US87326A - Improved concrete-brick machine - Google Patents

Description

mow

NPETERS, PNOT TNOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D C an arm, :H, to. which nivoted or jointed, which itself is jointed to an arm, J,

BOLIVAR BIISBEEQOF AMES, AIOWA.

Letters Patent No. 87,326, dated March 2, 1869; antedated February 18, 1869.

IMPROVED CONCRETE-BRICK MACHINE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent making part of the same -To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, BOLIVAR BIsBnn, of Ames, in the county of Story, and State of Iowa, have invented a new and'useful Improved Concrete-Brick Machine; and I do hereby declare and make known that the following is a fuli, clear, and same, reference being had to the accompanying'drawings, and the letters and figures marked thereon. which form part of this specification.

To enable those skilled in the art to know how to construct and use my said invention, I willnow procecd to describe the reference, in so doing, to the aforesaid drawings, in which .Figure- 1 represents a side elevation of my said invention; r

Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same; I

Figure 3 is the reverse end view, showing anelevation of the hopper and its appurtenances;

Figure 4 is -a side section of the jointed arm and its attachments;

. Figure 5 is a bottom view of the the movable cap or plate thereon;

Figure 6 represents a transverse section through the h pp p Figure 7 is a plan view of the mould in which the bricks are pressed;

Figure 8 is a side view of the same;

Figure 9-is a longitudinal section through the centre thereof; and

Figure 10 is a transverse section through said mould.

.Similar letters of reference in the several figures denote the same parts of my said invention. A represents a central beam, of suitable size and length, which, together with the cross-timbers A A, removably secured thereto, constitutes the base of the machine.

At about the centre of said base-timberA, upon opposite sides thereof, are secured two vertical standards or posts, B, between which the jointed arm, operating the'plunger, and the plungeiy'which presses the brick, are arranged, the plunger, moving up and down between said posts, being guided by means of side straps, c, crossing from one post to the other, as shown, or in any other suitable manner;

plunger, showing At a suitable elevation there are secured to the said posts B B, cross-timbers O O, as shown, upon which cross-pieces rests a platibrnror plank, F, the end of said platform, upon a post, E, having a cross-head upon the top, or otherwise- At theftop of the posts B B, cross-timbers D D, of suitable strength, are secured in any suitable manner, to which cross-timbers is secured, in a permanent manner, with shoulders below the cross pieces D, to resist the pressure, a block, G, to which is pivoted or jointed piece H the arm I is similarly exact description of the same with particularity, making beneath the hopper, being supported whose lower end is pivoted or jointed to an-arm, K, rigidly attached to the plunger L.

Through the said plunger L, two holes, more or less, marked 1, are made.

Tothe lower side of said plunger L, a perforated metallic plate, 'M, is secured, 'having lips or edges turned up, so as to enclose the base of the plunger, the said lips having vertical slots, through which bolts or pins, m, pass, and are secured in the plunger, so that when the plunger is pressed down upon the brick,

the plate M lies close against the face of the plunger,

but when the plunger is moved up, it moves'a slight distance (the length of said slots) before the plate M is started, thus leaving a space between the plunger and the plate,'so' that the air entering into said space, through the holes Z l, readily passes through the per- I foratious n, in said plate, upon the brick, as desired, thus causing the plate to rise up from the brick, withfout defacing the same, leaving itstop smoothandperect. There is attachedto that part of the pressure-arm marked I, an arm or lever, N, for the purpose of operating said pressure arm, to theend of which two cords are attached, one marked 1), going directly down, to be attachedto an axle, Y, and the other marked a, going up over. a sheave, X, and thence down, to be attached to the same axle, so that revolving said axle in one direction moves the end of said lever upward, while the reverse 'motion of said axle carries the end of said lever downward, the said cords alternately winding and un-' winding upon the axle.

