US881035A - Method of making a dustless road-surface. - Google Patents

Description

No. 881,035. I PATENTED MAR. 3, 1908.

' B. H. THWAITE.

METHODOP MAKING A DUSTLESSROAD SURFACE.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 9. 1907.

2 SHEBTSSHEET 1.

No. 881,035. PATENTED MAR. 3, 1908. B. H. THWAITE.

METHOD OF MAKING A DUSTLESS ROAD SURFACE.

APPLIOATION FILED DEC. 9. 1907.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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BENJAMIN H. THWAITE, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

EETHOD OF MAKING A DUST-LESS ROAD-SURFACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 3, 1908.

Application-filed December 9, 1907. Serial No. 405,730.

To all whom it may con Be it knownthat I, ENJAMIN HOWARTH THWAITE, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at London, England, have invented a certain new and useful Improved Method of Making aDustless Road-Surface, of which the following is a specification. My invention relates to a method of securing the efficient surfacing of roadways and also the binding of the materials constituting roadways by means of hydrocarbons, such as tar and pitch, and thereby producing a (lustless roadsurface.

To effect a more perfect and permanent binding of the 'roadwa particles, I reliminarily heat the tar and hquid pitch fluid, upto a temperature that will secure the removal of any contained moisture, so,that no steam will be 'eva orated during-the subsequent heating of t e tar. I feed this preliminarily heated fluid tar and pitchinto a suitable apparatus, where it' is'raised to a tem erature his tarfluid is, by the effect of hot air pressure,

forced into the roadway surface in fineand uniformly distributed jets, free from water or steam. Now in order to eflectively secure I cry of the roller, or oil lamps,

' WhlCli is made the binding of the materials, constituting. the roadway surface, with the heated hydrocarbons, I preliminarily heat the roadway is applied. I

' I effect the heating of the roadway surface by meansof a road roller so constructed as to permit the ollow, to be heatedto a comparativelyhigh temperature, say 500- Fah, or even higher. v

The roller may be heated b means of a petroleum spray, or other liqui or solid comust1b1e agent, introduced through the hollow shaft,'or applied directly to the periphcoke cradles, or other heating devices may e suspended from the axle of the roller such heatmg devices having weighted pendulum rods, so that .they remain vertical during the rotation of the roller. roller passes over and in contact withthe road surface it heats such roadway surface and evaporates the moisture from the surface of the silicious and other constituents forming the roadway surface, and thus assists insecuring the binding effect of the heated h drocarbons, on the constituent par ticles be ore mentioned.

lperiphery of such apparatus,

Now as the heated periphery of the The roller may be passed over the road surface more than once in order that the desired evaporating effect may be obtained.

The last passage of the roller is immediately in advance of the s raying machine. By the distribution of lsuc water-free compound of tar and pitch (heated to the temperature specified) on to 'the preliminarily heated roadway surface, I obtain a tenacity ofadherence. The result is'the consolidation of ,the roadway surface by means of a hydrocarbon environment.

- In order to sim lify the apparatus forthe dual heating of t e compound of pitch and tar, I prefer to divide such apparatus into two compartments, one of which constitutes the feed compartment, which is an open vessel, and into which the tar and pitch can be directly introduced; the other compartment consisting of a closed and pressure sustaining one, being the, compartment in which the temperature is increased to the degree defined. The liquid tar and itch. are

pumped from the open vessel into t e closed one, and air is also pumped therein'to establish any desired ressure, to assistjn ejecting and s raying t e hot hydrocarbon fluid throng a distributing. perforated pipe. A common flue and furnace serves for heating both compartments of the apparatus. 1

Of course I may. employ the two vessels,

one for feeding preliminarily heated tar and pitch and the other for distributing such cornlpound on to the roadway.

T e pumps I employ -to feed the liquid hydrocarbons into the feed and into the distributing vessel or compartments are equipped With a ball ty e, of non-return valves; they are driven y sprocket and chain or other, mechanical gearmg from the axle of thefeed and spreading machine 'or apparatus.

' may utilize two independent air and hot tar pumpsdriven as described, or I may employ one pump only, so arranged as to pump oth air and fluid, pitch and tar, into the closed and pressurecompartment.

