US904315A - Dyeing apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

R. DIEDERICHS. DYEING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAY 1;, 1906.

Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

nu: NORRIS FBYERS cm, wnsmucrou, o. 1:

R. DIEDERIOHS.

DYEING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATIONHFILED MAY 12. 1908.

Patented Nov. 17,1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

m: NORRIS P5151: cc., wAsumcnm. n. c.

ROBERT DIEDERIGHS, OF COLOGNE, GERMANY.

DYEING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 17', 1908.

Application filed May 12, 1908. Serial No. 432,429.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT DIEDERICHS, a citizen of Germany, residing at Cologne-onthe-Rhine, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Dyeing Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a dyeing apparatus more particularly adapted for treating textile materials, as well as for mixing chemicals, dyeing materials, oils, etc., with the liquids used.

The characteristic feature of the apparatus consists in the provision in a receptacle for the material to be treated of a double bottom, the lower of these bottoms being made in the form of a trough and terminating towards the middle in a cone, and the upper bottom, which may be adapted to the form of the lower one, being perforated in the manner of a sieve, passages being also provided which run upwards from the space between the bottoms, and lead into the receptacle, so that by raising and lowering a suction bell a circulation of the fluid is induced. Owing to the bulged shape of the bottoms, dead corners are avoided and an unimpeded circulation of the liquid is insured, so that the bell may be readily lifted off its support without producing any undue suction.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a vertical central section through my improved dyeing apparatus; Fig l a detail of the perforated bottom, showing it provided with wire gauze; Fig. 2 diagrammatic view, showing a number of dyeing apparati with their parts in different positions, and Fig. 3 a similar view, illustrating the means for operating the vessels and bells.

In the form of the apparatus as shown, a second vessel 6, is inserted in a vessel a, the cross section of the same being less than that of the vessel a. The space 0, thereby created betweenthe sides of the two vessels serves as a passage for effecting the circulation of the liquid. The inserted vessel Z), is supported through the medium of a flanged ring d, or the like on the upper edge of the vessel a. This ring likewise closes the passage c, and thus prevents the liquid from Spurting out while the machine is working.

The inserted vessel Z), is provided at the height of the normal level of the liquid with several rows of holes 6, through which the liquid flows during its circulation, which occurs through the passage 0, and the perforated bottom 7, of the inserted vessel Z).

The bottom f, is curved from the sides inwards, as shown, and in the middle is arched upwards. The middle of the bottom 7", rests on the support 9.

The inserted vessel Z), can be taken out and can be attached to the principal vessel a, by means of lever clamps or the like.

By means of a pin it, fixed to the support and engaging in a hole situated in the middle of the bottom, and pins 2', provided above in the casing a, and engaging in openings in the angular ring (Z, the vessel Z), is

held perfectly concentric in the vessel a, so

that the passage 0, is of the same width throughout. The vessel Z), is put in and taken out of the principal vessel a, by means of a suitable liftin device, such as chains 6 engaging rollers Z) The material to be treated is put into the vessel 6, and placed therewith in the principal vessel a, after the bath has been prepared in the latter. The bath may also be prepared after the vessel Z), has been inserted. lVhen fibrous material is treated a similarly shaped bottom made of narrow mesh wire gauze is also laid on the perforated bottom f, in order to prevent the fibrous material from falling through the perforated bottom.

