US8739866B2 - Method for extracting bitumen and/or ultra-heavy oil from an underground deposit, associated installation and operating method for said installation - Google Patents

Method for extracting bitumen and/or ultra-heavy oil from an underground deposit, associated installation and operating method for said installation Download PDF

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Publication number
US8739866B2
US8739866B2 US13/063,500 US200913063500A US8739866B2 US 8739866 B2 US8739866 B2 US 8739866B2 US 200913063500 A US200913063500 A US 200913063500A US 8739866 B2 US8739866 B2 US 8739866B2
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Prior art keywords
bitumen
steam
heavy oil
extra
turbine
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Expired - Fee Related, expires
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US13/063,500
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US20110227349A1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Huber
Bernd Wacker
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Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
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Siemens AG
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Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HUBER, NORBERT, WACKER, BERND
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/2406—Steam assisted gravity drainage [SAGD]
    • E21B43/2408—SAGD in combination with other methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for extracting bitumen and/or extra-heavy oil from an underground deposit, wherein the viscosity of the bitumen and/or extra-heavy oil is reduced in situ, for which purpose the deposit is supplied with energy in the form of steam flowing through the deposit on the one hand and electric heating on the other hand.
  • the invention also relates to the associated installation and to a method for operating said installation.
  • the steam for SAGD or CSS methods is mostly generated in separate steam boilers which are typically fired by natural gas or bitumen. It has also been proposed to extract process steam for the above purpose from existing gas and steam installations whose electrical energy is fed into the power grid. These installations are therefore always arranged centrally and at a fixed location, and the transmission of the energy is associated with not insignificant losses.
  • the subject matter of the invention is a process engineering concept for extracting bitumen or extra-heavy oil from oil sands which is characterized by an autonomous energy supply and by an extraction process that is particularly favorable in terms of economic efficiency.
  • the operating resources required for this are provided by means of the installation according to the invention.
  • What is proposed with the invention is an operating concept for bitumen or extra-heavy oil production from in particular oil sand deposits, wherein an industrial turbine is used which is combined with a generator and a waste heat recovery boiler or a separately fired boiler.
  • the industrial turbine can be either a gas turbine or alternatively a steam turbine.
  • either a waste heat recovery boiler or a fired boiler can be used with the optional use of the gas turbine or steam turbine.
  • the waste heat produced during the generation of the electric power is introduced into the waste heat recovery boiler.
  • the waste heat recovery boiler is supplied by a valve unit with process water which is evaporated by the waste heat from the gas turbine.
  • the steam thus generated is supplied to the collector unit.
  • the steam can equally be generated from externally supplied water both for the SAGD method and for the generation of electric power by way of the steam turbine.
  • a gas turbine and a steam turbine can also be combined with each other if necessary.
  • the waste heat produced during the generation of the electric power is recycled in the gas turbine.
  • Steam can also be generated according to the boiler principle in the fired boiler if the used exhaust gas from the gas turbine is not sufficient for the steam generation by the waste heat recovery boiler.
  • the steam turbine is operated with the excess steam accumulating in the process.
  • part of the extracted bitumen preferably approx. 20%, is burned.
  • electric power and steam can be generated simultaneously in the ratio of, for example, approx. 1:4 in terms of power.
  • Such an apportionment of power corresponds to a favorable ratio in previously performed reservoir simulations for electromagnetic heating combined with steam injection (EM-SAGD).
  • a particularly advantageous aspect of the invention is the self-contained, autonomous closed circuit during the operation of the EM-SAGD installation.
  • this is realized in particular as a result of the fact that the gas turbine, which must be suitable for burning bitumen or extra-heavy oil, is fired directly by the fuel which comes from the bitumen production of the oil sand deposit that is to be exploited.
  • the exhaust gas from the gas turbine can be thermally supplied to a waste heat recovery boiler with steam generator which generates steam having a temperature of e.g. approx. up to 300° C.
  • the feedwater system of the waste heat steam generator can be provided with a feedwater pump so that the reservoir-specific pressure can be regulated.
  • the reservoir where the steam is injected via the so-called “injector well” serves as a condenser.
  • the steam heats the reservoir and makes it more permeable.
  • steam is generated by means of a separately fired boiler in which fuel from the bitumen production is burned.
