US865213A - Engine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1907.

J. SOHAEPPERS.

ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG.15.1 906.

//VVEN TOR efose vza ()ZZZ-QW67'8 A TTO/YNE Y8 WITNESSES No. 865,213. v PATENTED SEPT. 3, 1907.

' J. SGHAEPPERS.

ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED AUG-15.1906.

3 SHEBTS-SHEET 3.

W/TNESSES I A Si/VVE/VTOH h LL88 72 c7zae era mam Eff f A TTOH/VE VS JOSEPH SQHAEFFERS, on NEW roan, n. Y.

-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. to, T9672.

I Application filed August 15,1906. Serial No. 830,672

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that Lulosnrn Sonsnrrnns, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and a resident of the city i of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Engine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to engines and is particularly useful in connection with internal combustion engines in which the heat of the exhaust gasesis used to generate vapor which is employedto actuate a piston in a cylinder provided for the purpose.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple strong and durable engine in which water or other liquid is injected into the internal combustion cylinders at the end of the power strokes, thereby forming a vapor which is exhausted into a cylinder to actuate the piston therewith-in. p

A further object of the invention is to provide an on gine in which the heat'from the exhaust gases of the interns-l combustion cylinders is used to vaporizea liquid injected into these cylinders at the end of thepower strokes, whereby the cylinders are cooled and the necessity of watenjacketing the same is obviated.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more particularly described hereinafter and fully set forth in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, and in which Figure .l is a vertical longitudinal cross section of my invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse cross section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a similar cross section on the line 33 of Fig. l.

. Before proceeding to a more detailed description of my invention it should be understood that I utilize preferably two internal combustion or explosive cylin-- ders of the usual type in which a mixture of air and vapor oi gasolene, benzin, alcohol or the like is exploded in the conventional manner. Intermediate of these internal combustion cylinders is located a third cylinder, preferably of greater diameter and adapted to receive the exhaust from the explosive cylinders. 1 provide means for injecting a spray of water ,or other suitable liquid into the explosive cylinders near the end of the power strokes of the same. The heat from the gases of combustion instantly converts this liquid into a vapor which, together with the exhaust gases,

passes through the outlet valves 01 the cylinders, which are opened at the end of the power strokes, into the middle cylinder, there to actuate the piston within said cylinder. The arrangement is such that the internal combustion cylinders exhaust alternately into the vapor cylinder, and as the latter is two cyclc, while the' former each four-cycle, it will be under-- stoodthat one oi the three cylinders gives a power stroke at each half revolution of the shaft. if desired,

the engine may comprise more than three cylinders andmay be formed of two or more three-cylinder units such as is illustrated herewith.

Referring moreparticularly to the drawings 1 repre A sents a crank shaft casing having an upper portion 2 mounted by means of the usual flanges and bolts upon a lower or supporting section 3. The crank shai t 4. is mounted in suitnblehall-bearings 5 formed between the sections of the crank case and is provided with three cranks, 6, 7 and 8. v A pinion S on the crank shaft transmits the rotation of the same through an intermediate gear wheel 10 and a second gear wheel 11 which are mounted upon the crank case, to a cam shaft 12 rotatably mounted at one sideof the crank case. Two

similar. internal combustion cylinders A and A are mouhted upon the upper section 23 of the crank case near the ends thereof. The cylinders A and A are exactly alike and have the same operative parts, wherefore but one will be described.

Within the cylinder A is a piston 13 of the usual form having a pivoted connecting; rod 14, mounted at its lower end on the crank 6; the corresponding con-- necting rod 14 of the cylinder A is similarly mounted on the crank 8. The cylinder A is'provided with a cylinder-head 15 having an inlet 16 and an outlet 17; the opcningof the inlet 16 into the cylinder forms a valve-seat 18, outwardly against whichseats the valve 19 having a rod 20 passing through a suitable guide 21 formed integrally with the cylinder-head. An outlet-valve 22 seats against a ccrrospo niing valve-seat 23 at tho outlet-opening between cylinder A and the outlet 17, and has a rod 24 passing through a similar guide 25. The outer ends of the valve-rods 20 and 24 have rigid collars 26 and 27 secured in place by nuts 28. The ends of a leaf-spring 29 mounted upon transverse i'rrember Silrrurricd by supports 30 and 31 extending upwardly from the cyliridoohead, engages with the vslye-rods between the collars, and tends normally to force those rods outwardly, thereby holding the valves against the valvcseats and closing both.

