US895380A

US895380A - Combination-lock for doors.

Info

Publication number: US895380A
Authority: US
Inventors: Daniel E Lombard
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1907-08-20
Filing date: 1907-08-20
Publication date: 1908-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 1925-08-04

Description

M n a m m w w m 1 m b m 4 M N z m G. n I! M m m a w w 3 w m. 2 WW 0 3 I). E. LGMBARD. COMBINATION LocK FOR DOORS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 20. 190?; 7.1,

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WITNESSES:

No. 895,380. PA"ENTED AUG. 4, 1 D. E. LOMBAR-D. 908 COMBINATION LOCK FOP. nouns.

APPLICATION FILED AUG 20, 1907.

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. a v w Mw mmsssss N .895 380. PATENTBD AUG.41908.

11. E. LOMBARD.

COMBINATION LOCK FOR DOORS.

APPLICATIOK FILEZ AUG. 20. 1907. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I in Y mt WITNESSES INVENTOR 5W v flaniaiiiwn/Z AITORNEYS DANIEL E. LOMBARD, OF NEW YORK, Y.

COMBINATION-LOCK FOR DOORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 4, 1908.

Application filed August 20, 1907. Serial No. 389,346.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it. known that I, DANIEL E. Lonnasn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Combination- Lock for Doors, of which the following is a full, clear. and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in combination locks for doors, and more particularly to that type of lock in which the door may be opened from either side by independent operating members, one of which includes a mechanism which mustbe operated in a particular manner in order to withdraw the loci; bolt.

The main object of the invention is to provide a lock having a plurality of actuating members which must be operated in a particular and predetermined se uence in order to operate the mechanism 0 the lock and withdraw the bolt. The bolt is removed step by step as the several members are operated, and the operation of any member out of its regular order liberates the bolt and permits it to return to its normal position, whereupon it is necessary to begin the sequence over again. Itis impossible for anyone to open the door from one side unless he be in possession of the knowledge of the )roper sequence in which the members are to e operated.

The invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts, all of which will be fully set forth hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of a door provided with my improved lock, the

door being viewed from the inside; Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing the door viewed from the outside; Fig. 3 is a transverse scction through a portion of the door and the casing of the lock, said section being taken on a plane substantially parallel to and adjacent the inside of the door, and said plane being indicated by the line 3-3 of Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3, and showing the bolt, in its outermost or normal position Fig. 5 isaview similar to Fig. 4, but showing the bolt partially withdrawn; Fig. 6 is a side elevation of two rotatable cylinders and the parts atta hed thereto, said cylinders being rotated by the ush pins and operating to withdraw the b0 t; Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section through the two cylinders shown in Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is a view of the upper end of the parts shown in Fig. 6.

51y improved lock is adapted for use in connection with any form of closure or door for buildings, rooms, containers, or receptacles, but is especially adapted for use upon 'doors which are opened from either side, as,

for instance, the doors of rooms or buildings, which are to be normally locked against opening from one side but which are free to be opened from the op osite side. My improved lock is especial y adapted for front doors of buildings, as the door automatically locks upon being closed, is readily opened from the inside, and may be opened from the outside only by a person familiar with the particular sequence in which the push buttons are to be operated.

In the specific form of the lock illustrated in the accompanying drawings, I provide a rectangular casing 10 extending throughthe. door 11 and having its outer ends at the innor and outer sides of the door closed by

plates

12 and 13. The outer plate is fastened to the casing in any suitable manner, but preferably the fastening means are entirely concealed so that the plate cannot be removed from the outside. The inner plate 12 may be secured in place in any suitable manner, as, for instance, by screws 14. The door carries a bolt 15 extending out through the edge of the door and presenting a cam surface at one side thereof, whereby the bolt is automatically forced back into the door to permit the closing thereof independent of the ocking mechanism. The portion of the edge of the door adjacentthe bolt may, if desired, be reinforced and finished by a late 16. The bolt is providedwith an annu ar flange or projection 17 engaging with the inner surface of the plate and limiting the outward movement of the bolt, and between this flange and the inner wall of the casing I provide a coil spring l8 normally tending to force the bolt outward. Theinner endof the bolt extends into the casing and is provided with a shoulder or rojcction 19 with which the mechanism of t 1e lock engages to withdraw the bo t. For opening the door from the inside. I provide any suitable mechanism, for instance, a lever 20 pivoted to the late 12 and having the outer end forming a nob 2] The mner end of the lev er extends into engagement with the shoulder 19, whereby upon moving the knob from the position shown 1n Fig. 4 toward the left to the posi-.

