US901338A - Means for generating heat. - Google Patents

Description

V H. E. GRABAU.

MEANS FOR GENERATING HEAT. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1901.

90 1 338 Patented Oct 20, 1908.

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I Tron/ us H. E. GRABAU.

MEANS FOR GENERATING HEAT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4,1907.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

2 SHEETSBHEET 2.

Ill/IIIIII/IIIII/IIIIIIII/III/IIIII/III/Ih mvnvron JYansl I'. Gnflaau 4 rl'onners WITNESSES 0} CI wlaf 4f. WZJC/ZM/ Tocl l whom it may concern:

- ducing a mixture of air an HANS E. GRA'BAU, OF WEEHAWKEN, NEW JERSEY.

minis ron enntnna'rmo near.

Specification of I iettera Patent.

Patented Oct. so, 1909.

Application filed June 4, 1901. Serial No. 871,150.

Be it known that I, I'IANS E. (lnApAU, a citizen of the United States, residing in W eehawken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and nsefulMeans for Generating Heat, of which'the following is a specification.

' This invention comprises means for generating heat, the apparatus bein'g'ada ted for use in connection with a variety 0 ap-" liauces and structures, among which may o mentioned soldering irons, sad irons, gas

heaters, as torches, and many-kinds of portable too 5', as'well as in apparatus generally.

The objects of this invention are to rapidly 'en'erate and maintain an intense heat whicl? is adapted to bentilized in' various ways, such -as for heating a portable tool orany form of apparatus, to secure economy in the consumption of the fuel, and to simplify the construction so asto produce a compact device which is economical to numufacture.

CBroadly stated, the invention consists in 5 means for generating a vapor under pressure, such as steum,.'utilizing the pressure of the vapor forentraining air, thus provapor, entrant ing a mixture "of'combustible as or vapor and air by the action of the a oresaid mixture of vapor and air, whereby the two mixturw are combined, and igniting the resulting mixtures for the production of an intense heat by the consumptionof a low pressure of fuel ,(gas);

The invention further contemplates an injector burner embodying in its construction a Bunsen device adapted to supp y mix; ture of air and gas to a combining chamber into which the aforesaid mixture of ga s and air is drawn by the rapid jet of mixture of atmos heric' air and superheated steam,

'- where y the "two gaseous known gaseous fuel which is supp "low cost.

' a hi htemperature;

H vapors are com- ,bll dand'consumed for pr uclng heat of T e'Bunsen device affords a convenient moons for initially heating the generator and other parts of the apparatus, and, also supplies a combustible vapor from a convenient source of supply and in a form adapted to be united readily with another vapor of economical production, thusutilizing a welled-at a :i e r p o Another parto f the invention is a vapor generator which is su' pliedwith a small 'quontit of liquid, pre 'erably water, whereby sai generator. when heated to a higl1 temperatureis adapted to produce dry superheated steam, the pressure of which is utilized in a twofold capacity, as a. medium .for

entraining air and producing a forcible air jet which aids in increasing ,the flow supplied by the Bunsen device and combining with its gases a vapor composed of steam and air.

Another art of the invention is means for feeding a iquid in a small uantity continuously to the generator, w ereby intermittent vaporization of .the liquid is'obvivated, and, further,"in. a novel appliance for regulating the liquid supply. in-a minute quantity to the generator. a

In the accompanying illustrated diflerent ractical embodiments of the invention, but t e constructions shown therein are to'be-understood as illustrative only, and not as defining the'limits of the invention. 7

Figure 1 is a vertical section taken longidrawings, I have tudinall) through an apparatus ofmy invention, the-plane of the section being Iindiw th bythe dotted line 1-1-0: Fig. 2 look- .of the invention. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross sectionv on the line 5'5 of Fig. at.