The bath is prepared in the following manner :l/Vater under pressure is, run into the vessel 44, through the pipe is, and flows upwards through the perforated bottom 7", of the vessel Z), and the annular passage 0, until it reaches the overflow pipe 1. This pipe is then closed by the cock m, and the supply of water stopped. The raising of the temperature of the liquid to boiling heat is effected by steam, which is conveyed through the pipe n, into the steam chamber 0, from which the water of condensation that is formed is carried off through the pipe 7). The upper wall of the steam chamber pre sents a relatively large heating surface, which quickly heats the liquid to the boiling point, especially if steam be let in at the same time as the water begins to enter. hen the bath has been prepared, the suction bell 9, held in the raised position until the vessel Z), is introduced, is lowered into the working position and the machine started. By means of the lever device t, connected with the eccentric disk 1*, on the shaft 8, the suction bell is lowered and raised. lVhen the bell is in its highest position, the lower edge thereof is always above the level of the liquid. The top of the bell is provided with openings which are covered by a flap 9 made of felt,.asbestos, 01' the like. Then the bell is immersed in the liquid, the fiap is raised by the air escaping out of the bell and by a part of the liquid, while the liquid pressed by and forced out of the material being treated flows through the bottom of the vessel Z), into the vessel a, from there around the circular edge of the bottom into the annular passage 0, and through the rows of holes 6, again over the bell which is now in its lowest position, in which it is retained for a short time. The material being treated is thus compressed more or less through the bell accordingly as the stroke of the bell is regulated. When the bell rises again the fiap lies firmly against and closes the openings in the top. The material is thereby subjected to suction through the bell and is raised, thus being loosened and a rarefication of air is produced in the material, which thereby takes up the liquid again. The part of the liquid which is above the bell when the latter is in the lowest position, is almost instantaneously drawn downwards and into the vessel a, concentrically through the perforation e, in the side of the inserted vessel and the passage 0, and flows upwards in an exceedingly powerful stream over a smooth path on the conical bottom 7, and passes through the perforated bottom 7', towards the middle of the material contained in the vessel Z). Here the stream not only promotes the raising of the material through the bell, but contributes essentially to a further loosening of the superposed layers of material, without altering their position. When the bottom of the bell emerges from the liquid it allows what is contained in it to fall, in consequence of the destruction of the vacuum then taking place. This effect of the circulation is solely due to the trough-shaped construction of the bottom j, of the vessel a, in conjunction with the form of the bottom f, of the vessel 5, adapted thereto, whereby any resistance to the circulation of the liquid is obviated. As there are no dead corners the force of the stream is quite uniform throughout the liquid, so that all parts are equally well served with liquid. In this way a cycle like flow is insured and thereby, as distinguished from the case in which the bottoms of the receptacle for the liquid are of usual flat horizontal kind, any retention of the liquid and consequent impediment in the circulation are avoided. continuous and rapidly changing circulation of the liquid, the latter is likewise heated throughout in the troughed part of the apparatus through the action of this part as a heating surface, and therefore can at any time be brought to and maintained at the desired temperature. ragain, all parts of the material are at the same temperature, there being no direct contact between the material In the above described and the heating surface. There is, however,

no cooling of the different parts of the liquid, as long as the pressure of steam remains the same. This is always maintained in the known manner by a regulating valve.

The apparatus is also particularly suitable for making additions of chemicals'and dyeing materials for the different processes of treatment, without interrupting these processes. In the form of the invention shown, the chemicals and dying materials to be added, are placed in a state of solution in the hopper a, which is firmly connected with the pipe Z. This pipe runs into the passage 0, and can be closed by the three-way cock m. The cock is closed when the hopper is filled. The cock is opened when the bell reaches the lowest point of immersion. The contents of the hopper are then drawn under the middle of the receptacle 6, for the materials to be dyed when the bell ascends and just so quickly distributed uniformly throughout the liquid and brought ultimately into contact in the same degree with every fiber of the material. Before the bell is immersed again, the cock is re-closed, in order that when the liquid rises in the passage it may not spurt out through the hopper.

In the form shown the pipe Z, acts as an inlet for the chemicals, coloring materials, etc., and as an overflow pipe for the liquid in the rinsing process. The inlet and the overflow may be arranged independently of each other in different parts of the vessel a.

As distinguished from the usual apparatus with stirring mechanism or circling liquid, no portion of this material, whether large or small, can be deposited through its specific gravity on the bottom of the liquid receptacle and be there forced into dead corners, so that it does not come into action on the cloth and is lost when the liquid is drawn off. The trough like form of the bottom and the absence of any dead corners prevent any deposit occurring in the constantly changing cycle of the liquid.

If the effect of the treatment of the work is to be tested during the process, then the block 1;, is released and the rod q, which can then be moved in the sleeve 10, is raised by pulling the cord :20, and fixed so that the examination may be effected and, if necessary, the vessel Z), for the material treated with its contents can be easily lifted out of the liquid. In the same manner the vessel and the bell are returned to the working position without its being necessary to stop the machine.

