US892012A - Crucible-furnace. - Google Patents

Description

BATENTBD ,JUNE 30, 1908.

No.8921ff12.

E. H.-SGHWARTZ. CRUGIBLE FURNAGE. APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 1e. lena.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1..

,PATENTED JUNE 30, 1908.

B. H. SCHWARTZ. CRUGIBLE PURNAE.

APPLIOATION'PILED nm. 11a. moa:l

2 SHEETS-SHEET z.

UNITED s'frArns PATENT crimen.

EDWARD H.

SCHWARTZ, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO KROESCHELL BROTHERS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

' CRUCIBLE-FURNACE.

Y No. 892,012.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented .Tune 30, 1908.

Application lefl January 16, 1908. Serial No. 411,038.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Beit known that I, EDWARD H. SCHWARTZ,

y a citizen of the United States of America,

and resident of Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Crucible-Furnaces, of which 'the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in crucible lfurnaces, and has for its object the production of a furnace in which the flame is givena gyratory action, thereby increasing the draft and the effectiveness of the furnace.

A further object is the production of a furnacein which the. danger of clogging by the overflowing of slag or material is reduced to a minimum.

.fiirther object is the production of a furnace the parts of which can bey readily assembled and disassembled, and one that is least liable to get out of order.

These and such other objects as may hereinafter appear are attained by my device,

embodiments of which, are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which v 'gure 1 represents a side elevation of my furnace. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view ofthe burner'. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view through the center of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is .a sectional view on line 1,-4 of F ig. 3, looking in the direction indicated by arrows. Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in the several figures of the drawings. Referring to the drawings-5 represents the outer cylindrical shell or casing of the furnace. A'sup'porting bottom partition 6 divides the furnace and forms a foundation for thebottom of the combustion chamber and the top for the air chamber 7 located below the combustion chamber. A circular base of'iire-brick 8 having a raised central portion 9 is first placed within the casing, sufficient space being preferably left between it and the inner periphery of the shell to permit the insertion of a lining 10 of asbestos or like material. The base 8 is provided with a plurality of openings 11-11 extending through the thinner portion thereof, a single opening 12 inner periphery or shell of the lining is provided with a groove or channel 15 extending spirally the entire length of the combustion chain ber.l A circular rim 16 is secured to the top of the casing, and to this is secured a cover 17 comprising a metallic outer portion 18 anda fire-brick lining 19. A portion of) the cover extends upwardly, forming a stack! 20 with the central opening 21. A packing 22 of asbestos or similar material is inserted between the outer portion 17 and the firebrick 19 corresponding to the asbestos lining of the main body of the furnace.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 4, a portion of the casing is cut away and a horizontal tubular yportion 23 bolted thereto, as shown at 24, having a cylindrical fire-brick 25 inside provided with a passage 26 registering with the `passage 27 from the combustion chamber. It will be noted that this tube is so placed that the outer line of the passages 26, 27 is tangential to the outer periphery of the combustion chamber. An air tube 2S is provided with an elbow 29 extending into and closingrthe passage 26. A gas supply tube 30 has a portion 31 extending into the air pi e 2S terminating iii a conical orifice 32. A va ve-stem 33 is provided with a conical end 34 adapted to register with' the orifice 32. A` bevel gear 35 is seated on the end of the. valve-seat outside of the pipe, and meshes with'an extending bevel gear 36 attached to the bottom of a handle or rod 37 which terminates in a handle 38 near the upper line of the furnace. A supporting frame 39 secured to a prolongation 40 of the valve-steniseives to hold the rod 38 in lace. A su` plcmental air pipe 41 extends townward y from the elbow 29 and is turned inwardly at 42, whereby air from said air pipe may be forced directly into the chamber 7 through the opening 43 in the air chamber.

' The furnace is placed in position with the top practically on a level with the floor.

Brass scraps or other material to be melted are placed within a crucible 44, the bottom resting on the top f the upwardly projecting base 9. The air and oil or gas is admitted through the tubes andigiiited, foiming` a flame within the combustion chamber. When oil is used as the fuel, the valvestem 33 is screwed back aid sufficiently to allow the desired amount of oil to be forced through the orifice 32 around the outer periphery ofthe conical end 34.. This oil is preferably forced through' theopehing underl forming to the position ci" considerable pressure, in the form oi a. thin sheet in the position vasshown in dotted iines @it 45.

end .of the oil tube and iines at 46. The oil is, therefore, quickly vaporized,' and the resulting mixture is ignited Within the combustion chamber. it will be noted that theedge of the passage 27 is tangentiai to the inner'periphery of the Wall of "the combustion chamber, consequently, as the ignited' mixture enters the combustion chamber and strikes the opposite Wall at di?, and is naturally forced about the chamber, the spiral groove "i5 aidingI in the. assage of the ignited gases about the com ustion. chamber, causing a gyra'tory niotion. it is evident, ii the burning vapor is admitted Without materiali pressure, that the burrung gas would tend to rise in the combustion chamber on the side' nearest the vapori/fier.

