⁇ 8 inches) at 240 kg/m 3 (15.0 lb/ft 3 ) nominal density.
  • the protective jacket has a thickness of at least about 5 mm (0.200 inches).
  • the protective jacket is cut back a length of about 370 mm+25 mm/ ⁇ 0 mm (14.56 inches+1 inch/ ⁇ 0 inches) from the tubular conduit at opposing ends.
  • Opposing ends of the protective jacket have a wind down end seal with about 50 mm (2 inches) wide of a hot melt adhesive.
  • the protective jacket has opposing transitional end portion lengths of about 100 mm+25 mm/ ⁇ 0 mm (4 inches+1 inch/ ⁇ 0 inches) with a minimum end length of about 75 mm (3 inches).
  • the means for creating a non-smooth surface comprises a 4 mm ( 5/32 inches) diameter polyethylene rod embedded into the protective jacket at least 2 mm (0.079 inches) deep.
  • the polyethylene rod is wound about the protective jacket with a nominal pitch of about 75 mm (3 inches).
  • Opposing ends of the protective jacket are left bare (without the rod) to a length of about 450 mm (18 inches
  • the first insulation layer may be produced from a material selected from a group consisting of polyurethane foam, glass syntactic polyurethane, glass syntactic polypropylene, solid polyurethane, and solid polypropylene.
  • the protective jacket may be extruded or wound about the first insulation layer and may be produced from a material selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene and a fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the means for creating a non-smooth surface may be selected from a group consisting of a plastic winding wound about the protective jacket, a plastic winding wound about the protective jacket and recessed therein, a plastic mesh, a metal mesh, polymeric beads, and polymeric pellets.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side elevation view (not to scale) of a pipeline made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention
  • FIG. 1A shows a cross-section (not to scale) taken perpendicular to a center axis running parallel to a length of the pipe and along A-A of FIG. 1 of the pipeline made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed side elevation view (not to scale) of the pipe made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a multilayer insulation system that employs a mechanism to increase the friction between insulation layers and/or the outer layer of the insulation or jacket and the surrounding environment, e.g., soil or concrete. It should be recognized the invention will work with insulation systems that include protective jackets around the insulation. Specifically, the use of protective jackets prevents mechanical damage to the insulation and prevents water from contacting the insulation resulting in a better performing insulation product.
  • cryogenic applications such as pipes carrying cold or liquefied gases (argon, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen and oxygen) and other cold fluids or liquefied gases having extremely low temperatures ( ⁇ 60° C. to ⁇ 266° C.).
  • the Pipe 1 The Pipe 1
  • a fluid conduit 1 e.g., pipes
  • a fluid conduit 1 e.g., pipes
  • the First Layer 10 An Insulation
  • the first layer is single or multiple layers of similar or different insulation materials, such as a polyurethane foam (PUF), glass syntactic polyurethane (GSPU), solid polyurethane (SPU), glass syntactic polypropylene (GSPP) or solid polypropylene (SPP) 10 .
  • PEF polyurethane foam
  • GSPU glass syntactic polyurethane
  • SPU solid polyurethane
  • GSPP glass syntactic polypropylene
  • SPP solid polypropylene
  • the insulation is applied to a substantially uniform radial thickness and cured or cooled to form a rigid form.
  • the insulation has a thickness of between about 0.50 inches and 8 inches.
  • This molding may occur in either a static or a progressive mold.
  • the insulation can also be extruded or sprayed on to the pipe. The insulation will then cure or cool.
  • the second layer discussed in the next section, can be applied to the outer surface of the insulation. The second layer will thus bond to the insulation.
  • the Second Layer 20 A Jacket
  • a jacket 20 may be applied to the outer surface of the first insulation 10 .
  • a typical jacket is a high density polyethylene coating (HDPE) 20 which is extruded around the insulated pipe.
  • the thickness of the jacket is typically 2 mm-12 mm.
  • This layer 20 protects the insulation 10 along with the pipe 1 .
  • the jacket may also include a bonding film to enhance adhesion between the insulation and jacket.
  • the ends of the jacket layer 20 may be cut off at the ends or the layer carried over the ends of the insulation 10 and sealed to the pipe 1 and its anticorrosion coating 3 .
  • the outer jacket may also be Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) among others.
  • FRP Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic
  • other polymers or similar coatings may also be used to reduce corrosion by protecting the pipe from groundwater and other elements/materials.
  • the Third Layer 30 A Winding, Beads or Pellets
  • the third layer 30 (or second layer if no jacket is used) is a winding placed around the warm or hot insulation or jacket while it is still curing or cooling.
  • the winding is a plastic wire evenly and spirally wound, e.g., equal spacing between the winds along the length of the insulated pipe. This winding creates an uneven, bumpy or undulating surface.
  • This layer may also be a polymer (e.g., plastic) or metal mesh or net.
  • Preferred materials include polyethylene (PE) wire or pellets or polypropylene (PP) wire and/or pellets and/or beads. (See. FIG. 2 ).
  • a further approach is to embed beads or pellets, such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) beads or pellets into the warm, curing outer insulation surface or jacket ( 10 or 20 ).
  • beads or pellets are laid like the wire above or randomly, evenly around the insulation or jacket.
  • such beads or pellets are laid randomly to the outer surface of the insulation or jacket.
  • Tests have shown wire diameter or bead or pellet diameter (pellet size) of 1/16′′ to 1 ⁇ 2′′ works best.
  • Additional properties may be added to the corrosion coating layer, such as a rough coat.
  • the primary purpose is to create a non-smooth surface, such as an uneven, bumpy or undulating surface so as to increase the friction between insulation layers and/or the insulation or jacket and its environment. This is accomplished by applying the windings, beads or pellets to the hot or warm insulation or jacket while it is curing or cooling.
  • the windings, beads, pellets or mesh 30 can also be applied between layers of insulation or on the outside surface of the insulation on a non-jacketed insulated pipe or can be added to the outer surface of the jacket 30 . This will increase the friction between the insulated pipe and the surrounding environment, earth, concrete, etc. to improve the overall system.
  • Each layer from the steel pipe up to the outermost surface can be bonded to each adjacent layer.
  • Handling and deployment of the insulated system requires gripping the system and restraining it when necessary. Any slippage between layers results in loss of restraint and control, and possibly wrinkling and damage to the system. Continuous bonding is a unique and valuable feature of the described system.
  • FIG. 2 A practical example of the teachings of the present invention may be understood by referring to FIG. 2 .
  • the dimensions disclosed with example are meant as an illustration of a specific embodiment, and the broader aspects of the invention are not limited by the specificity with which the following example is described.
  • any one of the specific physical qualities and/or magnitudes thereof described with reference to the practical example may be taken alone or in combination with or with any of the aspects described above to arrive at a useful pipe system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 a pipe system is illustrated having an insulation layer 10 under (concealed by) an insulation jacket 20 .
  • a pipe 1 was supplied having a 508 mm (20 inches) outside diameter, a 15 mm (0.591 inches) wall thickness and 12 m (40 feet) length and a 0.41 mm+0.20 mm/ ⁇ 0.05 mm (16 mils+8 mils/ ⁇ 2 mils) FBE with Rough-Cote layer. The FBE was cut back a length L C of about 120 mm+25 mm/ ⁇ 0 mm (4.75 inches+1 inch/ ⁇ 0 inches) at both ends of the pipe 1 .
  • the pipe 1 included 22 mm+6 mm/ ⁇ 3 mm (0.87 inches+1 ⁇ 4 inches/ ⁇ 1 ⁇ 8 inches) polyurethane insulation at 240 kg/m 3 (15.0 lb/ft 3 ) nominal density with a 5 mm (0.200 inches) minimum HDPE jacket 20 such that the system had about a 563 mm (22.17 inches) nominal diameter.
  • the HDPE jacket was cut back a length L J of about 370 mm+25 mm/ ⁇ 0 mm (14.56 inches+1 inch/ ⁇ 0 inches) from the pipe 1 at both ends. Opposing ends of the HDPE jacket 20 had a wind down end seal with a 50 mm (2 inches) wide hot melt adhesive.
  • the HDPE jacket had an overall transitional end portion length L T of about 100 mm+25 mm/ ⁇ 0 mm (4 inches+1 inch/ ⁇ 0 inches) with a minimum end length L E of about 75 mm (3 inches).
  • a 4 mm ( 5/32 inches) diameter polyethylene rod 30 was embedded into the HDPE jacket at least 2 mm (0.079 inches) deep with a nominal pitch NP of 75 mm (3 inches).
  • Each end of the HDPE jacket 20 was left bare (without rod 30 ) to a length L B of 450 mm (18 inches).
  • the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc. are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments in any way. Additionally, the term “plurality” as used herein is intended to indicate any number greater than one, either disjunctively or conjunctively as necessary, up to an infinite number.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
US12/994,932 2008-05-29 2009-05-28 Shear increasing system Active 2032-12-28 US9145999B2 (en)