' In the embodiment of the invention shown 'in the several figures of the-drawings, the

apparatus is 'shownas having a casing contalmn a mixing chamber,A, a Bunsen device,v 7 for feeding air and gas to said chamber, avapoi" generator C, an injector nozzle,

D, connected with saidgenerator, (J, an n-v ittend into the mixing. chamber and dis osfed in'alinementivith the ,and means indicated at; 'F and consisting of a tube and control deinjector nozzle,

vice for supplying liquid to said generator,

O. Sai drawings re' resent, further, acompact construction of at form of apparatus which may beappropriately designated as an injector burner,-.the same beinaudapted for use 1 n.connection' with orta le tools, suchv as solder lf' irons an gas torches;

:u is formed, I

iio

ably, by a tube which is open atoms and andis-closed. at its other end by a head, a-,--the latter being provided with a threaded opening, a, into which is screwed a male threaded end of the injector tube, E; The tubular bod A, of the injector burner is provided wit an extension, .A, which is shown asbeing screwed on the closed rear part of the body, .and this extension 'is provided with openings, 0) a, by which atmospheric air is.

free to enter the chamber of said extension.

. rectly to thegenerator,

The injector nozzle, D, extends into the chamber'of the extension, A', and it is in axial almement with the injector tube, .131.

This injector nozzle is integral with or at-- tached to a pipe, (1, which is connected at one end with the generator, C, whereby a vapor,

underpressure, such as dry superheated steam, may be supplied from the generator to the injector nozzle; As .showii, the pipe, d, extends alongside of the chambered body, A, so as to occupya coinpact relation there a and one end of thisppe is attacheddi end of said" pipe has an elbow, (1', adapted to-connect with the injector nozzle;

- pressure and with considerablevelocity from fthezr'i'ozzle, D, across the chamberof-the extension, A, and into the injector tube, 1- 1, ;wliereb the jet of steam or vapor ei traiiis .atmos ieric air through the openings 4 a,

into tie injector tube, E, so that theair and steam are intimately mixed and supplied vunder pressure into the mixiii chamber, A.

The enerator, C, may be 0 any suitable "or pre erred construction, but as shown in Figs. 1, 2-and 3 of the drawings, said generator isa bollowcasting attached to or supported on the tubularbody forming the mixmg chamber, A'. The generator-base chainber, c, into which aliquid is to be admitted, and said generator isprovided, furthermore,

w'itha central opening, a", which is opposite to-the; open end of-the mixing chain er, A

QAcrosssaid-open end of this chamber is a I effect of the. intense heat generated by the burner, and saiddiaphra gauzedia hragin G; constituting theiflame' surface o? the IIljQC tOI'. burner. Said diahragin is composediipreferably, of'a dura-. i

1e metallic gauze w ch will-withstand the is, practically, y

j between the endfportion o the tubular b0 andthe casting- The Bunsen 'device is'shown as orming the generator, G, of Figs. Ito Sinclusive.

. of an extension,-b, of; the casing inclosing iniuiicates with, the mixing chamber, A. The casing b, is screwed on the extension, b,

,, while. the other The. steam or other vapor is discharged under consisting the mixin ,chamber, A,: .a'casing," bf, a'sup-- through which a gaseous uel an en rewire;passes,-v and a nozzle, :bi fIOIh--Wh1Qh the-jet of theyiuel passes. The-extension b, is'atan angle to the axis of"- the tubular body, and it-opens into. or com-,

and the supply pipe 6 for the purpose of mechanical y connecting said parts, and this casing is provided with openings, b, for the admission of atmospheric air to the extension, b. The jet nozzle, b, is attached to the feed i e, b, and it extends into the chambet 0. t ie-coupling, b, as shown in Figs. 1 and t. The pipe, I)", is adapted to be connected in any suitable or usual way with a source of supply of gas or other fuel in a vaporized state, such as a street main, and when the gasis admittedto the pipe, b it iscaused to issue underIpressure, and with considerable velocity from the nozzle, 1), whereby "the jet of gas entrains atmospheric air through the openings, If. The mixture of air and gas takes place in the extension, I), of the Bunsen device, and it is suppliedto the mixing chamber, In thisv connection it is to be observed theymay beigiiited at the gauze diaphragm, G. liurthei'ii ore, the pressure and velocity or thesteam issuing fI'Olli-thG-J10ZZ18, D, is utilized to entrain air through the openings, a a so that a mixture of steam and ,air is secured in' the i iij'Jector' tube, E," and injected into the chamer A and, further, the'pressure and velocity of the mixture of steam andair issuing from the injector tubeiiicreases the-fuel sup ly' .to the bun'seii and aids to carry the combustible: mixture of'gasfnd air into the'inixiiig chamber, A, fromthe bimsen, B.

