US561934A

US561934A - Vania

Info

Publication number: US561934A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1896-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 1913-06-09

Description

(N0 Mod l'.) s Sheets-Sheet 1. A. BRYCE 8?; L. J. KENNEDY UNIVERSAL FUEL INJECTOR. N0. 561,934. Patented June 9, 1896.

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A. BRYCE a; L. J.'KENNEDY.

UNIVERSAL FUEL INJECTOR.

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A. BRYCE & L. J. KENNEDY.

UNIVERSAL FUEL INJECTOR.

No. 561,934. Patented June 9, 1896.

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A.. BRYCE & L. J. KENNEDY.

UNIVERSAL FUEL INJECTOR.

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UNIVERSAL FUEL INJECTOR.

Nod-61,934. Patented June 9, 1896.

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UNITED STATES ANDREXV BRYCE AND LAWRENCE J. KENNEDY, ()F ALLEGHENY, PENNSYL- VANIA, ASSIGNORS, BY DIRECT AN D MESNEASSIGNIVIEN'IS, TO THE BRYCE I NIVERSAI. FUEL FIRING APPARATUS COMPANY, OF PITTSHI RG, PENN- SYI. ANIA.

UNIVERSAL FUEL-INJECTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 561,934, dated June 9, 1.896. Application fil rldanuery 29, 1894. Serial No. 498,378. (No model.)

To all whon'z, it may concern;

Be it known that we, ANDREW BRYCE and LAWRENCE .I KENNEDY, citizens of the United States, residing at Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered a new and useful Universal Fuel-Injector, of which the following is a specification.

In the accompanying drawings, which make part of this specification, Figure I is a plan of double injectors and connection applied to a fire-box of a locomotive, shown in horizontal section. Fig. II is an elevation of the injectors and connections with the fire-box and fines in vertical sections to which it is applied. Fig. III is an end elevation of Fig. I. Fi IV is a longitudinal vertical section through injectors. Fig. V is a horizontal longitudinal. section through delivery -tip. Fig. V1 is an end view of delivery-tip. Fig. VII is a section on line CL CL of Fig. V. Fig. VIII is a section on line I) Z) of Fig. IV. Fig. IX is a section on line y y of Fig. IV; Fig. X, on line of Fig. IV; Fig. XI, on line a; of Fig. IV. Fig. XII is a central vertical section of the delivery-tip, reciprocating sleeve, and delivcry'plng attached moved forward; Fig. XIII, a central vertical section of governor; and Fig. XIV,a detail view,in vertical section, of the forward end of needle-valve injector.

The purposes of our invention, generally stated, are to devise a universal fuel-injector for gas, oil, coniminnted solids, or any of these, the propulsive force being steam or air, or both, superheated or not, with means for automatically regulating the volume of each constituent injected.

For the purpose of illustration we have shown two of our injectors attached to a firebox of a locomotive; but the number of the injectors may obviously be varied and the apparatus attached to any fire-box.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, I is the 1ire-box,having rear water-deg 2. Through thiinbles 3 3 in said leg are inserted the delivery-tip of our injectors.

t is the grate-bar, and 5 the door.

6 U are the lines, through one of which extends superheated-steain pipe 7. To protect the latter at the frontof the fire-box from the intense heat, as well as to receive the impact of projected fuel, we provide masonry S.

9 is a fuel-pipe (see Fig. III) by which coniininuted fuel is conveyed from any suitable 5 bin by branches 10 10 to the injectors.

11 11 are airor gas pipes leading toin jectors.

2 is the oil-pipe, having branches 13 13 connected to injectors.

14 14: are hot-air pipes leading from interior of fire box and discharging into the injectors near where the pulverized fuel enters same. They also serve to fasten the injectors firmly in place.

The superheated steam pipe 7 has two 6 5 branches 15 15, each being connected, respec tively, to T 16. One line of connections, one regulating-lever, and one injector only will now be described, as they are in duplicate. T 16 connects on the left, as seen in Fig. IV, with steam-valve 17, connected by nipple 18 to T 19, having drip'cock 2i), and through pipe 79 with injector. On the right, T 16 con nects with valve 21, and by nipple 22, union 23, and nipple 24 with shell '25 of steam-inspirator.