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US12/994,932 US9145999B2 (en) 2008-05-29 2009-05-28 Shear increasing system

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US5701108P 2008-05-29 2008-05-29
US12/994,932 US9145999B2 (en) 2008-05-29 2009-05-28 Shear increasing system
PCT/US2009/045488 WO2009148920A1 (fr) 2008-05-29 2009-05-28 Système d'augmentation du cisaillement

Related Parent Applications (1)

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PCT/US2009/045488 A-371-Of-International WO2009148920A1 (fr) 2008-05-29 2009-05-28 Système d'augmentation du cisaillement

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US20110209848A1 (en) * 2008-09-24 2011-09-01 Earth To Air Systems, Llc Heat Transfer Refrigerant Transport Tubing Coatings and Insulation for a Direct Exchange Geothermal Heating/Cooling System and Tubing Spool Core Size
DE102010052671B4 (de) * 2010-11-26 2017-03-23 Airbus Operations Gmbh Isolierungsanordnung mit Ventilationsöffnungen für Luftfahrzeuge
US20140044489A1 (en) * 2012-08-13 2014-02-13 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Conduit displacement mitigation apparatus, methods and systems for use with subsea conduits
CN103174910B (zh) * 2013-04-19 2015-02-04 王根乐 防老化塑料管或塑料管接头的管体结构
JP6313564B2 (ja) * 2013-10-24 2018-04-18 国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構 低温流体移送管
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WO2009148920A1 (fr) 2009-12-10

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