US881541A - Anchor. - Google Patents

Description

N0.3a1,541. PATENTED MAR.10,1908.

' R. W. BUGKLBY, Jg. l

' ANGHUR. -APPLmATmN FILED JULY 18.*190'1.

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RICHARD W. BUCKLEY, JR., OF NEW YORK, N.

ANCHOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led July 18, 1907.

Patented March 10, 1908.

Serial No. 384,443.

lan anchor which may be quickly and economically constructed in various sizes to suit the conditions under which it is to be used, and which can be given any desired 4weight without becomingfprohibitive in cost, while at the same time being durable and efficient.

With these general `objects in view, my invention, broadly considered, comprises an anchor having a reinforced concrete crown and fluke portion or holding member, and a' shank comprising a metallic tension member, by means of which the load istransmitted from the structure or element to be anchored to the reinforced concrete crown and fluke portion.

The preferred embodimentv of my invention will now be described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and then particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a central sectional view partly in elevation, of an anchor embodying my invention. Fig. 2 a plan of the crown and fluke portion, the shank being shown in section.

Referring to the drawings, A is a shank of metal, such, for example, as iron or steel, in the present instance, constructed ofa continuous bar of metal doubled upon itself, a

loop or eye al being formed at the head for the attachment of the anchor to the cable, rod or other member it is desired to anchor. The lower ends of the rod are spread outward radially to form arms a.

Transversely to these arms are arranged suitable reinforcing devices, such as the bars C which in the present embodiment of the invention rest upon the arms a', the bars being symmetrically arranged and decreasing in length from the center toward the outside of the crown and fluke portion, preferably so that the extremities of these bars lie substantially in a circle. The outer transverse bars are preferably encircled by the ends of the arms a.

At the head of the shank, just below the loop or eye a the shank is reinforced by a collar or band a2, and near the crown end of the shank, the said shank is reinforced by suitable means, as for example, two collars or bands c3, a4 the former being arranged to come flush with the inside surface of the concrete.

Around the arms a and bars O is cast the concrete or similar plastic material which forms the crown and fluke portion, this being preferably convex on its outer surface and concave on its inner surface, and having a circular form in plan, as shown in Fig. 2. This circular concrete crown and fluke portion B is somewhat larger in diameter than the diameter of the circle in which lie the extremities of the bars C andthe mar in of the concrete is protected by an annu ar curbplate indicated at D, this curb-plate having an exterior flange d and an inner flange d. This curb-plate is held to the concrete in any suitable way, but preferably by pins d2 secured to the underside of the plate D and bedded in the concrete while the same is plastic. It is to be noted that these pins extend into thev concrete at an angle to the face of the curb-plate, so that the latter cannot be removed without breaking the concrete.

It will be observed that by a construction such as above described, the load to be held is transmitted by the shank A to the reinforcing means, such as the arms a and bars O, and is then distributed by them through the concrete mass, thus rendering it possible to keep the strain er unit area on the concrete within the usua limits allowed in practice. Furthermore, since the cost of concrete is low and only a com aratively small amount of metal is require for reinforcing it, it is possible with my invention to employ a land anchor of dimensions much larger than would be commercially practicable if metal only were used, since the cost of such large masses of metal would be prohibitive. As a result of this possibility of largely increasing the size of the anchor, the area of distribution may be largely increased, so that it becomes possible to obtain the desired anchorage at a less depth and in softer ground than would be commercially possible with anchors made wholly of metal. Furthermore, the increase of size brings with it the advantage of a material increase in weight, which assists in producing the required anchoring effect. Furthermore, by the mushroom shape of the anchor I attain the important advantage that the earth above the anchor tends to crowd toward the shank instead of being forced outward, thus materially adding to the security of the anchorage and, at the saine time, this mushroom shape becomes possible with concrete largely because of the support given to the outer margin of the concrete by the means for supporting said outer margin, such as the metalhc curb-plate D, which acts as a hoop or band to prevent the concrete margin from deecting backward under its load with the danger of breaking.

It is to be borne in mind that the( holding area of the anchor increases as the square of the diameter, so that the margin protected by the curb-plate D becomes a very important factor in the amount of anchorage surface which it furnishes.

An important feature 'of my invention which contributes largely to the successful use of concrete is the use of a shank made wholly of metal, since this can be made of wrought iron or steel of high tensile strength without disadvantageous increase in the total cost of the anchor, and hence can be sufficiently elastic so as to avoid the transmission of sudden shocks or jars to the solid concrete which might otherwise be injured thereby.

Owing to the small diameter of the shank and the concavo-convex form of the concrete mass, any slight change in the direction of the pull upon the eye of the shank will not injure the anchorage, since the anchor can shift to a slight extent, rolling on its crown, thereby insuring that the load is transmitted always in an axial direction.

Another important advantage of a land anchor of my invention is that the metal portion 1s light enough to be readily transported,

while the holding portion, being of concrete, l

can be readily molded at the anchorage even in an earthen form or mold, thus avoiding the transportation of an integral heavy mass.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is

l. An anchor having a holding member of reinforced concrete provided with a concave upper surface and means for reinforcing the margin of said concrete.

2. In a land anchor, the combination, with a metallic shank, arms connected to said shank, and bars arranged transversely to said arms, of a mass of concrete inclosing said arms and bars. v

`3. In a land anchor, the combination, with a metallic shank, arms extending radially from said shank, and bars bearing against said arms, of a mass of concrete inclosing said arms and bars.

4. In a land anchor, the combination, with a metallic shank, arms extending radially from and formed integral with said shank, and bars arranged transversely to said arms and decreasing in length from the shank toward the outer ends of the arms, of a circular mass of concrete inclosing said arms and bars.

5. In a land anchor, the combination, with a metallic shank, of a holding member formed of reinforced concrete connected to said shank, and means independent of the reinforcing means and arranged to support the outer margin of the concrete.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afIix my signature in the presence of 'two witnesses.

RICHARD W. BUCKLEY, JR.

Witnesses:

Josnrn P. BICKERTON, Jr., THEoDoRn S. BARNES.

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