26 is a regulating-lever provided at its lefthand end with balancing-weight 27, which is grooved on one side at 42 to engage the periphery of the wheel 61, so as to cause a slight longitudinal reciprocating motion to be given to the hollow spindle 60 by the rise or fall of the said lever, and yet the said hollow spindle 60 is permitted to be revolved at will independently in its place by loosening set-screw 7 3. S

28, 29, 30, and 31 are collars capable of adjustment along the lever by set-screws. Pivoted links 32, 33, and 3% connect three of said collars to collars 35, 2:36, and 37, respectively, on valve-handles 38, 39, and of oilvalve 41, primary steam-valve 17, and secondary steam-valve 21. Collars 31, by link as, is connected to plunger of governor. (Best seen in Fig. XIII.) Said governor consists of shell i6, having screw-cap I7, with air-discharge passage 4:8. is coiled spring 49.

50 is the packed plunger-head, having in Around plunger-rod 45 combination with the ring-packed head the invertedcup-shaped flexible packing 51 and washer 52 and nut 43 below the plunger-head. The plu nger-stem 45 rests loosely upon the adj usting-plug 53 and has a square projection on its outside end to receive a wrench or actuating-lever for the purpose of raising or lowering the plunger-stem 45 and through it to communicate motion to the regulating-lever 26, which in turn communicates motion to all of the valve-levers of the injector, and in this simple manner adjusting simultaneously and uniformly not only all of the valves, but also the tension-sprin g of the governor. Shell 46 is secured into elbow 5%, connected with hotwater pipe 55, leading from the front waterleg and controlled by valve 50.

The construction of the injectors will now be described.

Generally speaking, the injectors are composed of the followingparts: the needle-valve injector, (seen at the left of Fig. IV,) where the more volatile substancessucl1 as gas, steam, hot air, or oil superheated by steam are introduced; second,t he vacuum or mixing chamber where the products received from the needle-valve injector are mingled with comminuted fuel and additional supplies of hot air; third,the exhaust-chamber connected to the mixing-chamber by a velocity-giving thimble, in which exhaust-chamber the excess of lighter products is drawn off to auxiliary injectors, (not illustrated;) fourth, the regulating-chamber where the pressure of steam by means of the governor and intermediate connections to a telescoping pipe controls the throw of the flared fuel-deflector in the delivery-tip and the thickness of the annular jet delivered from said tip; fifth, the delivery-tip itself, and, sixth, the steam or air actuated inspirator for additional supplies of air, hot air, or gas, connected with the reguletting-chamber.

The needle-valve injector will first be described. 57 is the shell of the needle-valve injector. It is virtually a T and makes a slipjoint with the mixing vacuum-chamber, bein g secured thereto by set-screw 58. At the other end of the shell is gland 59, through which moves hollow spindle 60. Said hollow spindle (30 is threaded at 61 at its outer end, the thread projecting from the surface of the spindle to receive hand-wheel 62, which turns in groove 42 in weight 27 on lever 26. Said wheel also acts as a packing-gland and is the means for oscillating longitudinally both of the combined spindles 6O and 65, which thus regulate the volume and force of the annular jet of atomized oil through the reciprocation of the jet (37,. Said spindle is internally threaded at.63 to engage with thread 64 on valve-spindle U5. Said hollow spindle (30 does not extend quite through the whole length of the shell but terminates before it reaches the mixing-chamben At its forward end it is threaded to receive connecting-sleeve 66, the latter being internally threaded its entire length. Into the latter is screwed jet 67, said jet having as a backing sleeve 68, against which it locks. Sleeve 68 may be made in different lengths, so that when the lengths of the jets are varied the jets may nevertheless be firmly locked against the sleeve. These steam-passages communicate with antechamber inside of conical projection 7 2, which divides steam from oil, the steam-passages 71. 71 allowing steam to pass from steam-pipe 79 and the interior of the hollow spindle and thence to mixing-chamber.

104: is a cone with a slip-joint, which forms a dividing-wall between the air and the oil passages.

72 is an internal integral cone projecting from the inside of the shell 57, which forms a dividing-wall between the steam and the oil.

73 is a screw penetrating shell 57 and working in longitudinal groove 7 4: on the exterior of hollow spindle 60, as seen most clearly in Fig. XIV.