' The two mixtures, one of which is composed of steam and air, and the other. of

' gas and air, are intimately commingled' and v heated iii the mixing chamber, A, aiid when ignited produce a lar e volume. of heat adapted to be utilized or heating portable. tools and other apparatus, the burner being maintained continuously in operation with a relatively small volume of gas, thereby'efi'" footing econo'iir in the operation.

It is desirab e t feed the liquid continu tinuously for the pur' ose of keeping the.

. burner in operation an obviating the possibility of cool m off the enerator. Various inec anical devices may be'employed forfeeding a small quantity of liquid continuously to the generator, but I have g ie'und the construction shown in Fi to be particularly serviceable; This feet? anism consistsof 'atube, f, coupled at (me end to the generator, 0, and arranged in compact relation to the tubular bodyiforms in -the mixing chamber, A. This-su pl' t-u e, f is provided with a nipple, iv 10 is mteriorly screw threaded, and to .this.ii'ip-' 1e is'attached a tube or hose, f ,l1dil1)t8d-tt) ead fromany suitable seriesof liquids'up" ply. The nipple, f','constitu tes'a seat for a re ulatiii r valve '1 which is shown in the form of a male threaded plug having one side cut away at an angle, .one end of said plug being enlarged and notched for the reception of a suitable tool, such as a screw driver, for adjusting the valve. Within the tube, f, arranged a rod or wire, F which extends lengthw' e of the tube, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, aid wire or rod operating to reduce the cross sectional area of the passage through said tube, f, whereby the liquid is contained in a thin film which extends continuously from the valve, F, to the delivery end of the tube, The liquid is supplied under pressure or head to the tube. f, and the volume admitted to said tube may be in-' creased or decreased by adjusting the valve, F, for the purpose of regulating the area of the port. by which the liquid is adn'iitted from the tube or hose, f, to the tube, 7, and thence to the generator, C.

In the construction shown, it. is preferred to connect the pipes, (I, f, to the tubular body .of the injector burner by bands, g, which embrace the body and the tubes, thereby binding the parts firmly together, although other means may be employed for uniting the several-parts in a substantial way.

The construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings embraces substantially the same elements as the burner shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and heretofore described, except that the parts are modified in non-essential particulars. The casing inclosing the mixing chamber, A, contains the diaphragm, G, and is provided with the extension, A, and the inclined extension, l. \Vithin thischamher is the injector tube, E, which is attached to the head, a. The generator, 0, is in the form of a coil of pipe arranged beyond but close to the open end of the mixing chamber and the diaphragm, G.- Liquid is supplied to said generator by a pipe, it, from a tank, 12., adapted to contain water. Said pipe has a regulating cock or valve, 2', of any preferred construct ion, and in the pipe is a packing of fibrous material indicated at j. The aforesaid packing may be composed of any suit-- able material, such as asbestos fiber, through which the liquid, such as water, is permitted to pii-rcolate. The quantity of liquid supplied to the generator, t), is regulated or controlled with a view toifeeding a small quantity within the capacity of the generator to com'crt into vapor. It may be stated that the liquid teed devices which l' prefer to employ operate. substantially,on the prirr eiple oli capillary attraction. From the generator. C, extends a tube, (l, which leads to an injector nozzle, D, the latter being supported in one end of the extension, A, so as to lie in axial alinement with the injector tube. F. It is preferred to employ a jet nozzle. D, which is externally threaded in order to mount it in the extension A, said nozzle being, also, screw threaded interiorly for a part of its length. In the female threaded part of the nozzle is screwed a regulating valve, ll, which is provided with a stem, lfi, adapted to extend across the port. between the vapor tube, (Z, and the passage through the jet nozzle, whereby the valve is adapted to be adjusted for regulating the volume of steam which passes through the nozzle D. The extension, A, is-provided with the air inlets, of, and the steam issuing from the jet nozzle entrains air through these openings into the injector tube, E, in a manner heretofore described. The buusen, I of Fig. t is shown as having the casing, integral with the inclined extension, I), and the feed tube. V, is integral wit-h the jet nozzle, bf, said casing, b, having the air inlet opening, 7/, but it will be noted that the Bunsen device of Fig. 4 embodies the same elements and operates in the same way as the corresponding device of Fig. 1.

