US882435A - Flying-machine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 882,435. I PATENTED MAR. 17

T. J. WHALEN.

FLYING MACHINE. AiPLIQATION FILED OCT. 13, 1906.

3-SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR THOMAS J.WHA LEN Wad/Z:

A TTOHNEYS No. 882,435. PATENTED MAR. 17, 1908.

' T. J. WHALEN.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 0GT.13, 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES By m? body of the machine.

UNITED PATENT OFFTGE;

THOMASJ. WHALEN, OF MIDDLEBROOK, VIRGINIA.

FLYING-MACHINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 17. 1908.

Application filed October 13, 1906. Serial No. 338,781.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS J. l/VHALEN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Middlebrook, in the county of Augusta and State of Virginia, have invented a Flying- Machine, of which the following is a specification.

M invention is in the nature of a flying mac inc, and it consists .in the novel construction and arrangement of the body frame, propelling devices and steering de- "vices, WhlCll I Wlll now proceed to describe gas bag. Fig. '4 is a pers ective view from the front, somewhat s i ar to Fig. 2, but showing the paddles of the front propeller wheels. Fig. 5 is a pe'rs ctive view of the ig. 6 is a cross-section of the same 'on line 6 6 of Fig. 5, and

' Fi 7 is an enlarged section of one of the bottom of the frame representing v outrigger supports.-

7 hu s of the propeller wheels.

Similar reference letters indicate the same parts in all the views. As shown in Fig. 3, a buoyant gas bag- M is employed as an auxiliary means of sup-. porfi, but if practicable this may be dispensed wit A, A, B, B, C, C, re resents the skeleton frame of-the body which is shaped as a right angular triangular aeroplane having at the front A, A,a sharp horizontal edgeand diverging with an increased hei ht dimension to the rear end B, O, C. The

the hypotenuse is designedto occupy a slight angle to the horizonta the front end being raised, so that the bottom surface will tend to rise on the air as the machine advances.

Transversely across the top of the frame are two rotating shafts E, E, see Figs. 1 and/ 2,-on the ends of which are carried the proeller wheels hereafter described.- The shafts F extend out a considerable distance on either side of the body frame in order to give room for the paddles of the propeller wheels and these shafts are su ported by outwardly projecting rigid arms projectmg horizontally at right angles to the frame and forming The shafts. are joura .ve'rtical or verticalnaled in bearings e, e, on top of the frame and also in bearin s formed in an enlargement at the end of eac 1 arm ,1), as seen in Fig. 7.

To rotate the shafts 11sec Fig. 1, an on:

gine 1 turns a shaft 2, which bears a sprocket wheel 3. A chain belt 4 connects the sprocket wheel with another s rocket wheel 5 fixed on a transverse shaft 6. On the shaft 6 are keyed two sprocket wheels 7, 7, which by means of two chain belts 8, 8, turn sprocket wheels 9, 9, on the propeller shafts E, E. At each end of each shaft E there is a propeller wheel, the paddles V of which are hung upon radial spoke arms E Fig. 2, and which paddles are adjustable around their radial arms as axes so that the planes of the paddles may be changed as the wheels rotate. The radial arms E are three in number and are rigidly attached to a central hub -E, which is rigidly fixed on the ends of the shafts E.- The outer ends of the radial arms are all connected to a circular hoop or tire T which braces the arms and holds them against bending;

The ropeller paddles V are arranged to strike they 1pass down in front on their revolution an t en after passing the middle vertical line below the shaft they turn ed ewise or toward lane as seen in ig. 1, and thus rise throug the air with but little resistance. The down stroke of the paddles meets great resistance a amst the air and consequently produces a buoyant effect on the machine which lifts it up and also moves it forward. The arran ement of the three paddles for each prope ler wheel is a very important one. These three paddles are distributed an equal distance apart, (120 de rees) around the cir- 'cumference and this allows me to use very lar e and wide blade panels or vanes for the pa dles which may be turned on their individual axes, without interfering with each other in turning, thus giving a powerful atland horizontally upon the air as strokeagainst the air applroximating the efliciency of a birds wing. he spacing a art of the paddles, 120 degrees, also gives su icient clearance for the air as to avoid carrying dead air, thus increasingthe lifting and propelling efficiency. To im art this rotary adjustment to the vanes V about their axial arms E the paddles near the axial, center have each a rigid pin p, see Fi s. 4 and 7, that plays ina cam groove g in a stationary enlargement on'the outer end of each shaft support D.

