US880847A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

G. WESTINGHOUSE.

PATENTED MAR. 3, 1908.

a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

P ATENTED MAR. 8, 1908. G. WESTINGHOUSE. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 23, 1904. RENEWED SEPT. 18, 1997.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

, WNW mama No. 880,847. PATENTED MAR. 3,1908.

G. WESTINGHOUSE.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIOATIONFILED AUG.,23, 1904. RENEWED SEPT. 1a, 1907.

a SHEETS-SHEET 3.

whine/@000 woe/whoa UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTING- HOUSE MACHIN E COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 3, 1908.

Application filed August 23. 1904. SerialNo. 221:861. Renewed S t mb r 18. 1907. Serial No. 393.461.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE WEs'rING- HOUSE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines, and more particularly to. turbines applicable to marine propulsion and designed to act as reversing engines.

The object of this lnvention is to roduce a reversin turbine in which the flui which for the sa e of clearness will be hereinafter referred to as steam, is worked as described in an application made by me for Letters Patent, Serial Number 219,7 31, for improve ments in elastic fluid turbines.

A further object of this invention is to provide certain improvements in the construction and arrangement of parts which are equally applicable to turbines of various yp turbine described in this specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings throughout which corresponding elements are denoted by like characters.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a turbine embodying this invention: Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line DD of Fig. 1: Fig. 3 is a view partially in developed section and partially in plan takenon lines AA and BB in Fig. 2 2 Fig. 4 is a view in cross section taken on line (EC in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of a reversing valve, Fig. 6 is a partial longitudinal section illustrating a detail of the turbine; The turbine consists of a casing 5 divided on the horizontal plane through its axis, as is now common practice, whereby the upper half may be readily lifted off. The lower half of the casing is provided with bearing .supports 6, within which suitable bearings carrying the turbine shaft 7 are located.

Near the center and extending circumferentially of and exteriorly to the casing,

two steam conduits 8 and 9 are located. Conduit 8 is adapted to carry the steam to the primary or ahead portion of the turbine while conduit 9 carries the steam to the secondary, reversing or astern portion of the turbine;

A spirally extending partition 10 separates es. These and other objects I attainin the" the two conduits, and this partition is spirally formed in order to allow the nozzle segments (hereinafter referred to) for the ahead and astern portions to be arranged in a line around the turbine.

Exhaustchambers 11 are provided at each end of the turbine and exhaust ports 12 will lead the exhaust from each end to a common condenser, whereby'when either the ahead or astern portion of the turbine is operating under steam the other portion will be rotating in a vacuum, as is now common practice.

Bolted or otherwise suit-ably secured against the inner periphery of the casing and below the center line of the steam conduits 8 and 9 area plurality of nozzles formed in a ring 13 that is cut in halves and is provided with ahead steam spaces 14 and with astern steam spaces 15, each communicating with its steam conduit by means of its steam channel- 16 with which it registers. Each of these nozzle segments is provided with radially or outwardly extending members or blades 17 i of such contour in cross section that steam nozzles are formed between them. The

outer face of each of these segments and the The portion 18 of the rotor lying directly below or inside of this fluid seal is provided with an annular channel. or chamber 19, which lies below or inside of the center of the middle of the fluid seal whereby fluid which leaks through said seal from either direction will collect in said chamber ;,and extending through said seal and the ring 13 at any convenient portion 20 of the seal a steam channel 21 communicating with said steam chamber 19 is adapted to conduct the leakage steam to a portion of the turbine where it can be utilized in doing work. The passage 21 is provided with a valve 21 which iscapable of nozzles is provided with a plurality of rows of by the propeller will be c cure by Le astern turbine.

throwingit into communication with either a passage 21 or a passage 21. The passage 21 communicates with a working portion'of the ahead turbine and the passage 21 communicates with a working portion of the It will be seen that-Lit the interleaving flanges and grooves ofl'er sufficient resistance to the passage of steam, and if the fluid chamber 19 and the channel 21 'are of sufficient area to permit free passage of the steam and the steam'is led to a por this'chamber and channel in preference to passing through the side of the interleaving 3. In a reversing turbine, an ahead po'r-.

tion, an astern portion, two interleaving sealsbetween said portions, a fluid turbine rotor common to said seals and means whereby the fluid entering said cham ber is conducted to the ahead portion.

chamber on the 4. In a reversing turbine-, an ahead por-i tion, an astern seals between sa1 port1ons, a fluid chamber -on the turbine rotor common to, sa d seals,

flanges of that end of the turbine running in vacuum. By-this means, when the turbine is operating ahead some of the steam which otherwise would leak to the exhaust is partially utilized in doing work in the ahead portion of the turbine and when the turbine is operating astern the steam-from the chamber 19 is utilized in doing work in a portion of the astern turbine. f

