US878747A - Starting device for explosion-engines with four cylinders. - Google Patents

Description

'PATENTED FEB. 11, 1903.

' H. SAURERL v STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES WITH FOU'R'GYLINDBRS.

APPLICATION FILED 001'. B. 1906.

' 3 sums-sum 1.-

zlll rlllll No. 878,747. PATENTEDI'FEB. 11, 1908."

H v H.SAURBR STARTING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSION ENGINES WITH FOUR GYLIN ERS,

APPLICATION FILED OCT. e. 1906. 7

a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

3 E E If .WITNEsSES rnrroLYr same; or.

ARB'ON, SWITZERLAND.

vs'rimTr m nnvrcn iron iirLosion-nnanms 'wrrn noun cvmrmnns.

' To allwho rrii itlmdy concern: I,

Be it-known that I, HrProLYrSAUnER, a

citizen'of the Confederation of Switzerland,-

residing at Arbon, Switzerland, have-in vented a new and useful Starting Device for Explosion-Engines with Four Cylinders, of which the followingis a specific-anon, In my application for a U. S. patent of April 24, 1906, Serial No. 313,437 and bear ing the same title as the present application, I.have described a starting device or afour stroke cycle explosion-engine in an automobile, -whlch device is arran ed for admitting the compressed air invaria ly to that cylin- ,de'r, in which the piston had stopped during the expansion of the exploded gases, since this piston usually occupies a position more or less in the middle of its stroke, that is to say a osition so favorable, that the compresse acting upon the piston will be able to-at once. overcome the resistance of the engine. during the start of the latter.

' During the following stroke of the piston in the same cylinder the. exhaust of the air (corresponding to that of the wasted gases during the usual work) can take placeby means of the usual outlet valve, so that no additional outlet valve or'devicefor turning [the four stroke cycle into a two-stage cycle" .is necessary. My invention relates to'another starting device of a similar kind, whereby a greater I simplicity, a reduction of the speed, an increased safety in the work, a better accessibility and a good appearance of the device are. obtained. The new starting device is suitable for all explosion-ellgines with four cylinders, which are to be started by means of compressedair or gas. .4

The new starting.- device is to be controlled from the driver's seat,the same as the engine. I I will now roceed to describe my invention with re erence to the v accompanying drawings, in which 3 I Figure 1 is an elevation- 0f the starting delvice: and the upper part of the en ine', the

- rot'ary distributing valvewith its ox and [theinlet valve with its box forthe left different positions of t e rotary distributing 'cYlinder be ng shown in'sectio iF 2&8 ,8: ..p an of-the sam'e Fi' 3 m 5 Show. fur

valve, the latteriitself being shown sub vstantially in elevation, Figs. 3 to 6; are horicross sections through thesameand iitsszb'oar "and correspondto Figs. 3.- lto" 6 h respectively, Fig. 7 is a diagram, which remnant. 11, 1000.

be referred to later on, Fig. 8'is an elevation on a reduced scale of the explosion engine provided with the-new starting device, part of the automobile beiu' indicated by an outline, Fig. 9 is a vertica cross section (on the same scale as Figs. 1 to 6) through the rotary I distributing valve and its driving mechanism" on the line CD in Fig. 8, Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section on a larger scale through the device controlling the supply of compressed air or gas to theengine on the line E F in Fig. 11,- Fig. 11 is a horizontal section through the same on theline G'H in Fig. 10, and Fig. 12 is avertical cross section on an enlarged scale throu h the line AB in Fig. 8 and shows one o the four cylinders with its ordinaryinlet and outlet valves and the inlet valve of the new starting device. m '1 Similar characters. of reference refer to similar parts throu hout theseveral views.

engine, the construction of which is immatenal to my invention. It comprises four 0 linders' marked with (I), (II), (III) and (iv and having each aspring-pressed inlet- I have shown in ig. 8 a known explosion valve 1 (see Fig.12) and a spring-pressed outlet-valv'e'2 as usual. The 1nlet-valves 1 of all the cylinders are controlled from a cam shaft 3 by means of cams 4 and all the outletvalves 2 are controlled from another cam shaft 5 by'm'e'an's of came 6 and the two cam shafts 3 and 5 are in any known manner so driven from the crank-shaft 7 as to make one revolutionon every two revolutions of the latter as usual. I do notshow any igniting device as it forms 310 part of my invention. Besides" the ordinary inlet-valve 1 each cylinder is according to my invention ro-,

vided with an-additiona'l spring-presse inlet-valve "8, see Fi s. 1 and 12, of any knownconstruction for t e compressed air or gas. In Fig. 12 this inlet-valve 8 is shown as-dis-;

posed'above the outlet valve 2, but it may also he disp'osed. somewhere else. armed-connection 9 is arranged to be con- 'nected -with the boxes 10 of the four inlet-' valves 37in anykhown and approved manner "and is'cast infone piece wilt a cylindrical 11 (see Fig. 9), in which a rotary tubular distributing valve 12 is mounted to turn. This distributin valve 12 is fastened iona vertical shaft 13, winch su* itable stufling' box 14 on t e "casing 11 and is arr'an edto be driven in any suitable maze ner, for example from the-camshaft 5 for the A two-1 passes through a and 1 67'as is shown at'Fig. 9.