Valve-spindle has valve 75 to meet seat 7 6 in interior of hollow spindle 60. In forming the valve 75 on said spindle 65 it is again slightly reduced in diameter, elongated, flat-- tened, or cut down about one-half, leaving a spoon shaped projection large enough to cover one or more of the transverse exitpassages 71 for the steam and at the same time leaving one or more open to the annular chamber surrounding the spindle 60 at this point without interfering with the force and suctional power of the jet 67. This is accomplished by giving quarter-turn to spindle (35. This latter jet is for the purpose of creating a vacuum in mixing-chamber S1 for the comminuted solid fuel and is also adapted to be longitudinally adjusted or set by means of the needle-valve 77, which is threaded and screwed into the end of the spindle (35 and can be set so as to stop the motor-jet entirely or to so regulate the motor force by dividing it with the annular atoinizing-jet through the exit-aperture 71. The said jet 67 and needlevalve 77 are made adjustable also for the purpose of regulating the volume and force of the motor-jet, thereby increasing or diminishing the suctional power of the vacuum, varying as the comminuted solids are light or heavy, or the wants of the plant, or to the quantity or the distance th at they are drawn through the induction-conduits connecting the vacuumchamber and fuel-supply. It will be noted that the hollow spindle 60, needle-valve stem 65, adjustable nozzle 67, sleeve 68, and conneotingsleeve 66 are constructed of such relative diameters that by loosening thumbscrew 7 3 they may be quickly removed by simply pulling on spindle (55 and adjusted and cleaned, in case of clogging, and as speedily replaced.

In the lower part of T-shell 57 is inserted the hollow plug 78, which communicates with the oil-pipe. The upper end of this plug fits with a tapering slip-joint into an opening in cone 104. Centrally into hollow plug 7 8 is inserted a hollow bolt 79, serving as a steampipe, which is threaded at its upper end into shell At its lower end it is screwed into T 10 and has annular shoulder to bear against lower end of hollow plug 7 8. When said shoulder is brought to bear against said plug, it looks in place the plug and also cone 10L, because of the tapering slip-joint which the latter makes with the oil-chamber 7 8. Through pipe 105, Fig. IX, (which may connect either with a gas-main or with the interior of the furnace for hot air, dependent on whether oil or gas is used as fuel,) heated air or gas is fed into the space between the hollow plug 78 and lower part of shell 57.

The vacuum or mixing chamber 81 is substantially an inverted T, into the upper end of which the fuel-pipe 10 enters to give proper direction to the hot air and to prevent fuel from pipe 10 entering the pipes 1a 11. The conical piece 82, acting as nozzle for fuel-pipe 10, is secured into the upper part of the mixing-chamber. llere also the heated-air pipes l-t 14: enter the mixing-chamber. The mixin g-chamber is secured to the shell 83 of the exhaust-chamber by screw 84, and connected by short thimble 8-5, which, being of smaller diameter, acts as a velocity-giver. The exhaust-chamber communicates on one side by pipe so with auxiliary injector of any desired pattern, (not here shown) and on the other side by pipe 103 with secondary injector. The exhaust-chamber is therefore a four-way chamber.

87 is shell of rcgulating-chamber connected by a slip-joint and set-screw S8 with exhaustchamher. Screwed into the forward end of said exhaustchambcr is guide-pipe S9. The shell of the exhaust-chamber is cut away at four points, as seen at a a, Fig. VIII, to get a peripheral exit communication from chamber of shell 87 with exhaust-chamber S3 and the sectional power of the auxiliary injectors through connecting exit-pipe 80.

b I) represent feet that are interposed between the guide-pipe 80 and telescoping pipe 00, and upon which it slides, leaving the annular delivery-space 108 between the two aforesaid pipes. The flared fuel-deflector 91 is screwed or adj ustably fastened to said telescoping pipe 00, and is located in this way between the said guide-pipe 80 and shell 87, so that the two annular spaces 107 and 108 are thus constructed for the regulated delivery of air or gas from shell. 87. Delivery-tip 92 is fastened by screw 03 to shell 87. The inner circular end of fuel-deflector 01 is tapered or formed wedgeshaped, so that when it is longitudinally reciprocated it will increase or diminish the output of said annular spaces 107 and 108.