I the inlet and outlet openings of the cylinder. The I supports 30 and 3]. have bearings 33 carrying a rot-i;

denials! shaft 33, upon which is rigidly mounted armed lever 34 having an arm 35 adapted to engage with the end of the valve-rod 20 and a corresponding arm 36 adapted to engage with the oppositcly-locoted valve-rod 24. An arm 37, rigid with the shaft 33, has a cam-rod 38 pivoted at the end thereof, and is adapted to rock the lever 34- andreciprocatb the rods 20, 24., thus actuating the valves 19, as will appear here crank 7. The cylinder B has a cylinder-head 42 provided with oppositely located inlet openings 43 each of which communicates through the outlet 17 with a, lBSpGCillVQ exhaust of one of the internal combustion cylinders. The intermediate cylinder requires no inlet valve as the outlet valves of the cylinders A, and A answer ior'this purpose. The cylinder-head 42 has an outlet i l presenting at its inner opening a valve-seat 45provided with a valve &6 seating outwardly thereagainst, as shown in Fig. A valve rod 47 passes through a suitable guide 48, and is provided With/a helical spring 13 seating against a member forine'd int oll with the cylinder head and adapted normal y ".0 fo""e the valve upwardly against the valvescat to close the outlet 14. Pin upwardly-extending so pport upon the cylinder-head carries a centrallypivotcd lever 59, one arm 5l of which. is adapted to loosely engage with. the end of the valve rod 47 to actuate the valve, while the opposite arm 52 has pivoted to it the upper end of a cam rod 53 adapted to be acl from the cam shait, as will appear hereinafter.

"his 54 are pivotally mounted on each of the 01151 55 17 of the interal combustion cylinders and have fingers 55 adapted to engage with the under side or cttlars on the outlet valve rods'Z-l to prevent the opening of a corresponding valve unless the catch is lisplaccd. A spring 55 seating against a projection 56 upon the outlet 17 normally forces the adjacent catch into engagement with the valve rod. The arm 36 of the lever 3% has extension 57 which throws the catch out oi engagement h the valve rod when said arm 36 descends to open the valve; thus when the valve is opened by the-arm 36 at the proper time in the cycle of the cylinder, the catch is displaced. Hi vevcr, when the arm 36 is out of engagement with is red, thecatch securely locks the same against the accidental opening from back pressure in the cylincam shaft passes through bracket 59 extending outwardly front the crank case. The rod 36 carries at its end a slotted member 60 through which the cam shaft passes and at e end of which is mounted one of two rollers t l adapted to engage with a singlestep cam (32 which alnj-rnately raises or lowers the rod 38 alternately 80 moves in bracket ing the outlet valve once in four strokes. The cam rod .53 passes through 'a sleeve mounted upon a bracket 66 projecting from the crank case adjacent to the cylinder B and has a guide section 67 within the sleeve '65 and a roller (i8 at its end engagihg with a double lift cam 69bit the cam shaft. By means of this double lift earn the exhaust valve of the cylinder 1 B is opened once in every two strokes in the usual manner. I

Near the edge of each of the internal combustion cylinders is an opening 70 over which is mounted upon the outside-of the cylinder, a cylindrical member 71 having a head 72 forming with a member 73, a stuffing-box. The cylindrical member 71 presents a needle-point opening 74 at the opening 70 and within the fine opening 74 is normally located the pointed end of a rod 75 which closes said opening 7-4 and passes through the stuffing-box. A bell crank lever 76 is pivoted at the end of-an extension 78 of the member 71 and has an arm secured to the endof the rod 75, and another arm at which is pivotally mounted a rod 77 actuated by the cam shaft. A supply pipe 79 conducts water or other liquid into the cylindrical member '71 at one side thereof. 'The liquid flows through the pipe 79 under pressure and thus when the .end of the rod is removed from the opening a spray of liquid is forced into the cylinder by the pressure of the liquid itself.