The pulley or sheave X is supported at the upper ends of the inclined posts WV W, which are strongly framed into the cross-beam A of the base, which crosslaid down parallel with the base, if desired for convenhence of transportation. r

The said axle Y is provided with a-balance-wheel, which has a suitable handle for revolving the same, said axle being supported in, suitable bearings, in or upon the posts W W, as shown. I

Through a slot in one side of the posts B, a lever, 0, passes, which is pivoted in the post, and has its inner end projecting inward in the form of a cam, so that by raising up the said lever, the mould is locked so as not to expand'or spread apart under the pressure applied upon the brick, while, by lowering said lever c, the mould is released so as to be readily removed and replac'ed. A cord may be so arranged that the person who revolves the axle Y can also operate said camlevercr. g

represents a hopper, which is supported upon two sta mlards, 0 Q, at such a height that the mould can be placed upon the table F, and beneath said hop- The standards 0 are removably inserted into suitable mortises or sockets in the base-beam A, and rest in notches in theta-ole F, so that by turning a long arm or button, Q, pivoted at its centre to the side of the platform, and between said standards, until its ends rest in vertical slots 0 in the said standards, the hopper is securely locked to the frame of the machine, while, by turning said arm Q out of said slots, it may, with its attachments, readily be detached or removed, when desired.

I have described a mode of connecting the several parts of my machine, whereby the same can be taken apart, when desired, but said parts maybe removably secured together, as described, or be permanently fastened together, as preferred.

The bottom of the hopper is open, as seen in fig. 6, but is provided with a horizontally-arranged slide, 1?, which, by raising the lever T T, is operated upon by means of the hinged arm V, in such a manner as to,

move it beneath the hopper, and constitute a bottom thereto, while, pressing down said lever T T, the slide P is moved outand the hopper is opened. 7

To the lever T, a plunger, S, is attached, lying within said hopper, which is raised up as the slide P closes the hopper, but moves down when the slide opens, so as to force and dischargethe mortar or clay in the hopper, down into the mould arranged beneath on the platform F.

In' figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10, the construction of the mould. or box in which the brick is pressed and formed, is shown.

This mould consists of the main bottom f, to which the sides 9 g are hinged, so that, when desired, the said sides may open or spread apart at the top of the mould, said hinges being indicated by it in the drawmgs.

j Within said sides 9 g, a second or false bottom, marked z, is arranged, said bottomi being of the same width as the inner or inside width of the bottom, f, between the sides.

This bottom, 1', rests movably upon the main bottom, and has end-pieces, or pieces forming the ends of the mould, marked j j, hinged by hinges It at or near the ends thereof, said end-pieces jj being a little longer than the width of the false bottom requires, the ends thereof entering into grooves or recesses in the sides of the main bottom, as seen in fig. 7.

\Vhen the parts are all arranged properly in place, and the sides g g are closed, a spring, s, operates au tomatically upon a shoulder, t, the one secured to one side, and the other to the opposite side, to lock the mould together ready to receive the mortar or clay, and to be carried forward to the press.

At each end of the mould, are levers, or handles, q q, whose ends lie in a recess formed between the two bottom-pieces ft', and thus allow the upper or movable. bottom to lie close upon the lower bottom,

while said levers, resting upon a fulcrum, q, on the lower bottom, upon being depressed, will raise the false bottom up from the lower bottom, as seen in fig. 9.

The said levers are secured in place by pins 2' r, which serve also as a guide to insure the proper placing of the false bottom in the main part of the mould.

Upon the end-pieces j j, of the false bottom, ears,

or handles]; 1), are placed, to enable the operator to take upand carry off the brick upon the false bottom.

At the middle of the sides of the mould, a metallic plate, 11, is placed, for the end of the cam-lever c to bear against, when the mould is placed in the press.

Having described the construction of my invention, in its various parts, I will now proceed to describe its operation.

In the first place, the mould-box is arranged in the manner shown in figs. 7 and 8, and is then placed be ueath the hopper, upon the table F, as shown in fig. 1.