  • the steam coming from said boiler can be output to the steam line of the injector pipelines on the one hand and on the other hand can be used to drive the steam turbine.
  • the gas turbine or steam turbine is mechanically coupled to a generator which generates electric power in the known manner, but which is now used exclusively for the specific requirements of bitumen or extra-heavy oil production.
  • the electric power thus generated is distributed via transformers and switching stations of a so-called “well pad” in such a way as to supply the individual electrical modules for the EM-SAGD power supply.
  • the EM-SAGD modules supply in particular inductors which are arranged as special lines in the ground of the reservoir and via which the ground is additionally heated as a result of alternating-current losses, resulting in an optimization of the bitumen production.
  • bitumen production of an existing SAGD installation having so-called “well pairs” in which a pair consists of a steam injection pipeline (“injector well”) and an associated drainage bitumen production pipeline (“producer well”) or “extractor pipe” for short.
  • injector well a steam injection pipeline
  • producer well an associated drainage bitumen production pipeline
  • extract pipe extract pipe
  • the ratio between electrical energy applied to the inductor and the energy introduced thereby into the reservoir and the steam is equal to the ratio of the energy generated from the turbine generator and the waste heat recovery boiler which is disposed downstream of the gas turbine. This applies analogously to the separately firable steam boiler of the steam turbine. In both cases the ratio typically equals 1:3.
  • the power for a well pair can in this case be around 1 MW of electric heating power and between 3 and 4 MW of steam power.
  • the extracted bitumen-water mixture is cleaned in a treatment plant and the water removed.
  • the extracted water is supplied to the feedwater system in a boiler-friendly form.
  • the bitumen is transported or, as the case may be, treated so as to be suitable for a refinery, i.e. dried and cleaned.
  • Undiluted bitumen is branched off for burning in the industrial gas turbine or in the fired steam boiler. For this purpose it is necessary to heat the bitumen to approx. 110° C. in order to convert it to a sufficiently low viscosity.
  • the fuel supply system (“fuel skid”) of the gas turbine can be converted to bitumen combustion. If the turbine is to be shut down, the system must first be switched back to fuel oil operation so that all of the bitumen will be purged from the feed lines to the burners.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of part of an oil sand deposit which has means for the known SAGD method and into which further means for inductive heating of the reservoir are introduced,
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment variant of the technical means of the installation for generating electric power on the one hand and steam on the other, and
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment variant of the technical means of the installation for generating electric power on the one hand and steam on the other.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are described together to the extent that the differences between them are made clear.
  • FIG. 1 shows part of an oil sand deposit which can be located several hundred meters underground.
  • FIG. 1 contains in a unit cell 100 of a reservoir a steam injector having an injector well 101 and a producer well 102 for bitumen/extra-heavy oil production with simultaneous water recovery.
  • separate lines 10 , 20 are present as inductors which are closed either underground or on the surface by way of a loop 25 .
  • Further cells 100 ′, 100 ′′ . . . of the reservoir are configured similarly.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 The different operating means for implementing a combined EM-SAGD method with inductive heating are elucidated with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 : Although the illustrated embodiments herein show inductive heating, resistive heating may be provided in addition to or alternately to inductive heating.
  • FIG. 2 shows a gas turbine with a compressor labeled with reference numeral 1 .
  • the gas turbine 1 can be a conventional industrial turbine which can be fired by means of different fuels.
  • An air inlet is present at the rear and a feed for a fuel is disposed at the side.
  • An electric generator 2 is connected downstream of the gas turbine 1 , gas turbine 1 and generator 2 being mechanically coupled.
  • a switching station or electric distributor unit 3 is controlled by the generator 2 for the purpose of distributing power.
  • a general distributor and collector unit 4 for distributing steam and current on the one hand and for collecting the product on the other hand is controlled by the electric power distribution unit 3 .
  • a facility 4 is generally referred to as a “well pad”.
  • the energy in the form of steam on the one hand and in the form of electric power on the other hand is distributed.
  • the well pad 4 contains a steam collector line (not shown in detail), an electric switching station and a receptacle device for the extracted product. Accordingly, means for controlling the material flow in the extraction of the bitumen and/or extra-heavy oil including the recovered water are implemented.
  • Reference numerals 8 , 8 ′, 8 ′′ . . . represent inverters for the alternating-current supply which is fed by the switching station.