The operation of my invention is as follows: After a charge of the explosive mixture has been drawn into the cylinder A in the usual manner the inlet valve is automatically closed and the charge is compressed and ignited in the usual manner; a power stroke results from the explosion, theg pist on moving downward. Near the end of the power s oke a cam'onthe shaft lifts the rod 77., thereby opening the liquid inlet and a spray of the liquid is forced into the cylinder; this is immediately converted intdivapor by the great heat of the gases of combustion. the end of the power stroke, the outlet valve ,22 itsopened and the exhaust gases, with the vapor, under pressure, rush into the intermediate cylinder and actuate the piston of the same which moves downward, producing a second power stroke. It will be understood that meanwhile the outlet valve 22 of the cylinder A is locked by means of the catch 54, and consequently none of the gases from the cylinder A can enter the cylinder A. While the cylinder A'is producing a power stroke resulting from the combustion of the mixture therewithin, the cylinder A is drawing in a. charge of the mixture through the inlet opening 16 which was openeitl by the arm 35 of the lever. At the next upward stroke of the piston within the cylinder A, that is during tlie power stroke of the pistonin the cylinder 13, the charge in the cylinder A is being compressed, and at the next stroke, or while B was exhausting audit is drawing in'acharge, the mixture in A is exploded, resultingin a power stroke. At the next stroke, whileiA is exhaustingfthe cyliudcr'B is giving a power stroke followed'by a. power stroke in the cylinderv A which has been compressing its'charge while A has been exhausting into B, resulting in a power stroke of the latter. The cycle is continued in a similar manner, the power strokes forming the rotation defined by A, B, A,,B', A, B, A, etc, there being one power stroke within the three cylinders in the order named at each half revolution of the crank shaft.

It will be understood that by my invention I am enabled to make use of the heat which is usually wasted, in internal combustion engines, and thereby can produce increased power with a smaller consumption of hydro-carbon explosive mixture.

' It is usual to cool the cylinders of an explosive motor by means of water-jackets surrounding the cylinders and thereby allowing heat which would be otherwise available, go to waste. By injecting water into the cylinders at the end of the power stroke 1 not only cool the cylinders and thereby obviate the water-jacket, but at the same time utilize the available heat of the exhaust gases to vaporize the liquid injected, which under the resulting pressure is adapted to perform useful work in the cylinder provided therefor, and into which the internal combustion cylinders exhaust.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure-by Letters Patent .1. In an engine in combination, an internal combustion cylinder having v means for spraying a liquid thereinto near the end 01 the power stroke, a second cylinder adapted to exhaust into the atmosphere, and means for exhausting said first cylinder into said second cylinder.

2. in an engine in combination, two internal combustion four-cycle cylinders having means for introducing liquid thereinto near the end of the'power strokes, a two-cycle cylinder, and means for exhausting said four-cycle cylinders alternately intosaid two-cy cle cylinder. 1

3 An engine comprising two internal combustion four cycle cylinders, a two-cycle cylinder, means for introducing liquid into said four-cycle cylinders near the end of the power stroke thereof, and means fr exhausting said fourcycle cylinders alternately into said twocyclc cylinder, the arrangement being such that when one four cycle cyllnder is giving a power stroke the other four-cycle cylinder is drawing in a charge, and the two-cycle cylinder is exhausting.

4. An engine comprising a four-cycle cylinder having inlet and exhaust openings and valves to close the same, a two-cycle cylinder having an inlet, said exhaust opening of said four-cycle cylinder communicating with said inlet of said two-cycle cylinder, a rocking member. adapted to be actuated from a cam shaft and alternately to open said valves of said four-cycle cylinder, and means for locking said exhaust valve of said four-cycle cylinder when said valve is normally closed. 1

5. An engine having two internal combustion founcyclo cylinders having inlet and exhaust openings, intermediate of said cylinders, a two-cycle cylinder having two inlet openings, an exhaust opening of each of said four-cycle cylinders communicating with an inlet opening: of said twocycle cylinder, means for spraying liquid into said f0urcycle cylinders near the end of the power strokes of the same, and means for alternately exhausting said four-cycle cylinders into said two-cycle cylinders.

6. An engine comprising two internal combustion fourcycle cylinders having inlet and exhaust openings. a twocycle cylinder having two inlet openings, an exhaust opening of each of said four-cycle cylinders communicating with an inlet opening of said tvRv-cycle cylinder, valves to close said inlet openings of said four-cycle cylinders, and

valves to cut oil communication between said exhaust openings of said four-cycle cylinders and said inlet openings of said two-cycle cylinder, means for spraying" liquid into said fouucycle cylinders near the end of-the power stroke -of the same, and means for exhausting said four-cycle cyland an exhaust opening, and a valve to close said exhaust JOSI'H II SCIIAEFFERS.

Witnesses J No. M. lh'r'ruu. .TonN K. HILUIHOHGI'IL.

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