From the foregoing description it is to be observed that the generator C, or C is directly in the path of the flame of the gases issuing from the mixing chamber, A, and the diaphragm, G, so that the generator is exposed to the intense heat of the burner for the purpose of securing an instantaneous conversion of the liquid into steam, and, further, of superheating the steam so that it will be supplied in a dry hot condition to the injector nozzle, D, D. The injector tube, E, extends into the mixing chamber, A, and discharges the mixture of steam and air at a point some distance in front of the port or opening between the Bunsen device and the mixing chamber, whereby the injector tube prevents the mixture of steam and air from passing upwardly into the bunsen, and the pressure of the steam and air entrains a mix-- ture of gas and air into the mixing chamber, the two vaporsbein mixed in said chamber and ignited at the iaphragm, G. p 7 It will be seen that in the construction described the force of the fuel jet in the bunsen is the means of entraining the air so that the apparatus may be started by simpl lighting the gaseous mixture thus produce and that the flame from the burner serves to' vaporize the water which then starts the additional air supplied b means of a jet of steam, and that therea er the steam generated is superheated. It will also be seen that the superheater is a part of the burner itself and not a part of a fixed boiler. Further it willbe seen that while the apparatus constructed as described may be used in some instances in connection with a fixed apparatus, it is especially adapted for use as a portable burner in which the superheated steam is generated from a supply of water fed through a flexible connection, the gas also to be fed through a flexible connection thus adapting the portableapparatus for heated by ignited Having thus fully described the invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is? 1. In an apparatus of the class described, means for entraining air by a j et ulider pressure of a fixed gaseous fuelfmeans forming a part of the zippz-lratns for generating and snperheating steam, means for entrainii'ig air by a jetof.t'lie. superheated steam, and means whereby the steam and air are combined with tlie'fuel mixture. I

2. A portable burner n-ovided with means for producing zit-mixture of air and a fixed gaseous fuel, a generator and superheater, a nozzle connnulncating with said generator and superheater and arranged as described to entrain air by a jet of superheated steam. and flexible connections for supplying gas and water to the burner.

3. In a portable apparatus of the character described, the combination of a bunscn formixing air and a combustil'ile fixed by the action of a jet of the latter, a steam generator and superheater arranged to be heated by the burning gases of the ap mratus, and means for injecting air into'the said mixture by a jet of the superheated steam thus produced;

4. The combination in a burner, of a casing containing a mixing chamber and provided with air inletsa bunsen for mixing air and a combustible fixed. gas by the action of a jet of :the latter the casing of which. communicates with said chamber, a steam generator and superheater carried by and adj ac ent to the casing and arranged to be gases passing from said casing, and a steam nozzle comn'runicating -mentioned nozzle with [71111561] having a ClSlDg with the superheater and arranged adjacent to the air inlets to entrain air and inject it into said chamber.

The combination ofa casing containing a mixing chamber and provided with air inlets, a bunsen having a casing connected at an. angle with the aforesaid casing, a nozzle for injecting a fixed gas under pressure into the Bunsen casing, a nozzle at the rear of the mixing chamber adjacent to the air inlets, a generator and superheater adjacent to the casing containing the mixing chamber, and means for supplying said last superheated steam from the generator and superheater, the superheater and generator arranged to be heated by the flame of the mixed gases passing from the mixing chamber.

(1. The combination in anapparatus of the character described, of a casing containing a mixing chamber, a. mixing tube extending into said casing and provided. with air inlets,a. nozzle adjacent to the outer end of said tube, a steam generator and superheater communicating with said nozzle and ar ranged to be heated by the flame of mixed gases passing from said chamber, and .a communicating with said chamber, and a nozzle for injecting a jet of fixed hunsen.

In testimony name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

. HANS E. GRABAU.

\Vitnesse 7 V I. BERNHARD, V. E. NICHOLS.

gases under pressure into thev whereof I have signed my

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