The holes 01 i l in telescoping pipe 00 are for the purpose of facilitating the admission of air or gas to the smaller annular deliveryspace 108. Upon each side of said pipe projects a stud 95, which engages with slotted rocking lever 90, set on shaft 97 by setscrew 08. Said shaft 97 projects through the lower part of shell 87 of regulating-chamber and into end of regulating-lever 26, being secured there by nut 99, all seen in Fig. X. Nipple 100 connects the lower end of shell 87 with shel 25 of secondary air or steam inspirator.

101 is the jet in the inspirator, and 102 a bend connecting inspirator with hot-air pipe 11 or with a fuel-gas pipe. The steam and air inlets to the inspirator may have their positions interchanged.

The operation of the devices is as follows, assuming that the fuel is oil: superheated steam is admitted through T 16 and steamvalves 21 and 17, the oil-valve 41 having been opened byhand. The steam passing through the needle-valve injector will create a Vacuum in mixing-chamber 81. This vacuum will act by suction to draw up the oil through the annular opening between steam-pipe 7 9 and the interior of hollow plug 78. become superheated and partially vaporized and pass out into mixingchamber. As heat is generated in the furnace heated air will be supplied through pipe 105 to the space between exterior of hollow plug 78 and interior of shell 57, and the path of the oil will thus lie between two heated surfaces. Before the injectors are started it is assumed that valve 75, connecting-sleeve 66, jet 67, and hollow spindle 60 of the needle-valve injector have been set to the point required by the particular fuels employed and the necessities of the plant. The oil-passage, it will be noticed, throughout its entire course through the needle-valve is surrounded by the walls of a heated-air passage and bounded interiorly by the walls of the steam-passage The form of all these passages'being annular spreads the oil out over a large heating-surface and delivers it in athin annular sheet of vapor easily atomized by the superheated annular motorjet formed between '72 and 66. The end of screw 73 entering groove 7 4. prevents both spindles revolving when moved longitudinally and acts as a stop or set screw to hold the hollow spindle in place, when so desired, without interfering with the adjustment of the valve-spindle 05.

The proportions of hot air or gas, when gas is used, are determined by external valves.

The quantity of the motor force may be determined either by screwing down valve 75 toward its seat 76 or by releasing screw 73 and giving a quarter-turn to hollow spindle G0, which changes the size of opening at 100 between hollowbolt 79 and hollow spindle, or by giving a quarter-turn to valve-spindle 65, which will cut off one of transverse steamopenings 71 71, as before stated. (See Fig. XIV.) The motor-jet therefore can be very delicately adjusted by cutting down amount of steam introduced at 106 by partially rotating hollow spindle (50, which will gradually close said opening, as well as by cutting off one of the transverse steam openings 71 71.

The oil will here The actuating force normally has twochannels of escape, one through the central bore of the needle-valve and one in the annular space around connecting-sleeve 66, but can be changed at will from one escapement to the other by adjusting sleeve 66 or needlevalve '77 longitudinally, so that they may be come stop-valves interchangeably.

Should the normal fuel be gas, oil may also be used together with comminuted fuel to supplement a failing supply, and when the gas is adequate the oil and coal would be out off and the gas used with the steam, as above described, or alone, beingadmitted through pipe 105 or through one of the inlet-s of secondary inspirator 25.

The use of the comminuted solids, which is now to be described, may be with a motor force of heated compressed air or superheated steam, and either oil or gas mixed therewith and fired with the coal.

The vacuum in the mixing-chamber sucks the comminuted solids through pipe 10, which are immediately met by supplies of heated air through pipe 14. These encounter the thoroughly-atomized oil or gas and steam is-' suing in j ets from needle-valve injector and are mixed with the same and pass through velocity-giver 85 into exhaust-chamber 83. This chamber communicates, through pipe 86, with an auxiliary injector of any desired form, and therefore not shown, and where .duplieate injectors are used it communicates with.

the other injector. Any excess of blast is here drawn off, as the intention is to give just such momentum to the fuels as will properly deposit them on the hearth of the fire-chamber without blowing them up the stack. The commingled fuels next pass through guidepipe 89 and into delivery-tip 92. The solid fuels here strike flared delivery-plug 91 and are deflected to the hearth, while the gaseous fuel comes out in an annular jet above the solids and therefore interposes between the solids and the uptake a hot gaseous envelop which must consume the solid carbon before it escapes. Meantime, through the secondary inspirator 25, additional quantities of cold or heated air or gas are delivered to the regulating-chamber 87 through openings at. Some portion of this air or gas passes back through openings at (b to exhaust-chamber 83 to mingle with fuel there and reinforce the draft in pipe leading to auxiliary injectors and also forward through annular openings numbered 107 and 108.

