US1879857A - Aircraft - Google Patents

Description

I. SCHAFRAN Sept. 27, 1932.

AIRCRAFT Filed July 16 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l m m T N 2 m 2 w 07 C S w c a M Sept. 27, 1932. SCHAFRAN 1,879,857

AIRCRAFT Filed July 16. 1930 2Sheets-Shee t 2 INVENTOR /saac Sc/mfran BY QLLLV WM,

ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 27, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT EOFFICE ISAA C SCHAFR-AN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONEHALF .TO ISIDOR THORNSCHEIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

AIRCRAFT Application filed July 16, 1930. Serial No. 468,279.

This invention relates to improvements in flying machines and more particularly to machines of monoplane type.

One object of the present invention is to provide an aeroplane in which the wings are attached to the body at an angle whereby an increased lifting effect is produced without corresponding spread.

A further feature is in the provision of'a plurality of balanced propellers, each arranged on the upper surface of the wings in tandem, adjacent the body and so disposed as to avoid interferingwith the vision of an operator.

Another purpose is to provide means, actuated by the air blast from the propellers, whereby a lifting efiect of the aeroplane is produced.

A still further aim is to provide means which operate materially to sustain the aeroplane in the air should a mishap occur, or in landing.

These and other advantageous objects are attained by the novel design, construction,

combination of parts hereafter described, and

shown in the accompanying drawings, forming a material part of thisdisclosure, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of one complete embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational View of the same.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevational view of the helicopter and its conoidal casing.

Fig. -i is alongitudinal sectional view of the same. 7

Fig. 5 is afurther enlarged fragmentary top plan view of the conoidal casing.

The fuselage of the aeroplane designated by the numeral 10 is the usual type, having a rounded front end 11, and reduced at the tail portion 12, as is common.

A pair of wheels 13 extend downwardly below the main portion of the body and a skid 14: is arranged below the rear portion, which also carries elevators 15 and a rudder '16.

Attached at the forward portion of the body are two wings 17 of any preferred cross section, these wings being rigidly secured at divergent angles relative to the center line of the body, their outer ends extending rearwardly and provided with ailerons 18 near their outer ends, these wings being partially supported by struts 19 extendingoutwardly from the-body-sides.-

At a point rearwardly of the body are at.-

tached other wing members 20, extending at right angles to the center line, their position bein between the ailerons 18, as best seen in Fig. 1. v Mounted on the upper surface of the wings 20, are supports21 for casings 22, presenting a segment of a cone and open at both top and bottom. These casings are rigidly aifixed to A the Wings 20 and contain openings respectiveterious effect of spiral air currents. Posts 26, rigid on the planes 20, rotatablv I support at their upper ends blades 27 adapted to rotate within the lower or base portion of the casings, these blades being provided near their outer ends with transverse vanes 28 and r are freely rotated. These vanes are so positioned as to obtain a-turbine effect from the back stream of the propellers. Another important function for the openings 24 resides in the fact that tail winds may readily enter the casings 22, impinge upon the vanes 28 and rotate the blades 27, thus materially assisting in the lift as well as the propulsion of the ship.

The driving propellers 3O consist of a series of four double blades mounted onshafts 32 carried in'bearings 33 fixed on the upper forward surface of the wings 17 p and are driven by chain connection 34 with a motor, not shown, in the forward end of the fuselage.

Preferably these propellers, four of which are used .on each of the two shafts,have two blades, each disposed transversely one to another, and so, arranged that the air blast from them is directed rearwardly to enter the openings 23 in the conical casings 22 and impinge against the vanes 28.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the blades 27 are acted upon and caused to move at a high velocity by the air current from the propellers acting effectively as a means for lifting and also providing a degree of lateral stability, while the shape of the conical cas-1 ing acts measurably to aid in the lifting as be driven thereby, and a conical casing substantially enclosing each helicopter.

Signed at New York city, in the county and State of New York, this 10th day of July,

ISAAC SOHAFRAN.

well asto prevent a sudden drop, in the manner of aparachute.

Thus the back stream currents produce two useful effects, one in driving the revolvable,

7 the descent of the aeroplane.

lVhile certain preferred embodiments of this device have been shown and and described, it will be understood that changes in the form, arrangements, I proportions, sizes and details thereof may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is: e

1. The .combination with an aeroplane body, of a pair of wings rigidly attached to said body at their inner ends to extend at equal angles rearwardly, a second pair of wings at right angles to the body, propellers mounted on the upper surfaces of the first Wings, and conical casings on the second Wings, said casings having inlet and outlet openings for the air blast from said propellers. 7 i

2. In an aeroplane having a body provided with wings at its forward portion, a second pair of. wings rearwardly remote therefrom, propellers on the upper surface of the forward wings disposed on horizontal axes, conical casings on the second Wings having openings for the inlet and outlet of air currents, said casingshaving interior upright undulations, blades freelyrotatable on the axes of said casings, and means for said blades to receive the air currents for aiding in rotatingthe blades.

3. In an aircraft, the combination with propellersand airfoils, of means adapted to utilize the back stream of the propellers for aiding in lifting the craft, said means. consisting of helicopters withinc'onical casings.

4. In an aircraft, the combination with the propellers and airfoils, of helicopters disposed in the back-stream of the'propellers to.

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