rotated step by step upon the operating of suitable actuating members as. for instance a plurality of push buttons in the proper sequence. The second rotatable member is so constructed that it is rotated by the operating of any of the push buttons out 01 their normal order, and serves to liberate the bolt and permit its return to its outermost or extended position. More specifically, the parts involving the combination or permutation lock include a non-rotatable shaft mounted in the casing and having two

concentric cylinders

23 and 24 mounted to rotate thereon. The inner or releasing cylinder is journaled directly on the shaft 22 and the outer or operating cylinder is journaled either upon the inner cylinder or upon the shaft. In the specific form illustrated, the outer cylinder is provided with a head 25 journaled on the shaft adjacent one end of the inner cylinder 23. \Vithin the inner cylinder are two coil springs 26 and 27, each having one end thereof in engagement with the shaft and the other end in engagement with one of the cylinders, whereby both of the cylinders normally tend to rotate in one direction.

For limiting the rotation of the cylinder 24, I provide the end of the shaft adjacent the head 25 with a pin 28 extending outwardly and adapted to engage with either end of a lug 29 carried by said head 25. The spring 26 normally rotates the cylinder 24 until the pin engages with the lug at one end thereof, and mechanism is provided for rotating the cylinder in the opposite direction until the pin engages with the opposite end of the lug. F or limiting the rotation of the inner cylin der 23 and also for causing it to rotate upon the rotation of the outer cylinder, I provide two ins 30 and 31. One of these pins is carried y the head 25 and the other pin is carried by the inner cylinder, and the pins are so disposed that the spring 27 rotates the inner cylinder 23 upon the shaft until the pins engage and further rotation of the inner cylinder in the same direction independently of the outer cylinder is prevented. \Vhen the. I

outer cylinder is rotated against the action ofth'e spring 26, the inner cylinder is rotated simultaneously through the action of the

pins

30 and 31. For operating the boltby the rotation of the inner cylinder,the latter is provided with a head 32 disposed oppositely to the head 25 of the other cylinder and terminating in an outwardly directed annular ilange 33. At a suitable point on the head or the flange, there is provided a pin 34 so dbposed as to engage with the inner end of the lever 20, and upon the continued rotation of the inner cylinder forces said lever laterally, and as said lever engages with the shoulder 19 of the bolt, the latter is withdraw. and the door opened.

The iter cylinder is provided with a plurality o

circumferential slots

35, 35 and 35 corresponding in number and longitudinal spacing to the push pins 36, 36 and 36 which are operated to rotate the cylinders. The inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of circumferential rows of threaded openings directly in the rear of the slots in the outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder is provided with a circumferential row of threaded openings intermediate each two adjacent slots and atone side of one of the terminal slots. Securedwithin certain of the openings in the inner cylinder are pins 37 and secured within certain of the openings of the outer cylinder are pins 38. The pins 37 are somewhat longer than the pins 38 and extend out through the slots in the outer cylinder. All of the pins extend radially to points at substantially equal distances from the center of the shaft. there is provided a dog 39 held in operative position by a spring 40 and so disposed that it may engage with a pin of the inner cylinder or a pin of the outer cylinder as the push pin is forced inwardly. The push pin is guided in its course by its engagement with a guide rod 41, and is normally forced to its outermost position by a suitable coil spring -12 surrounding said guide rod. By forcing inwardly any one of the push pins, one or the other, or both of the cylinders will be caused to rotate if all of the pins thereon lie within the path of the dog carried by the push in. If a pin in the outer cylinder is engaget by the dog, the outer cylinder will be rotated, and through the operation of the

pins

30 and 31 the inner cylinder will also be rotated si multaneously; but if the first pin which the dog engages is one upon the inner cylinder, this cylinder alone will be rotated and the outer cylinder released in a manner hereinafter described.