In order to secure the effective spraying of the liquid tar and pitch, by the compressed alr, oriother vapor or gases, stored m the space over the liquid hydrocarbons,

and wwhich space is connected by valvular connections to the distributin tail pi e, I employ acone shaped nozzle, y who the air aspires or drains and mixes with the'fluid hydrocarbons before the latter enter such distributing tribute d thro way surface.

When it is desired to make a temporary application of. my system, I employ a tar or pitch and tar feed only, into which I introduce a small roportion of water to aid the spraying qua ities of the compressed air. Such admixture of water with the tar makes the system independent of the use ofthe air pumps for tem orary or special purposes where the comp ete dehydration of the tar is not essential.

Referring to the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification Figure 1 shows the spray distributing end-view of the anti-dust machine, Fig. 2 is the fire door end-view showing the tar pressure pump, andFig. 3 represents a side elevation of the apparatus showing the two tar containers. Fig. 4 represents the end view of the heating road roller, and Fig. 5 is a section thereof. Fig. 6 illustrates in section the distributing pipes.

. A is the tar feed container, into whichthe tar is fed through the lid or door A and thence is pumped through a filter box C (shown in dotted lines) by means of the gump D, and delivered into the container under pressure through the connecting pipe F. r i

The tar.in both containers A and E is heated by means of a furnace flue G having an internal, or it may be external firegrate H. The chimney I serves to take away the products of combustion. V

The hot tar is supplied to the tar spray dispiple, .by. which they are disug perforations on to the roadtributing pipe hereinafter described throu hthe valve equipped outlet J. The high y heated tar is sprayed by air pressure supplied by one or both of the pum s D and D, this pressure of air being app ied to the space over the tar and serves to eject the highly heated tar through the valve equi ped outlet J and through theperforations o the distribution pipe K. When it is desired to further spray the heated tar, the air under-pressure iscaused to flow from the container B by means of pipes L from which it flows through the tar spray distributing rear pipe K effectively spraying the hot tar is it leaves the nozzles or perforationsof such pipe K.

1 shows the tar spray distributing pipe K more clearly, as well as the tar flow valvular outlet connections and the air pipes L.

Fig. 2 shows the air and tar pumps D and D, the-pumps being actuated by the sprocket I rear wheels P.

wheels M, driven, by link chain, orother gear from a sprocket wheeli-N- on the axle O of the A valve equipped connection Q in Fig. 2 permits metallic tu'bing'to be rapidly coupled, thus allowing the tar from an ordinary dustless road surfaces which consists in ing a highly heated body over the roa surface to dehydrate and heat the same, and

equipped with a coke-fire basket 2 or other equivalent fire or burneiy-such as that produced by petroleum oil. This fire-basket 2 is kept in vertical position, more or less perfect by means of the pendulum or hanging or suspended weight 8, the whole being carried by movable or loose collars 4 on the central axis or s indle 5.

he the or flame supplied in the basket 2 of perforated plate iron heats the heavy rim 6 of the road'roller and the rim in its rotation transfers the heat on to the road surface, r'..pidly-evaporating the moisture from the road surface, and from immediately beneath it, before the heated spray is applied. The appara tus is dragged in front of the tar spray machine above described. Fig. 6 is an enlarged section of Va lve equipped outlet J Fig. 1, but slightly modified as to position of'tar valve.

The highly heated tar escapes from the heated tar container B, through the valve 7., Fig. 6 and air under pressure from the pipe L meets the tar in the valvular-chamber J at the ;mouth of the cone shaped nozzle 8 by which the spreading action of the tar is increased throu h the as irator influence of dustless road surfaces consisting in artificially heating the road surface and immeditoprovide a covering.

2. The herein described method of making dustless road surfaces which consists in dehydrating the road surface by the application of artificial heat directly thereto and immediately spraying the surface thus treated with a heated liquid hydrocarbon. g t

3. The herein described method of making assimmediately spraying heated hydrocarbon thereon before appreciable cooling of said surface.

4. The hereindescribed method of making dustless road surfaces which consists in artificially heating the road surface to dehydrate .100 ately spraying heated hydrocarbon thereon the same and to ,eflect a thorough binding thereof, and spraying heated hydrocarbon on the surface thus treated toprovide a waterproof wearing surface. v

In testimony whereof I have hereuntoset my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesse-s; f

. p B. H. THWAITEI Witnesses:

' GEO. HARRISON,

ALEXANDER W. ALLEN.

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