t the same tact With the oil or iiuid to be ig] time tb at air is forced into con- 'iL s ,j rituali, et

through the suppiemeniai tube 4i, el' is blown into the a chamber ',ihe ignitera gases being thronn forcibly across the bottom of the combustion chamber, and natie. rally tending to rise in glyratory ciwienls conthe s .l

an upward draft is created tending to draw the' from the air chamber 7 into the com-- bustion chamber, and Athere oy aid in the complete combustion of the ignited materiail. lt will thusbe seen that shortly after, the iurnace is lighted, the entire chamber outside oi the Crucible is a mass or" upwardly gyrating ilanies. The top oi the furnace revents the escape of the greater part oi" the urning gas, although a smali portion ordi.

narily comes out o the s'taclili. it will thus be seen that i have produced a iurnace 'especially adapted to reduce bars or other desired material in a orucible that can be entireiy surrounded by the products oi combustion. The opening l2 from the'air chamber 7 to the combustion chamber is covered byA the bottom of the cruciiile Lie. The bottom of the Crucible, as Well as the top oi' the upwardly projecting portion 9 are not so smooth as to render the union therebetween perfect. Consequently suicient air passes upwardly through this passage and between the bottom of the Crucible and the top of the support to prevent the crucible from sticking to the top of the sup ort, and also prevents the formation of s ag therebetween. @i course, during the melting of the contents orp the crucible the slag will often be forced over -lthe edge and down through the bottom of So, also, seine beliused to the he the combustion chamber. portionspif the lining itself may under the intense heat and be carried The air through the' pipe or tube 28' passes around the meets thelthin sheet of oii asshown in dotted' essere intense heat, be a state, and readily run down through the passages i-l i through the bottom and into the air chamuberzirom 'which it can: be removed from time to time. The cover oi the furnace and 'all oai-ts thereof are removable, so

that inthe event that it becomes necessai 'any portion oi' the furnace can be quie renewed.

i claim:

i. A furnace comprising an outer-casing, an in ier hrung oi refractory materiai, a crucibie support, 'and means for imparting a gyratory motionto the flame and products of combustion, and lan air chamber in open communication with the combustion chamf.

ber ci said furnace.

e iurnaco comprisingtan outer casing,

an inner hrung of rei'ractorymaterial, a base j inateriai, a crucibie support, imparting a gyra-tory inaction lo products of combustion, and in open communifation with, the eomousiic`V :hambei ci mici furnacel" v 3 l ce con@l ing an outer casing, ring or refrectorv material, a base oriai, said base having an oi .retracto meano i the iis-.me and an air opening i-, support, means for imparting agyratory motion to the 'Frame and products of com busti/on, iid an chamber in open comw monica with the combustion chamber' of said urnace.

n combu ion chamber,

com1

an anv chamber in tending tangentiaiiy from combustion chamber, and

with' said passage'.

5. i comprising a spirally giooved combustion chamber, an vair chamber in communication therewith a *cassa K J u.

t lv Eroml said coiiibu l cham;- oer, a vaporizcr, commumcatmgrnth said passage, and a supplemental tubo. co'iinect ing the air supply oi said vaporijzer'with the air chamber. c

o. in a furnace, a combustion chamber, an outer casing, an inner iiniiig ci refractory materiai having a spiral channel in its inner periphery, an air chamber below said comn bustion chamber and in communication with said combustion chamber, a. vaporizer com prising an air suppiyg an oil supply, and means vtor regulating said supply.

7 in a furnace, a combustion chamber, an oluter casing, an inneri iiiiiiig oi refractory material having a spiral charmeA in its inner periphery, an air chamber below said coinbustion chamber and in communication with said combustion chamber, a va orizer comprising an air supply, an oil. supp y and means for reguiating said supply, and a tube leading iron seid air suppiy to said air chambei:

tirirethrough, a crucibie arterial 'unece comprising spirally grooved ico ,nication therewith, al, passage eX. c

vaporizer commumcating 'Y los It l@ S. A furnace comprising a casing, a combustion chamber, means for imparting a gyratory motion to the ame and products of combustion, an apertured base, an air chamber below said combustion chamber in communication therewith and with the atmosphere, and vaporivzing means communi- 1eating With said combustion chamber.

9. A furnace comprlsing a spirally groovecl z d combustion chamber, an air chamber in communication therewith, a passage extending tangentially from said combustion chamber, avaporizer communicating with said passage, and a communicating pipe connecting the air supply of said vaporizer with said 15 air chamber.

10. A furnace comprising a spirally grooved combustion chamber, an air chamber in communication therewith, and a fuel feeding passage opening tangentially into 20 said combustion chamber. y

Signed by me at Chicago, Illinois, this 7th ay of January, 1.908.

EDWARD H. SCHWARTZ.

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