The action of the governor remains to be explained. By means of screw-eap 4:7 and adj listing-plug 53 the spring 49 is set at a tension which will give the normal steampressure used in the plant. As the pressure rises the plunger will rise, raising regulating-lever 26. By the connecting-links from said lever to the various valves steam will be increased at valve 16, increasing force of motor-jet and therefore of solid fuel injected. Oil will be increased or diminished at will by valve 41;

also, air or gas by means of the inspirator 25 and by valve 21. Slotted rocking lever 96, also receiving its impulse from said lever 26, will move forward or backward flared delivery-plug 91, opening or regulating the outletapertures, both in forward end of delivery tip and including also the annular air or gas jets at 107. Also by the rise or fall of the lever 26 and by means of its connecting device with the spindle-valve it is moved to and fro longitudinally, thus regulating the atomizing capacity of the annular jet around 66 according to the quantity of fuel used.

To start the apparatus, a fire can be made in the usual way in the combustion-chamber, or a flame or igniting-match maybe sustained for a time by means of a hand or air pump and a flexible tube connecting it with the oilinjector 57, Fig. IV, at T 19, using drip-cock 20 for the purpose, thus spraying the oil and generating the steam-pressure. hen the plunger-stem of the governor begins to rise, the lever 26 will open valve 17 for the admission of the motor force to the injectors. Of course the thumb-valve 20 must now be shut off and the valve 21 will gradually begin to open and cause the induction of air or gas, as the case maybe. By means of the inspirator 25 the lever 26 will still continue to rise, gradually opening all of the various valves connected with it, and by means of the grooved weight 27 on the left-hand end of said lever moving the hollow-spindle valve-stem forward, thus gradually increasing the capacity of the annular oil-atomizing jet around 66. Simultaneously the flared delivery-plug 91 has been moved forward by the rocking lever 96, thus gradually opening up all of the several apertures at the forward end of the injector, including not only the one at the delivery-tip 91 and 92, but at both of the annular jets 107 and 108, surrounding the delivery end of guide-pipe 89. The ports of the valves 17 and 21, (for the arrangements are that before the limit for the steam-pressure is quite reached the openings are at their full delivering capacity,) the steam-pressure still increasing and the lever still rising,will have passed their registering center and will gradually begin to cut off the amount of fuel delivered to the fire, and the steampressure decreasing the lever will fall and thus supply again the desired fuel. However, should the pressure rise a limited number of degrees above this the safety-valve of the steam-generator will open and relieve the pressure, and the plunger stem of the governor having reached its limit in raising the lever 26 a sufficient amount of fuel will be supplied to sustain the given pressure of the plant, for a time at least; but if the pressure decreases the lever 26 gradually falls again and admits the gaged quantity of fuel to the fire that is required to sustain a uniform degree of pres sure. Thus the whole construction is delicately adjusted for all emergencies and for a complete interchange of fuels. The results are that an exceedingly economical use of fuel is obtained and no stoking is required, as the machine automatically feeds itself and the combustion is practically perfect. If desired, the governor and slotted weight may be detached from the regulating-lever and the regulation done by hand.

For compactness and simplicity the delivcry-ti p maybe secured directly to the exhaust chamber and the regulating-chamber omitted, or secured to the mixing-chamber, omitting velocity-giver, exhaust-chamber,and regulatin g-chamber. The hot air would still be delivered, however, into the mixing-chamber. The regulatin g-ch amber, delivery-ti p, and inspirator, detached, may make a complete f uelinjector alone.

Having described our invention, we claim 1. The combination of a fuel-injector; a furnace fed by said injector; a governorconnccted with a steam-boiler; said boiler; a regulating-lever actuated by the governor when the pressure has passed a predetermined point; grooved weight upon said lever and a wheel upon the injector-valve adapted to be rotated by the rise or fall of said weight,

2. In a fuel-injector, the combination of a governor; a regulating-chamber which in- V cludcs a reciprocating pipe; said reciprocatg pipe bearing a flared fuel-deflector; said flared f uel-deflector and intermediate connections between said governor and said pipe.