outlet valves 2 by means of bevel wheels 15 The two arms of the connection 9 areeach divided by a partition into two channels, so that there are in all four channels I to IV leading to the four cylinders (I) to' (IV) respectively. The

. casing '11 is provided with a cover 17 of any construction, so that the rotary tubular distributing. valve 12 is rendered easily accessible. This valve 12 is provided with two square apertures a and b, which are set at an angle of "90 from each other and are so .-disposed, that the one aperture a may periodically register with either of the two lower channels II and III and the other aperture 6 may periodically register with either of the two upper channels I and IV.

The compressed air or gas is supplied to the casing 11 through a suitable tube 18 and a connection 19. The rotary distributing valve '12 is made'open (see Figs. 1 and 9) to permit the compressed air or gas to pass up- A wards.

. contains three chambersBO, 31 and 32, of

which the chamber 32 is shown as divided into an upper and a lower: portion that c'om-' municate with one another through two side passages 32, 32*, see" Fig. 11. The chamber 30 communicates with the casing 11 of the rotary distributing valve 12 through the already mentioned tube 18 and is normally closed with-a springressed stop valve 33. An arm 34 is 'fastene on the shaft 29 and is adapted to open the stop valve 33 on the operating lever 25 being turned from its middle position shown in full hnes in Fi 10 to its rlght extreme osition indicate by dotted lines. When t e operating lever 25 is turned from its middle position into. its other (vertical) extreme position the aircom ressor 20- will be coupled with the cran -shaft in the above mentioned manner and thus' be set in-motion. The second chamber 31 in the casing 28 communicates with a suitable reservoir 35 through a tube 36 and is normally closed with a stop valve 37, which may be 0 erated in any known manner, for examp e from a hand-wheel 38. The third chamber 32 communicates with the air-compressor 20 through a tube 39. It

- will-be obvlous, that the operating lever 25 can be operated from the drivers seat.

As the explosion-engine works in the four stroke cycle, of course the compressed air or gas can be admitted to each of the four cylinders (I) to (IV) only once for every two revolutions of the crank-shaft 7. This means, that the rotary tubular distributing valve 12 requires to make one revolution 'on every two revolutions of the crankshaft 7, the same as the cam shafts 3 and 5 for operating the inlet-valves 1 and outlet-valves 2 respectively. For this reason the two bevel wheels 15 and 16 are made alike. Thus the speed of the rotary tubular distributing valve 12 is kept moderate.

The crank-shaft 7 vis assumed'to be bent in the manner shown at Fig. 7 and the ignitions of the compressed mixtures in the several cylinders are assumed to take place inthe following order: (I), (III), (IV) and (II).

' Now that the compressed air or gas for startmg the explosion-engine is also invariably admitted to each cylinder during that stroke of its piston, during which (in the usual work of the engine the ex ansion of the exploded gases would take p ace, it follows that the compressed air or gas must be admitted to the several cylinders in the same order, viz. (I), (III) (IV) and (II). Thereby it is also rendered possible to utilize the ordinary outlet-valves 2 for the exhaust of the spent air or gas and no special mechanism for turning the four-stroke cycle into a two-stage c ole for the starting of the automobile Wil be necessary.

With the rotary tubular distributing valve 7 12 of the construction described above it is possible to admit the compressed air or gas to the several cylinders" in the said order, as will be clear after an examination of Figs. 3 to 6 and 3 'to 6. For the position of the valve 12 shown in Figs. 3 and 3 the compressed air or gas will be admitted throu h the upper aperture 1) and the channel I to t e first cylinder (I). After the shaft 13 has been turned through an angle of 90 in the direction of the arrow, the compressed air or gas will be admitted through the lower aperture a and the channel III to the third c linder (III), as is shown at Figs. 4 an 4.

After the turn of'the rotary tubular distributing valve 12 through another angle of 90 the compressed air or gaswill be. admitted tll10l%h the upper aperture 6 and the channel I to the ourth cylinder (IV), see Figs. 5 and. 5*. When the valve 12 has been turned through a further angle of 90, the

quired, which means, that the starting device is very simple and safe.