For preventing the return movement of the outer cylinder, I provide a stationary toothed bar or ratchet bar 43 secured to the casing 10 and having a curved toothed section concentric with the cylinder at one end thereof. The outer cylinder is provided with a lug 44 to which is pivoted a lever 45 having a catch 46 at one end thereof adapted to engage with said ratchet bar and prevent the return movement of the cylinder after it Atthe inner end of each push pin has been rotated by the action or one or more of the push pins. The outer cylinder also carries a spring 47 engaging with the pivoted end of the lever an normally holding the catch in engagement with the ratchet bar. For releasin the catch from the ratchet bar, the inner cylinder is provided with a lug 48 presenting a cam surface which engages with a portion of the lever and serves to move the lever against the action of the spring 47 and out of engagement with the ratchet bar upon the rotation of the inner cylinder independently of the outer? cylinder. So long as the two cylinders rotate, the cam is carried with the lever and remains adjacent thereto and ready to operate the same, but does not prevent the catch on the end of the lever from engaging with the ratchet bar. As soon as the inner cylinder is rotated independently of the outer cylinder, the cam operates to remove the catch from the ratchet bar and permits the immediate return of the outer cylinder to its original position and the return of the inner cylinder as soon as the pressure is relieved on the push pin.

In the operation of my improved device, the bolt is normally forced outwardly by the spring but may be moved inwardly by the action of the lever 20 or by the closing of the door independently of the rotatable memhers, the parts carried thereby, and the push pins, which comprise the permutation or combination lock. In making up the combination, any desired number of

pins

37 and 38 are screwed into the threaded openings in the

cylinders

23 and 21 and these pins are so disposed as to permit of a rotation of the outer cylinder in any desired number of steps, as

the push pins are operated in a particular and predetermined sequence. The

pins

37 and 38 are so disposed that if any one of the push pins is operated out of its regular order, the dog 39 of said push pin will engage not with a in of the outer cylinder. ut with a pin of tlie inner cylinder to rotate the latter, and by the action of the cam hr; 48 liberate the outer cylinder and permit its return to the original position. As soon as the pressure is relieved u on the particular push pin which is cperated out of order, the inner cylinder will return and the parts will occupy the same position as at first. The pins may be so disposed that in the operating of the same in their proper se uence, the dogs thereof will not engage wit any pins until they have very nearly completed their inward stroke, and thus; will rotate the two cylinders sinmltaneously only a short distance, or the pins may be so located that they will be engaged by the dogs during the major portion of the stroke and thus the bolt may be completely withdrawn at a smaller number of operations.

Any combination desired may be given for the operation of the push pins. Considering the three push pins as hearing the numbers 1, 2 and 3, and the combination required to open the door being 22,313, the door may be opened by operating the second push pin twice, operating the third push pin once, then the first push pin once, and then the third push pin once. If the pins be operated in any other order than this it will cause a rotation of the inner cylinder independently of the outer cylinder and a releasing and returning movement of both cylinders and the bolt, and it will be necessary to begin all over again. The combination is always so selected that as the last )in of the combination is operated, the bolt Wlll be com letel y withdrawn and the inner cylinder W1 1 be rotated independently of the outer cylinder to release the catch 46. This last push pin is held in while the manipulator grasps any suitable handle or knob 49 and opens the door. As soon as the door is opened, pressure is relieved on the push pin and the bolt springs outward again to its outermost or normal position. Thus it will be seen that the pins 38 in the outer cylinder serve as operating pins for the proper rotation of the cylinders to open the door, while the pins 37 constitute releasing ins which when operated liberate the cylin ers and permit. their return movement. Normally there would be only as many pins 38 as there are numbers in the combination; that is, in the combination above referred to, 22,313, there would be five of the pins 3Stwo of them in the outer cylinder in the range of the dog of the push pin 36, two of them on the outer cylinder in the range of the dog of the push in 36 and one in the range of the dog of tie push in 36. There would be normally a consi erably larger number of the push pins 37, as they are so disposed that if any push in is operated out of its regular turn, it will e engaged with a releasing pin 37 before it engages with an o erating pin 38.