Generally the vessel a, is open at the top or only closed lightly with a cover. If it is desired to close the vessel a, tightly, as is necessary with the employment of many kinds of coloring material and those processes in which exclusion of air is indispensable, the cover a, lying above the bell and be produced by loosening the block 4), in the sleeve 10, and then lowering and raising the bell by hand by means of the cord :0. Thereby it is possible even with the air excluded to let the liquid and the material to be dyed rest, or to actuate both more or less vigorously. The former may be of special importance for the treatment of difficult coloring material, the latter in the employment of sulfur dies and the like. It may here be observed that the shaft 8, is only intended to make from 15 to 18 revolutions per minute.

If the rinsing process is to be begun the feed water pipe is, is opened, as likewise the cock m, of the overflow pipe Z. The dirt residues of dyeing material, chemicals and the like to be removed from the material being treated, are washed away upwards and carried off through the overflow opening Z, into the outlet. If the vessel is to be emptied, the discharge pipe y, is opened, whereby the liquid is likewise conveyed through the outlet or may be intercepted for the purpose of being employed again.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, two series of apparatus of the kind are arranged opposite one another with a space between for the workman. In any apparatus a different material can be treated, for example dyed, and any material can be dyed in a different way.

As a matter of course the same kind of material can be treated in the same manner and by the same processes in all the apparatus, in which case a series of apparatus are connected by pipes, so that the liquid in all the vessels is thoroughly and permanently uniform in concentration, mixture and temperature. By closing the cooks arranged in these connecting pipes, two or more compartments for the purpose of the same treatment can be connected with one another. The number of compartments which can be connected in this manner is only limited by the space available at any time for the installation. If a larger number of compartments for the purpose of the same treatment be connected, the chemicals, dyeing materials or the like can be conveyed into the different compartments simultaneously by putting the whole quantity of the added liquid into one vessel, in which thorough mixing is effected by the action of a suction bell, whereupon by opening a cock, the liquid is conducted through pipes into the different apparatus. In the washing and bleaching operations which frequently precede the dyeing process, this connection of a number of compartments insures a continuous process which can be applied in the same manner to all other operations. For this purpose a number of interchangeable inserted vessels Z), are necessary.

An inserted vessel Z), is filled with the allowable quantity of material to be treated and is placed in the principal vessel of the first compartment. \Vhile in this the material is being well preliminarily softened and washed by the action of the bell, a second vessel b, is filled with material to be treated and after a certain time is put in the first compartment after the inserted vessel which is therein has been removed, and conveyed on the rollers which run on the rails .2, to the second compartment in which the first soap bath is prepared. The first inserted vessel is then put in the third apparatus or compartment which contains a warm rinsing bath. The material is then treated in the fourth compartment with the second soap bath, in the fifth compartment with the bleaching material, and in the sixth compartment is thoroughly rinsed. The inserted vessel is removed from the sixth compartment and is put into a tilting device which empties the material into a carriage by which it is conveyed to the centrifugal machine. The empty inserted vessel is then filled with fresh material to be treated and is carried back therewith the same way. By means of the tilting device the difficulties associated with the delivery of certain kinds and forms of treated material, and which the fabric could not bear, are avoided. In the process described, the treatment of the material is effected without the material being put in and taken out in the difierent operations, and without its being touched by hand, with levers, rods or the like. For special forms of material for example yarn, in hanks and the like, the emptying of the inserted vessel may be effected in any other suitable manner instead of by tilting.

By the continuous introduction of filled inserted vessels 6, into the vessel a, of the second compartment, a continuous working is effected which, as distinguished from the process as now usual, insures a constantly uniform working result with uninterrupted use of the apparatus. The consequence of this is that when large quantities of material are treated in the succeeding operations by machinery and by hand work, the work effected is more uniform and always equal, whereby on the one hand excessive labor and strain, and on the other hand intervals during which the machinery and the workmen are idle are avoided.

I claim: forated Wall and a perforated coniform bot- 1. A dyeing apparatus comprising an outer tom, and a bell adapted to be received Within vessel having a ooniform bottom, an inclosed the inner vessel, substantially as specified. spaced inner vessel having a perforated Wall Signed by me at Cologne, Germany, this 5 and a perforated coniform bottom, and a bell 22nd day of April 1908.

adapted to be received Within the inner vessel, substantially as specified. ROBERT DIEDERIOHS 2. A dyeing apparatus comprising a jack- Vitnesses: eted outer vessel having a ooniform bottom, PETER KRAUsE, 10 an inclosed spaced inner vessel having a per- Louis VANDORN.

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