The mortar or clay-having previously been put into the hopper, when its bottom was closed, the lever T is Forced down, moving away-the slide P, and pressing the plunger S down upon the clay in the hopper, and pressing it into the mould, which operation is continued, if necessary, until themould' is full.

The mould is then moved along upon the table )3, beneath the plunger L, being kept from moving too far, and detained in the proper position, by a stop, d, shown in fig. 1.

The lever N'heing in the position shown in rig. 4, or inclined upwards at a corresponding angle from a horizontal line drawn through the centre of the piece I, in either of these positions, the plunger is raised up, and the cam-lever 0 applied upon the side of the mould, as hereinbefore described.

The axle Y is turned, winding up the cord, which raises the arm N, and gradually moves down the plunger to its work, the ratio of the leverage constantly increasing until the arm N is horizontal, when the pressure is completed.

In ordinary presses, the motion of the axle, or of the lever ,N, would have to be stopped and reversed,

in order, to relieve the mould from the pressure, but

by my invention, the motion of the arm N and-axle is continued in the same direction, raising the lever above the horizontal position, which has the eifect to raise the plunger from the mould, thus releasing the mould, and permitting it to be taken away without loss of time or power, as the delay of changing the mould permits the stopping of the movement of the mile and lever N at that time, without loss.

\Vheu the plunger begins to move up, the same moves up until a space is left between the plunger and the plate M, before the plate M commences t recede from contact with the brick, thus admitting the air, as aforesaid, and leaving the upper face of the brick smooth and perfect.

A second n ould being introduced, the motion of the axle is reversed, and the pressure is applied with gradually-increasin g force until the lever N has come down to a horizontal position, after which the continued movement below the said position relieves the pressure and the mould is removed, another placed, and the motion again reversed.

\Vhen the mould is taken from the press, it is set down, the levers q q being in the position indicated in fig. 8. 1 These levers are pressed down, as seen in fig. 9, thus raising up the false bottom, as shown, and, sliding the brick up the sides g g, detach it from them, so that when the lock 5' t is detached, and the sides open, the sides of the brick willv not be marred by the adhesion thereof to the sides of the mould.

\Vhen the sides are spread apart sufiioiently to permit the brick to be taken out, stops 1; 1 upon the edges of the bottom f, prevent them from opening further than is necessary for that purpose.

The operator grasps the handles 1) 1), upon the ends jj of the false bottom, and bears away the brick upon the said false or movable bottom, holding the said ends firmly against the brick as he goes, and when he desires to remove the brick, he turns the same upon the edge, and strikes the projecting parts of the ends j 3', upon something, to give a slight jar or concussion, which causes the brick to slide from the bottom, i, and ends jj, so as to leave all sides of the brick smooth and perfect, as desired.

The false bottom or off-bearer is then replaced in the mould, which is-then locked together in thepropcr manner, when it is again ready for use.

I am a are that the devices mentioned in the first claim, separately considered, are not new, and I do not claim them as new, when taken separately; but

removes the plunger, as before, when.

my said invention, I will now specify what I having desoribed;the construction and operation of dorelaim, and, desire to secure by Letters Patent.

1. I claim the combination of the jointed arm H I J, 'the lever N, the two cords a b, pulley X, and axle-Y, arranged substantially as described, so that the continuous revolution'ot' the said axle, in either direction, will give both the downward and upward movement to the plunger, in the manner and for the purposes specified. I

2. In combination with the plunger, provided with the holes I, l'claimthe movable perforated cap M, when connected to said plunger, by means of pins m,

passing through vertical slots in the sides of said cap, and operating in the manner set forth.

=3. I claimthe combination of the'sliding bottom P and plunger S, with the hopper B, when connected and operated by a lever, '1, substantially in the manner and for the purposes described. 4. I claim the mould-box, composed of the bottom, f, with hinged sides, and the inner removable bottom 6, with hinged ends, arranged to operate in the. manner and for the purposes set forth. Witnesses: BOLIVAR BISBEE.

-J.- S. BB'ooKs, J. W. HOWARD.

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