As already'indicated above, on stopping the automobile in general in one of the four cylinders the piston will stop. in about the middle of its stroke during the expansion of the ex loded gases inthe same cylinden From-t is the manner of operating the start ing device will be obvious and it is as follows: Ihe driver will take care to, keep the reservoir 35 filled with compressedair or, gas,-he coupling during the drive theair compre'ssor 20 with. the crank-shaftTbyturning the operating lever 25 from itsnorrnalposition into the vertical;positiqmaniopening the stop i valve-37 byg'rneans of; the harid wheai 38-. Whenthe. pressure gage.40 shows, that the compressed air'orgas in the reservoir i fihas attained;- the; required pressure, th

t dgiver closes the stop]valyeii7138,1111,diseom open the stop valve 33 by means of the arm 34 andto admit the compressed air or gas from the chamber 32 to the casing 11 of the rotary distributing valve' 12 through the tube-18. The compressed air orfgas will then pass" through either of the two apers" tures a and b of the valve 12 ,and-throughthe res ective one of the four channels I to IV an open the spring-pressed inlet-valve 8 of that cylinder in which the iston had stopped during the expansion of t e exploded gases' The compressed air-or gas driving thispis ton will start the engine. The spent air will be discharged through the outlet-valve 2 "during the following stroke, while the compressed air .or gaswill enter another cylinder and. .drive its piston, whereupon the compressed air orgas-will'enter a thirdcylinder and. drive its piston, while. the spent air in the second cylinder will be discharged through the corresponding outlet-valve 2 Afterwards the compressed air or gas will en ter'a fourthycylinder'and drive its piston and so on. After the start the driver may close the stop valve 33 and may operate the fourv stroke cycle explosion-engine inthe-nsual 'manner. 1 V

if so'pre erred. alter the starting device, that is to say the rotary distributing valve 12. and the four channels I effect.

is a special advantage of the new start;

ing device, that the connection 9 contains.v itself the rotary'distributing valve 12, oocu pies littlespac', can be made nice and need e tightened onlyv on four places between 1 two apertures being to, IV, as to obtain, the desired.

and the four cylinders, .also that it can be fastened direct on the latter.

The starting device may be varied without departing from the spirit of myinvention,

aim: .1. In a four stroke cycle ex losionsengine with foutcylinders, the co nination with four spring-pressed inlet-valves in the fourcylinders, of a ,connection on the four cylinders above said four spring-pressed inletvalvesland-co'm rising a cylindrical bore-in 1 itsmiddle with our openings and four; sepa rate." ehannelsvleading from the fourv openings to. the spring-pressed inlet-valves anda,

rotary. tubular distributing valve mounted to turnin;the-cylindricalbore of said connection,andprovidedwith two apertures andsso drivenaslto .makeone-revolution on every two revolutions of the: crank-shaft, its. two

apeituresbeirig so disposed asto severally;

and each supply compressed airl'or gas through the respectivechannel to either of two cylinders during :that stroke of its pis- Hton, during which in the normal Work of the engine the expansion of the exploded gases would take place.

2. In a four stroke cycle explosion engine with four juxtaposed cylinders,the combmation with four spring-pressed inlet-valves in the four cylinders, ofa connection fastened on the four cylinders above said four springpressed'inlet-valves and-com rising a cylindrical bore in its middle wit two opposite pairs of superposed openings and four separate channels eading from the four openings to the four spring-pressed inlet-valves, and a rotary tubular distributing valve mounted to turn in'the cylindricalbore of said con-' nection and provided with two apertures in two parallel planes at right angles to its axis and so driven as to make one revolution on everytwo revolutions of the crank-shaft, its

so disposed as to severally and each supp through the respective channel to either of y compressed air or gas two cylinders during that stroke of its piston, during which in the normal work of the engine theexpansion of the exploded gases would take place.

3. In a four-stroke cycle explosion-engine with [four cylinders, the combination with I 1 1 four spring-pressed inlet-valves in the four It is evident, that the order, which the ignitions. of the compressed mixtures in the several c linders take place, maybe altered,- In this case it is easy to so its middle with a connection for the supply latter under. the pressure of compressed .airor. as, of a connection on the four cylin of compressed air or gas, also with fourropening's and four separate channels leading from i the four openings to the springressed inlet gvalves, a rotary tubular distri utin valve mounted to turn in the cylindrical ore of said connection and provided with two apertureswhich are so disposed as to severally tion with four spring-pressed inlet-valves inengine the expansion of the -exploded gases would take place, and means for so 'dnving said rotary tubular distributing valve that itmakes one revolu'tionon every two revolu- .tions of the crank-shaft.

4. In a four stroke cycle explosion-engine with four juxtaposed cylinders, the combinathe four cylinders and adapted toseverally open into the latter under the pressure of.

compressed air or gas, of a connection on the four .cyllnders above said four springpressed inlet-valves and com rising a cylindrical bore in its middle wit a connection for the supply of compressed air or gas, also.

2 with two opposite pairs of superposed open inlet-valves, a rotary tubular distributing valve mounted to turn in the cylindi'ica bore of said connection and provided with two apertures in two parallel planes at right angles to its axis, which apertures are so disposed as to severally and each supplycompressed air or gas through the, respective channel to either of two cylinders during that stroke of its iston, during which in the normal Work of tiie engine the expansion of the exploded gases would" take place, and means for so driving said rotary tubular distributing valve that it makes'onerevolution on every two revolutions-of the crank-shaft.

HIPPOLYT SAURER.

Witnesses:

CARL KAUFMANN, MARY FALCONER.

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