The turbine rotor adjacent to, the steam blades 22 which cooperate with rows of sta tionary vanes 23 carried by the turbine cas- Ihe steam issuing from thefinal rows ,of moving blades 22 may be worked in any satisfactory manner but in the construction illustrated it is preferable to work the steam as described in the application hereinbefore referred to. 4

A thrust bearing 24, of any suitabledesign is utilized for taking up the unbalanced end connected to the propeller shaft to be driven. It will be understood that to a great extent the end thrust imparted to the turbine shaft and a fluid conduit in the turbine casing communicating with said chamber whereby Cportion, two interleaving the fluid entering said chamber is conducted to an operative point of the aheadportion.

. 5. In an elastic fluid turbine, primary nozzles, .buckets cooperating therewith 'to produce rotation in one direction, secondary nozzles, buckets cooperating with. said sec ondary nozzles to produce opposite rotation,

a rotor carrying said buckets, a fluid cha ber in said rotor, jseals located' between sa d rotor and the portion carrying saidnozzles, andmeans whereby the fluid. entering said chamber is conducted to an effective portion of the turbine. 6. Inan organized turbine having ahead and astern -stator portions and ahead and astern rotor portions, an annular fluid con duit between the respective stator portions,- nozzles communicating with said conduit, a chamber in the rotor between the ahead and astern portions,- and seals between the rotor and stator on each side of said'cha-mber.

- 7. In an organized turbine having ahead and astern stator portions and ahead and astern rotor portions, an annular .fluid conounteracted by the end thrust of the "turbine itself which will be in the opposite direction tothe propeller end thrust, and this will be true-with the turbine rotating in either direction. As indicated in Fig. 5, a steam chest 25 of any suitable design will connect with the ports 26 and 27 for the ahead and astern steam inlets, and any suitable "valve such as a piston valve 28 may be utilized in connection with said steam chest whereby by a movement of said valve in either direction the steam will be cut off from one inlet andadmitted to theother. Having thus described this invention what I claim as new and useful and desire to se- I tters Patent is 1.-In an elastic fluid turbine, an ah ad .5 portion,- an astern portion, a seal betw en i said portions and means whereby the fluid e'scapin" from either of said portions through said sea is conducted toan operative point of the ahead portion.- f i duit between the respective stator portions,

nozzles "communicating with said conduit, a I

leakage-fluid. chamber in the rotor between the ahead and astern portions, seals between the rotor and stator on, each side of said chamber, and a conduit in the stator forlead-' ing the steam collectedin said chamber to an "effective portion of the turbine.

'8. In an organized ahead and astern turbine having the respective portions of the rotor mounted on a common shaft, a casing having two exhausts, an annularly-arranged steam conduit adjacent to the high-pressure end of each portion of the rotor, stationary nozzles communicating with said leakage fluid chamber locatedin said rotor and interleaving seals at either side of said chamber between the peripheral faces of said nozzles and-the rotors. g

9. In an elastic fluid turbine, a stator, a rotor, an. annular fluid passage formed inte-' grally with said stator and communicat' with fluid supply nozzles, a leakage flui conduit, a

chamber in the rotor adjacent to said nozzles and means for conducting leakage fluid there from to a working portion of the turbine.

10. In an elastic fluid turbine, an ahead portion, an astern portion, a seal between said portions and means whereby the fluid escaping trom'either of said portions through said seal is conducted to an'operative point of the turbine. r

1 1. In an elastic fluid turbine, an ahead portion, an astern portion, two interleaving seals betweensaid ortions, a fluid chamber common to said sea s and means whereby the fluid entering said chamber is conducted'to a working portion of the turbine.

12. In a reversing turbine, an ahead portion, an astern portion, two interleaving seals between said portions, a fluid chamber on the turbine rotor common to said seals and means whereby the fluid entermg said chamber is conducted to a Working portion.

of the turbine. 13. In a reversing turbine, an ahead portion, an astern portion, two interleaving seals between said portions, a fluid chamber on the turbine rotor common to said seals,

and a fluid conduit in the turbine casing conimunicating with said chamber whereby the fluid entering said chamber is conducted to an operative point of the turbine.

14, In an elastic fluid turbine, a stator, a

rotor, a fluid-s11 ply passage communicatin wlth fluid-supp y nozzles, a leakage flui chamber in the rotor adjacent. to said nozzles In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 17th day of August,

1904.- GEO. WESTINGHOUSE. Witnesses:

CHAS. GARLAND, DAVID WILLIAMS.

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