  • a device for separating the extracted bitumen/extra-heavy oil from the recovered water is also present in the supply unit with the operating means, said device being labeled with reference numeral 13 .
  • a unit for treating and recycling the recovered water can likewise be integrated therein, a unit 14 for supplying and removing the water also being present.
  • the treated water can then likewise be used for steam generation and is supplied by means of a pump 15 with motor 15 ′ to the waste heat recovery boiler 16 for the purpose of generating steam.
  • the steam thus generated is ducted by way of a valve arrangement 22 into the distributor unit 4 .
  • the electric power and the steam are routed via internal distributor buses to the corresponding outputs of the distributor unit 4 .
  • Reference numeral 17 in FIG. 2 designates a storage facility for the extracted bitumen and/or extra-heavy oil, branching out from which is in particular an outgoing line for the extracted product for upgrading and refining purposes.
  • a small part of the extracted bitumen and/or extra-heavy oil is routed via a heat exchanger unit 18 which has an outlet for the purpose of heating the gas turbine 1 .
  • FIG. 2 Alternative or supplementary operating means to FIG. 2 for implementing a combined SAGD method and electric heating, in particular inductive heating, are elucidated with reference to FIG. 3 :
  • FIG. 3 shows a steam turbine labeled with reference numeral 11 .
  • the steam turbine 11 is a specific industrial turbine which can be driven exclusively by means of steam.
  • An electric generator 2 is connected downstream of the steam turbine 11 , steam turbine 11 and generator 2 being mechanically coupled.
  • the unit 3 for electric power distribution and a general distributor and collector unit 4 for distributing steam and electricity on the one hand and for collecting the product on the other hand, already referred to above as a “well pad”, are in turn controlled by the generator 2 .
  • the individual “well pairs”, each consisting of a pipeline pair via which energy is distributed in the form of steam on the one hand and in the form of electric power on the other hand, are controlled by the distributor unit 4 .
  • the well pad 4 contains a steam collector line (not shown in detail), an electric switching station and a receptacle device for the extracted product. Accordingly, means for controlling the material flow during the extraction of the bitumen and/or extra-heavy oil including water are implemented.
  • Reference numeral 8 represents an operating unit for the power supply which is fed by the switching station.
  • Also present in the supply unit with the operating means is a device for separating the extracted bitumen/extra-heavy oil from the water that is to be recovered, said device being labeled with reference numeral 13 .
  • a unit for treating and recycling the water is likewise integrated therein, the feedwater system being labeled with reference numeral 14 .
  • Reference numeral 17 in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 designates a storage facility or repository for the extracted bitumen and/or extra-heavy oil, branching out from which is in particular an outgoing line for treatment and refining purposes.
  • a specific part of the extracted bitumen and/or extra-heavy oil is routed via a unit 18 and serves for generating steam in the boiler 21 , i.e. in equal measure steam for the SAGD method and steam for generating electric power in the steam turbine for the purpose of inductive heating of the deposit.
  • a gas turbine can be operated with different fuels, the steam for the SAGD method being generated by means of the accumulating waste heat.
  • a steam turbine in contrast, can only be operated with steam which is first generated in a boiler by electric heating of water.
  • the energy required for the extraction is generated in both exemplary embodiments by burning extracted bitumen or extra-heavy oil in an autonomous, self-contained circuit.
  • bitumen or a bitumen mixture consisting of bitumen/light oil or bitumen/solvent is used, naphtha being used as the solvent.
  • a gas turbine is used as the industrial turbine, a fuel treatment taking place upstream of the combustion chambers of the gas turbine can ensure that by heating the fuel up to 150° C. an adequate viscosity is achieved and the injection into the combustion chambers can take place. Separators and filters can be used in the fuel treatment to recover heavy metals, ash and other particles.
  • a distiller can also be connected upstream, its distillate being supplied to the fuel treatment of the industrial turbine, with the heavier polyaromatics, i.e. asphaltenes, being added to the produced bitumen which is transported as product to the refinery.
  • a so-called “cracker” can be provided which degrades long-chain hydrocarbons until they are broken down into a form suitable for use as fuel.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
US13/063,500 2008-09-15 2009-08-05 Method for extracting bitumen and/or ultra-heavy oil from an underground deposit, associated installation and operating method for said installation Expired - Fee Related US8739866B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008047219A DE102008047219A1 (de) 2008-09-15 2008-09-15 Verfahren zur Förderung von Bitumen und/oder Schwerstöl aus einer unterirdischen Lagerstätte, zugehörige Anlage und Betriebsverfahren dieser Anlage
DE102008047219 2008-09-15
DE102008047219.0 2008-09-15
PCT/EP2009/060132 WO2010028917A1 (de) 2008-09-15 2009-08-05 Verfahren zur förderung von bitumen und/oder schwerstöl aus einer unterirdischen lagerstätte, zugehörige anlage und betriebsverfahren dieser anlage