3. In a fuel-injector, the combination of a governor a regulatinglever connected with the governor; a shaft extendin gfrom the regulating-lever into a regulating-chamber; said regulating-011amber; a reciprocating tubular dclivery-controller and connections between said controller and the shaft.

4:. In a fuel-injector, the combination of a governor; a regulating-lever connected with the governor; a shaft extending from said regulating-lever into a regulating-chamber; said regulatingchamber; a rocking slotted lever attached to said shaft; a reciprocating pipe having projections to engage the slot in said lever and a delivery cut-off carried by said pipe.

5. In a fuelinjeetor the combination of a hollow spindle; a valve-spindle therein; a wheel rigidly fastened upon said hollow spindle and having a rearwardly-projecting flan ge forming a recess for packing aro und the valvespindle.

U. In a fuel-injector the combination of a valve-case substantially T-shaped; a slipjoint cone, 104, inserted in the forward end of the head of said T and provided with an opening at its rear and lower side; a hollow plug extending longitudinally through the stem of said T and fitting within said opening in cone 104; an internal integral conical projection 72, in the head of the T and a hol low boltscrewin g into said projection, extending longitudinally through said hollow plug and having a shoulder at its lower end to bear against the hollow plug and lock the same in position.

7. In a fuel-injector the combination of a valve-case; a hollow spindle adapted to be reciprocated in said case; transverse outlet steam-passages in said hollow spindle a valve in said hollow spindle cut away on one side whereby one steampassage may be closed, without closing the other passage, or the central bore connected therewith.

8. In a fuel-injector, the combination of a valve-case; a hollow spindle in said case, eX- ternally threaded at its forward end to receive a threaded sleeve; a sleeve internally threaded to screw upon said hollow spindle; a backing sleeve inserted in said sleeve and a jet-pipe screwed into the sleeve, thus adjustably locking firmly both jet and sleeve into place.

9. In a fuel-injector, the combination of a regulating-chamber for the delivery consisting of a shell; a guide-pipe axially set in said shell; a telescoping pipe sliding upon said guide-pipe and a flared fuel-deflector borne by said telescoping pipe.

10. In a fuel-injector, the combination of an exhaust-chamber; a regulating-chamber into which a flange on said exhaust-chamber slips; a pipe extending through said regulating-chamber and inserted into the flange of the exhaust-chamber; openings between said pipe and the flange of the exhaust-chamber; a secondary injector and connections between said seoondaryinj ector and said openings into the exhaust-chamber.

11. The regulating-chamber of a fuel-injector consisting of a shell; a pipe connected with a source of fuel supply, longitudinally set in said shell and having guide-feet on its periphery; a telescoping pipe moving upon said guide-feet and an adjustable cut-off borne by said telescoping pipe.

12. .In a fuel-injector, the combination of a chamber; a pipe reciprocating in said chamber; a tubular flared fuel-deflector tapered exteriorly at its rear end borne by said pipe and forming a continuation thereof; a guid e pipe concentric with said first pipe and connected with a fuel supply and a delivery-tip extending from the forward end of the chamber.

13. In the regulating-chamber of a fuel-injector, the combination of a shell; a guidepipe in said shell; a telescoping pipe moving upon said first pipe and bearing the flared fuel-deflector, said flared fuel-deflector; said shell, guide-pipe, and flared fuel-deflector being of such relative size as to leave an annular discharge between the periphery of the forward end of said guide-pipe and the interior of the flared fuel-deflector and a second ann ular discharge between the periphery of the rear of said flared fuel-deflector and the interior forward end of the shell of the chamber, and fuel supplies for said discharge-openlugs.

ITO

14. In a fuel-injector, the combination of a primary injector for gases and liquids; a mixing-chamber in advance thereof connected with the reservoir of comminuted solid fuel; said reservoir of comminuted fuel; a velociLy-giving pipe connecting said mixing-chamber with an exhaust-chamber; a regulatingchamber connected with the exhaust-chamber and a delivery-rip connected to the regulating-chamben 15. In a governor for fne1-inject0rs,t-he combination of a shell connected with the steampressure; a cap for said shell a plunger-head