US870351A - Harrow. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED NOV. 5, 1907.v

E. ETHRIDGE.

HARROW. APPLICATION FILED APR-3. 1907.

EDWARD ETHRIDGE, OF STATTLER, ARKANSAS.

HARROW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 5, 1907.

Application filed April 3| 1907. Serial No. 366.178-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD ETHRIDGE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stattler, in the county of Crawford and State of Arkansas, have invented a new and useful Harrow, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in harrows.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction of harrows, and to provide a simple, inexpensive and efficient one of great strength and durability having teeth capable of adjustment to arrange them either straight or at an angle, and adapted also to be left loose to avoid collecting and carrying trash.

A further object of the invention is to provide a harrow, adapted to enable the draft animals to be hitched to it at various points to change or vary the distance between the rows of teeth.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction and novel combination of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawing, and pointed out in the claims hereto appended; it being understood that various changes in the form, proportion, size and minor details of construction, within the scope of the claims, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawing :-Figure 1 is a plan view of a harrow, constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line x-:r of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on the line yy of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of the ratchet washer.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawing.

The harrow is composed of hingedly connected sections, which may be of any desired number and of any desired size. Each section is composed of a plurality of parallel longitudinally disposed bars 1 and transverse connecting metallic straps or bars 2 and 3, the longitudinally disposed bars 1 being preferably constructed of wood. The metallic straps 2 and 3 are arranged on the upper and lower faces of the longitudinal bars 1 at the terminals thereof, and at the centers of the same. The end straps 2 are preferably constructed of a single piece of material, which is doubled at or near the center, the doubled portion being extended inwardly from the inner longitudinal bars 1 to provide an eye 4. The eyes 4 of the sections of the harrow are arranged in pairs and are connected by U-shaped clevises 5, the sides of which form pivots or pintles for the eyes 4, whereby a double hinge joint is provided at each end of the harrow. By this construction, the harrow sections are flexibly connected and the clevises 5, which project beyond the hinge joints, are provided with shoulders 6 and have threaded terminals 7 for the reception of nuts 8, which are retained on the threaded ends of the clevises 5 by means of keys 9. The hinge joint is pre-' vented from spreading by connecting plates 10, arranged in pairs and located at the ends of the eyes 4. The outer plates 10 are interposed between the shoulders 6 of the clevises, and the outer edges of the straps 2, and the inner plates are interposed between the said straps 2 and the nuts 8. The projecting loop portions of the clevises are adapted to enable the draft animals to be hitched to either end of the harrow at the center thereof. Instead, however, of extending the end straps beyond the inner longitudinal bars, the extended portions or hinge elements may be constructed of separate pieces of metal, as will be readily understood.

The transverse straps or bars are secured to the longitudinal bars at the points of intersection by means of bolts 11, arranged in pairs and having nuts 12 at their upper ends. The nuts are locked against rotation by means of ratchet washers 13, which are also adapted to secure harrow teeth 14 at any adjustment.

The harrow teeth 14, which may be constructed in any preferred manner, have inclined blades or soil engaging portions and are provided with vertical stems or shanks 15, which pass through the longitudinal and cross bars at the centers of the points of intersection. The harrow teeth are provided at the lower ends of the shanks or stems 15 with shoulders 16, which engage the lower straps or bars, and the upper portions of the stems or shanks project above the cross bars or straps and are provided at opposite sides with vertical grooves 17, which are engaged by inwardly extending lugs or teeth 18 of the ratchet washers, whereby the latter and the harrow teeth are rigidly interlocked. The grooves 17 have inwardly converging side walls, and the inwardly projecting lugs or teeth 18 are approximately triangular to fit the said grooves 17. The upper ends of the shanks or stems extend above the ratchet washers, and are provided with slots 19 through which pass keys 20, which also engage oppositenotches 21 of the ratchet washers. The keys 20 are provided with suitable perforations 2O to enable locking devices to be employed for securing the keys in the slots of the stems or shanks. The ratchet washers have upwardly extending annular portions 22, in which the notches are formed. The ratchet washers are provided with outwardly projecting peripheral teeth 23, arranged at intervals and spaced apart to receive the nuts 12. By this construction, the ratchet washers perform the double function of locking the nuts and the harrow teeth against rotary movement. The inclined blades or portions of the harrow teeth are adapted to readily ride over trash, and will not collect the same, and they may be locked in a position longitudinally of the harrow or at an angle, and if desired, the ratchet washers may be removed to permit the teeth to turn freely to enable them to clear themselves of trash more readily, and plain washers may be employed when the ratchet washers are detached.

The harrow sections are provided with clevises 25 and 26, located at the opposite ends of the intermediate longitudinal bars, and suitable clevises may be con nected with the outer ends of the intermediate transverse straps or bars to enable the draft animals to be hitched to the harrow at the center of either end, or at diagonally opposite points. This will enable the harrow teeth to be arranged in rows of different widths.

The transverse straps. or bars are provided at points between the longitudinal bars with openings 27 to enable additional teeth to be mounted on the harrow sections, when desired.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1 In a harrow, the combination with harrow sections having transverse bars provided with eyes, pivots arranged in the eyes and hinging the harrow sections together, fas tening devices securing the transverse bars to the harrow sections and provided with nuts, harrow teeth, and means for securing the harrow teeth to the harrow sections, said means also serving to lock the nuts against rotary movement.

4. In a harrow, the combination of a harrow frame having a fastening device provided with a nut, a harrow tooth having a shank piercing the harrow frame, and a ratchet washer engaging and locking both the tooth and the nut.

5. In a harrow, the combination of a harrow frame having a fastening device provided with a nut, a harrow tooth provided with a shank piercing the harrow frame and provided with a groove, and a ratchet washer having exteriorly and interiorly arranged teeth engaging the nut and a groove of the harrow tooth.

6. In a harrow, the combination of a harrow frame, a harrow tooth having a shank piercing the harrow frame and provided with a groove, a ratchet washer having an intcriorly arranged tooth engaging the groove, and means mounted on the harrow frame for engaging the ratchet washer.

7. In a harrow, the combination of a harrow frame having a fastening device provided with a nut, a harrow tooth having a shank piercing the harrow frame, a ratchet washer engaging the nut, and a key piercing the shank of the harrow tooth and interlocked with the ratchet washer.

8. In a harrow, the combination of a harrow frame having a fastening device provided with a nut, a harrow tooth having a shank piercing the harrow frame, a ratchet washer provided with opposite notches and having teeth for engaging the said nut, and a key piercing the shank and engaging the notches of the ratchet washer.

9. In a harrow, the combination of a harrow frame having spaced fastening devices provided with nuts, a harrow tooth piercing the harrow frame at a point between the fastening devicesand having grooves, a ratchet washer arranged on the harrow tooth and provided with interiorly and exteriorly arranged teeth for engaging the said grooves and the nuts, said ratchet washer being also pro vided with opposite notches, and a key piercing the harrow tooth and engaging the notches of the ratchet washer.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aiiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD ETHRIDGE.

Witnesses W. G. Funny, C. M. Wonnonn.

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