T 1e term bolt as herein used is to be in-- terpreted in its broad sense and designate any movable member carried by either the door or the door casing and movable into and out of operative position to securely fasten the door or to permit of its being opened.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a lock mechanism, the combination of a bolt, a plurality of manually-o erated actuating members, means operative y connecting each of said actuating members to said bolt, whereby when said members are operated in the proper se uence, the bolt is withdrawn, and means n hereby the operation of said actuating members out of their proper sequence releases said bolt and permits its return to its original osit-ion.

2. In alock mechanism, a olt, a plurality of manually-controlled actuating members,

a rotatable member operatively connected to said bolt, and means whereby sald member is rotated to withdraw said bolt upon the op eration of said actuating members in a pre-- determined sequence.

3. In a lock mechanism, a bolt, a plurality of actuating members, a member 0 erat-ively connected to said bolt and adapte to be 0 erat-ed by said actuating members to witl draw-the bolt, and a releasing member adapted to be operated by said actuating members when they are actuated out of a predetermined sequence to permit of the return of said bolt-operating member to its original position.

4. In a lock mechanism, a bolt, a plurality of actuating members, a rotatable member 0 eratively connected to said bolt, means w ereby said member is rotated to withdraw said bolt upon the operation of said actuating members in a predetermined sequence, and a rota table releasing member adapted to be operated by said actuating members when they are actuated out of their predetermined seuence and servin to ermit the return of said first-mentioned rotatable member to its original position.

' 5. In a lock mechanism, a bolt, a rotatable bolt-operating member adapted to withdraw said bolt, and a plurality of manually-controlled members adapted to rotate said member step by step when actuated in a predetermined sequence.

6. In a lock mechanism, a bolt, a rotatable bolt-withdrawing member, a plurality of actuating members adapted to rotate said boltwithdrawing member step by step when they are actuated in a predetermined sequence, and releasing means adapted to be 0 erated by said actuating members when trey are actuated out of their predetermined sequence to permit the return of said bolt withdrawing member to its original position.

7. In a lock mechanism, a rotatable member, a bolt adapted to be withdrawn upon the rotation of said member through a redetermined distance, actuating mem eis adapted to be operated in a predetermined sequence to rotate said rotatable member step by step, means for preventing the return rotation of said member after each step, and releasing means adapted to disengage said last-mentioned means upon the actuation of said actuating members out of their predetermined sequence.

8. In a lock mechanism, a bolt, a rota- I table operating member adapted to withdraw said bolt when rotated through a predetermined distance, a plurality of actuating members adapted to rotate said member step by step when operated in a predetermined manner, a catch adapted to prevent the return rotation of sai member after each step, and means for (lisen agmg said catch upon the operation of said actuating members in other than said predetermined manner.

9. In a lock mechanism, a bolt, a rotatable member adapted to withdraw said bolt when rotated through a predetermineddistance, means adapted to be actuated in a predetermined manner for rotating said member, means for preventing the return rotation of said member during the proper manipulation of said actuating means, and means adapted to release said member upon the operation of said actuating means in other than the predetermined manner.

10. In a lock mechanism, a bolt, an operating member for withdrawing said bolt, actuating means adapted to be operated in a predetermined manner for moving said op erating member step by step, means for preventing the return movement of said oper ating member after each step, and a releasing member for permitting the return of said operating member to its original position upon the actuation of said actuating means in other than its predetermined manner.

11. In a lock mechanism, the combination of a bolt, an operating member for withdrawing said bolt, a plurality of actuating members adapted to be operated in a predetermined sequence for moving said member ste by step, stationary means rovided with a series of teeth, a catch carrie by said operating member for engaging with said teeth and preventing the return movement of said operating member after each ste and a releasing member movable with said operating member and adapted to be operated by said actuating means independently of said movable operating mem er when said actuating members are operated in other than their proper sequence, said releasin member serving to disengage said catch and permit the return movementof said operating member.

