US874443A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED DEC. 24, 1907.

M. H. P. R.v SANKEY.

STEAM TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20, 1905.

1 l 1'! 1 "Ill/III! 'llllllll/M ll-l i l|-| Fig.4. Fig.3.

present in use.

, and elevation ofa portion of To all whom it may concern:

shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

. ing and holding strips in. cross section.

respective positions to inn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MATTHEW HENRY PHINEAS BIALL sANKrn or rL'roN, NEAR RUGBY, ENGLAND.

EA RBINE.

Specification of Letters" Patent. I

Application filed september 20. 1905. Serial Not 279.273. 7

. I Be. it known that I, MATTHEW- HENRY l PHINEAS RIALL SANKEY, late captain R. E., i a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residingat Bawnmore, Bilton 1 near Rugby, England, have invented certain 1 new and useful improvements in and Rela't-' ing to Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a specification. My invention relates to steam turbines, and has forits object to produce a type of steam turbine which shall be. more economical and of simpler construction than those at The invention also consists in a method of fixing the blades onsteam turbine'wheels.

By means of my invention the total number of rows of blades required a turbine of 1 given power is greatlyreduced.

Referring now to the accompanying draw ings:-Fig'ures '1 and 2 show cross section 1 bladed strip 1 showing amethod of blade fixing. Figs. 3 and 4 are sections on the lines A A and B B respectively of Fig. 1, the latter section showing the bladed strip removed from the drum groove. Fig. 5 tea cross section of the strip on the lines C C of Fig. 2. Figs. (Sand 7 are 5 back and front perspective views of the blade 3 Fi 8 is a cross sectional view of a portion of the rotary'afnd fixed members, showing the contour ofthe root of the blades in elevation, and the calk- Fig.

9 is a cross sectional view of a blade of more i substantial cross section showing the stamped portion of the root of the blade in plan.

The invention concerns moreparticularly i the construction of the blades and the manner in which these blades are attached to the i turbine.

()ne manner of attaching the blades to the turbine, when somewhat thin blades are used, consists in forming grooves g (Fig.2).1 in the rotating drum, and the casin .inthe l be occupie by the 5 rows of blades b andc, the grooves g being undercutif'K foundation ring h, the cross section of which conforms to the undercut,

but which has a smaller section than theoove to allow fora oalkin strip i, is bent 5 into a semi-circle and radia notches j are out into it; extending-from about one-third 1 to one-half of thethickness of the ring h. 2 ,For the fixed b'lading these notches 1' would 1 he ,on the concaveside of the ring and for i foundation rin gflz,

Patented Dec; 24, 1907.

the moving blade on th e convex side. 'The notches are parallel to the axis of the turbine when the rings are in position, and the pitch is so regulated as to give the proper pitch to the blades. The root end of each of the blades, 11 and 0 is stampedinto a special shape, the central part lof the end being flattened to conform to the notch the both as to width and depth, and the two sides Zbeing bent back at right angles to the central part, and splayed outwards to the same angle as the bevel on the foundation ring h. These sides I are made longer than the center part is, so as to extend nearly to the underside of the foundationrmg h, when in position, as shown in Fig. l.- To the blades into the'rotating drum, or into the casing," the individual 3 blades are pushed, into the notchesj, in the foundation rin'g' h, thus fori'ning'a semi-circular rlng of radiating blades.

placed in the groove 9 1n the 'drum or casing, and

calked in. I

Where the blades are of the much more usual thick section shown in Fig. 9-, I prefer to stamp the root ends so that there shall bestri s as before, theseslots however being a short pieces of calking strip '0 are pushed into the space remaining, and are.

litt e wider to correspond with the thicker flat part, of the root; but as the root portion is narrower than the upper portion, as seen in Fig. 8, there is sometimes a little ditfieulty in putting in a single calking strip, as used in the formshown in Fig. l, on account of the overhang of the side of'the blade. To overcome this difficulty I. provide adjacent'to the'root strip an auxiliary or dummy strip s, preferably in two or more sections, and between this strips and the side of the dovetailed groove 1 insert thecalking strip a, as

used in the other case. Well calked in, and a fastening is obtained.

The strips are then very secure blade The blades may if desired be provided witha shroud ring, as

shown at t, "in Fig. 8. It will beseen that by these constructions not only the foundation ring,,but '-each individual blade, securely dovetailed lnto the drum or casing. Having now described .my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an elastic fluid turbine the combina-' tion of a blade carrying member having an annular dovetailed groove formed therein, a strip in the groove, transverse cuts on the outer face of said strip extending from side to side, blades inserted within the cuts of the strip, side portions on the blades straddled over the strip and means for holding the blades in place.

' 2-. Inan elastic fluid turbine, the combination of a blade carrying member having a dovetailed groove therein, a dovetailed ring in such groove having transverse grooves or cuts therein, blades each having a central portion adapted to fit into such transverse grooves or cuts, extending side portions projecting into the'annular groove between the ring and the carrying member and a calking ring for securing the blades in position.

3. In combination in an elastic fluid turbine, blade carrying strips having cross grooves cut in the outer faces part waythrough the strips, blades in the strips, each of which blades is stamped at the root end so that its 'middle port-ion is flattened to con form to the groove in 'the strip, into which it is set, while the two sides are longer than the central part, and are bent back at" right angles to the middle so as to embrace the strip, grooves in the drum and easing into whlch the strips are inserted, and means:

. sums form to the groove in the stri into which it central 'part, .and are bent back at right angles to the'middle so as to embrace the which the strips are inserted, and a calkin'g lug and a dummy lug whereby the blades'are firmly in thegrooves. t

5. A turbine blade formed with a single plate of pressed metal having its root end ent into three planes, the outer two of which j and extend beyond the end t p of an acute angle to each other, forming the blade is secured to the turbine blade carrying member.

name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. MATTHEW HENRY PHINEAS RIALL SANKEY. Witnesses:

PERCIVAL M. DAVIES, BERTRAM H. MATTHEWS.

that its middle portion is. flattened to con,

is set, while the two sides are onger than the held firmly in the strips,-and the strips are are at substantially right males tof thedthiilrdj- 2 ereo an t at thereby a dovetailed projection by which In testimony whereof I have signedmy- 'strlp, grooves-in the drum and easing into

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