US1743674A - Furnace front - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 14, 1930. J, g, JOHN'S'QN 1,743,674

FURNACE FRONT A Filed April 25, 1927 IIIIIII/I/II/Ib7i IN V EN TOR.

E15. .2 JESSE c, JOHNSON A TTORNEYS.

Patented Jan. 14, 1930 UNETED STATES PATENT oeFice TO s. r, JOHNSON 00., or

FURNACE FRONT Application filed April 25,

This invention relates to the construction of a furnace front adapted for use in connection with oil burners, in which the fuel is projected through an opening in the furnace wall and simultaneously mixed with air for combustion. One of the objects is to provide an auxiliary annular channeled air duct for the admission of atmospheric air, entirely surrounding the burner atomizer opening provided. in the furnace front plate and in spaced relation thereto, to deliver the required air supply uniformly to the flaming combustible so that each particle of fuel will be supplied with its required amount of oxygen for complete combustion within the cone of fuel as well as on the outside surface. My invention will be best understood from the following description and the annexed drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View ofthe construction of my invention; and

Fig. 2 a front Viewon line 22 of Fig. 1 with a portion of some of the parts removed to show the construction. 7

Like reference characters indicate like parts in the difierent views.

In the carrying out of my invention, the refractory wall 10 of any suitable furnace is provided with an opening 11, against which a cast iron plate 12 is secured to the furnace front plate 14 by any convenient means such as bolts 13. The furnace plate 12 is provided with acentrally disposed frusto-conical, in-' 5 wardly extending annular wall member 15. Surrounding this wall member 15, integral with the plate member 12, and at right angles thereto, I provide a cylindrical member 16, said member 16 being in spaced relation to said member 15 and extending beyond the same for some distance into the combustion chamber of the furnace. he space thus former between the members 15 and 16, on the interior side of the furnace plate .12, is filled in with plastic refractory material 17. A pocket is provided within the material 17, to allow the installation of a pilot burner for the purpose of igniting the burner when starting in operation. (Not shown.)

5-0 An atomizer type of oil burner B tobe 1927. Serial No. 186,502.

used with this device,is adapted to be placed in pos t1on with itsatomizing nozzle 'A extending into the furnace combustion chamber, centrally of said frusto-conical Wall member 15.

Surrounding and in spaced relation thereto, I provide an additional cylindrical member 18, at right angles to, and integral with, the plate member 12, and extending into the combustion chamber of the furnace the same distance as said member 16. The interior and exterior walls of said members 16 and 18, respectively, form a circular channel 19, having its outlet openmg. extending into the combustion chamber, surrounding said member 15 in'spaced relatron, the purpose of which is hereinafter more fully described.

The lower part or bottom of said member 18 is outwardly flared towards said furnace plate 12, thus wideningthe distance between the members 16 and 18 to communicate with a rectangular opening 20 provided inthe furnace plate 12 and forming an air inlet passage for the admission of an auxiliary volume of atmospheric air to the furnace through said circularchannel 19 in addition to the air blast developed 'by the fan blades of the burner. The air inlet passage20 is wider than the circular channel 19 formed by members 16 and 18, and is connectedtherewith by a flaring passage 21.

Arranged in the air inlet passage 20 is a damper 22 or fiat butterfly valve which is operative to vary the area of the air passage and hence the volume of atmospheric air passmg into the combustion chamber. The damper 22 is mounted on a shaft 23 journaled in the furnace front plate 12.

This mode of construction, in providing a circular channel for the admission of additional atmospheric air to the flaming com bustible, asprojected by the burner blower, 18 of great importance, as it forms a means whereby complete diffusion of the gases incident to the proper burning is effected. It is well understood bythose versed in the art that in the burning of liquid fuel complete combustion is attained when the carbon, or combustible matter in the fuel, is burned to the cylindrical member 16,

form CO gas, liberating 14,500 B. t. 11. per pound of carbon and that incomplete combustion follows when thecarbon is burned to form CO gas, yielding but 4,450 B. t. u. per pound of carbon. \Vhen an atom of carbon is brought in contact With an atom of oxygen at a sufficiently high temperature, combustion takes place forming CO gas, and un- 7 less this CO molecule so formed meets another atom of oxygen before its temperature has fallen, it will pass off throgh the smoke stack as CO gas, carrying with it of the heat units which it is capable of yielding. The large voluminous flame resulting from the burning of liquid fuel by the atomizing process, therefore requires an additional large supply of atmospheric air, to insure that every CO molecule be supplied with that other atom of oxygen necessary to complete combustion.

By projecting the finely divided fuel oil, mixed with the air blast of the burner blower, into the combustion chamber, and the provision of the circular channel herein referred to, for the admission of an additional regulated volume of atmospheric air to the flaming combustible, a means has been effected whereby every moleculeof CO gas simultanenously with its formation is met by and combines with the other atom of oxygen to the immediate formation of C0 The CO molecule and the oxygen are here placed in contact with each other by the swirling action induced by the atomizer to insure their combination.

I claim:

In combination with a furnace Wall hav ing an opening therein, a plate covering said opening and having a central frusto-conical opening therein, an atomizer type oil burner in said central opening, spaced cylindrical members surrounding said conical opening in spaced relation to form an annular air di recting channel, the outer end thereof being closed by said plate, and the open end thereof extending into the furnace chamber and beyond said frusto-conical opening, means for admitting air to the annular channel member, and means for controlling the passage of atmospheric air through said channel member. 7

In testimony whereof I have affixedmy signature.

JESSE O. JOHNSON.

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