12. A fastening device for doors, comprisin a lock mechanism, including a sliding bolt, a pivoted manually-0 erated lever in engagement with said bolt or withdrawing the same, a rotatable member'in engagement with said lever, and means adapted to be operated in a predetermined manner from the opposite side of the door from said lever,

for rotating said member and withdrawingthe bolt.

13. A fastening device for doors, including a slidable bolt, 9. manually-controlled operating member on one side of the door for withdrawin said bolt, a plurality of ush pins operable from the opposite side 0 the door for withdrawing said bolt, and a stationary handle upon the same side of the door as said push pins for opening the door.

14. A fastemng device for doors, com using a permutauon'lock including a ho t, a rotatable memb:,.r o eratively connected to said bolt, whereby t e rotation of the member withdraws the bolt, and a plurality of push pins operating in a predetermined sequence to rotate said member.

15. A fastening device for doors, comprising a ermutation lock including a bolt, two rotata le members 0 eratively connected to said bolt and adapted to withdraw the same upon their simultaneous rotation, and a plurality of push pins ada ted to operatively engage with eit..er of sai rotatable members for rotating them simultaneously or rotating one independently of the other.

16. A fastening device for doors including a bolt, two rotatable members, the first of said members being operatively connected to said. bolt, means whereby the first memher is rotated upon the rotation of the second member, and means whereby the first member may be rotated independently of the second member and operates to release said second member and permits its return to its original osition.

17. In a loc the combination of a bolt, a rotatable member operativcly engaging therewith to withdraw said bolt, a second rots; table member operating to rotate the firstmentioned memoer,.a plurality of push pins which when operated in the proper sequence rotate the second-mentioned member and when operated in other than the proper sequence rotate only the first member, and means whereby the rotation of the first member directly by said pins releases the second member and permits its return movement.

18. In a lock, the combination of a bolt, a rotatable member op eratively engaging therewith to withdraw said bolt, a second rotatable member 0 erating to rotate the firstmentioned memoer. means for normally preventing the return movement of said second member, a plurality of operating pins which when operated in the proper sequence rotate the second member and through it the first member to withdraw the bolt, and when operated in other than the proper sequence rotate only the first mem er, and means whereby the rotation of the first member independently of the second member releases said second member and permits its return movement.

19. In a lock, the combination of a bolt, a rotatable cylind er operatively en gaging therewith to withdraw said bolt, :3. second rotatable cylinder operating to rotate the firstcylinder, a plurality of operating pins which 7 when operated in the proper sequence rotate the second cylinder and through it the first cylinder to withdraw the bolt, and when operated in other than the proper sequence rotate only the first cylinder, and means whereby the rotation of the first cylinder independently of the second cylinder releases said second cylinder and permits its return movement.

20. In a lock, the combination of a bolt, a rotatable cylinder op eratively engaging therewith to withdraw said belt, a second rotatable cylinder concentric therewith and operating to rotate the first-mentioned cylinder, means for normally preventing the return movement of said second cylinder, at plurality of operating pins which when operated in the pro er sequence rotate the second cylinder an through it the first cylinder to withdraw the bolt, and when operated in other than the pro per sequence rotate only the first cylinder, and means whereby the rotation of the first cylinder independently of the second cylinder releases said second cylinder and permits its return movement.

21. In a lock, the combination of a bolt, a rotatablecylinderoperativelyengaging therewith to withdraw said bolt, a second cylinder concentric therewith and operating to rotate the first-mentioned cylinder, a plurality of radial pins carried by said cylinders, a plurality of push pins which when operated in the pr per se uence engage with the pins of the second cy inder to rotate both cylinders, and which when operated in other than the proper sequence engage with the pins of the 1st cylinder to rotate the same independently of the second cylinder, a stationary rack bar, a dog carried by said second cylinder and engaging therewith, and means carried by the first cylinder for disengaging said dog and permitting the return movement of the second cylinder upon the rotation of the first cylinder directly .,y said push pins.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DANIEL E. LOMBARD.

\Vitnesses:

H. F. WITTENBERG, J. W. LAGER.