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US8739866B2 true US8739866B2 (en) 2014-06-03

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US (1) US8739866B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2324194B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE547588T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2737083C (de)
DE (1) DE102008047219A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2480579C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2010028917A1 (de)

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WO2018223232A1 (en) * 2017-06-05 2018-12-13 643096 Alberta Limited Methods and systems for water treatment and steam production

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US8646527B2 (en) * 2010-09-20 2014-02-11 Harris Corporation Radio frequency enhanced steam assisted gravity drainage method for recovery of hydrocarbons
DE102010041329A1 (de) 2010-09-24 2012-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Erwärmung von Erdreich
CN102393149B (zh) * 2011-11-15 2013-10-30 东方希望重庆水泥有限公司 利用水泥生产系统余热的热工联动动力系统及其使用方法
DE102012000092B4 (de) * 2012-02-24 2014-08-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Gewinnung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Substanzen aus Ölsanden
US9228738B2 (en) 2012-06-25 2016-01-05 Orbital Atk, Inc. Downhole combustor
DE102012014657A1 (de) * 2012-07-24 2014-01-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Gewinnung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Substanzen aus Ölsand
DE102012014656A1 (de) * 2012-07-24 2014-01-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Gewinnung vonkohlenstoffhaltigen Substanzen aus Ölsand
DE102012014658B4 (de) * 2012-07-24 2014-08-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Gewinnung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Substanzen aus Ölsand
US9291041B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2016-03-22 Orbital Atk, Inc. Downhole injector insert apparatus
US10041341B2 (en) 2013-11-06 2018-08-07 Nexen Energy Ulc Processes for producing hydrocarbons from a reservoir
RU2741642C1 (ru) * 2020-02-18 2021-01-28 Прифолио Инвестментс Лимитед Технологический комплекс для добычи трудноизвлекаемых углеводородов (варианты)

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US20110227349A1 (en) 2011-09-22
DE102008047219A1 (de) 2010-03-25
EP2324194B1 (de) 2012-02-29
ATE547588T1 (de) 2012-03-15
EP2324194A1 (de) 2011-05-25
CA2737083A1 (en) 2010-03-18
RU2011114802A (ru) 2012-10-20
WO2010028917A1 (de) 2010-03-18
RU2480579C2 (ru) 2013-04-27
CA2737083C (en) 2015-04-21

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