, cam-groove is waved so as to alternately ,to the lane of the hoop T and then to a lane 'um, or any light material and they are-held paddles.

are employed. The upper one'Y, see Fig. 3,

to cause the machine to rise or descend.

connecting the outer ends of said three arms and three relatively wide blade panels axially "oop. mounted along their middle lines on the raprodial arms and-means for changing their plane turn the paddle V to a position at right angles coinci ent with the vertical plane of the As the two shafts thus rotate the four peller wheelsbeat down forcibly uponthe air (pf action in sequence as describe infront of their axes, lifting the i1 ing'rna- 2. A flying machine. comprising a car chine, but use edgewise in rear'of't eir axes I frame made in trian ular sha e with a sharp with comparatively little resistance. The I horizontal edge at iront am gradually inpadclles V are made of a light skeleton frame I creasing in vertical height to the rear, motor covered on one side by canvas, silk, alumini I'mechanism within the same, four outwardly extending arms rigidly attached to the car .frame an having bearings at their outer ends as two rotating shafts arranged in said bearings in the-arms and rovided with paddles adjustable about radial axes.

3. A flying machine, comprising a car frame having outwardly projectin rigid arms provided at theirout'erends Wifil shaft bearin s' and a waved cam, rotary shafts j ourna ed on said arms and having at their ends rigid hubs with radial spolres'and paddles hinged about the nected to the waved stationary cam to be turned to difl'erent lanes. 1

and braced a uniform distance apart in the hoo s or tire T connecting the outer ends of tie radial arms forming the axes of said As shown there are but two shafts to carry two propeller I may, owever, and propeller,

E, E, eachdesigned wheels, one at each end. use any number of shafts E wheels that may be desired.

On each side of the aeroplane bo'dy, see Figs. 5 and 6, are formed overhanging chambers X whose bottoms a: are slightly above the bottom of the aeroplane at the rear and parallel with the top of the aero lane. The bot-toms of the overhanging c ambers are made of glass for observation purposes to permitthe occupants of the car to look down toward the earth when in flight without risk. These overhanging side chambers also form storage com artments for carrying ballast, provisions, etc. -The bottoms a; of the over hanging side chambers are sufficiently above. the bottom of the car as not to come in contact with the earth when at rest, thus pro-- tecting the glass from being broken. To steer the machine two rudders X and Z 4. A flying mac body made as a ri ht triangle having a flat bottom with horizontal'sharp 'ed e front anda gradually increased vertical toward the rear.

5. An aerial car having a triangular shaped body with a sharp horizontal front edge to form an aeroplane and having overhangin side chambers with glazed bottoms arrange above the bottom of the car.

6.- A flying machine lifting and wheel, consisting of a rotary sha bearing three e ually spaced radial arms, a circumis arranged about a vertical axis and is for ferentia ring. connecting the outer ends of steering to the right or left and the lower one said three arms, and three relatively wide ipropelling Z is arranged about a horizontal axis, and isblade anels axially mounted along their middle ines on the radial arms, and means for changing their planes of action in sequence.

7. A right angle triangular shaped aerial car having a sharp horizontal front edge and a maximum, vertical height at the rear, with a door in the rear end, a rudder on a horizontal axis below said door, and a rudder on a vertical axis above said door.

THOMAS J. WHALEN.

These rudders may be worked by suitable arms and cables in the usual way. 4

To give access to the interior of the car a dooris arranged-at the rear and deeper end of the car as seen in Fig. 5.

1. A flying machine, comprising a car frame, a motor mechanism and lifting and l propelling devices consisting of two rotary shafts each hearing at each end three equally spaced radial arms, a circumferential ring! Witnesses JOHN J. FLAVIN, JosEPH L. WHALEN.

vine having an aeroplane thickness radial spokes and con-

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