US869600A - Superheater. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTBD UGT. 2

M. ToL'rz. SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JAH. 25, 1907.

Jn/ew: fr:

* STATES PATENT OFFICE.

, iriAfX Totraorsrf PAUL, MiNNnsorA, .issmNon or ONE-FOURTH To CHARLES Gunnar HAWLX, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SUPERHEATEB.

No. acaeoo.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ott. 2o, 1907..

Application tiled January 25 1907. Serial No. 364,154.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAX To'irrz, a citizen .oi the United States, and a resident of St. Paul, county of Ramsey, and State oi Minnesota, have invented a certain new, useul, and Improved Steam-Superhcater, of which the ollowingis a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in steam superheaters of the kind which Aare used upon, orin Connection With locomotive boilers, and has particular reference to improvements in superhcaters oi the class wherein' the superheating elements, or pipes, are situated within the lues of the boiler, and connected with headers which are located in the front end, or \sn1oke box, oi the boiler. The saturate steam header oi such a superheater is connected with the dry-pipe oi the boiler, and the superheated steam header is connected with the steam-chests oi the locomotive engines. The steam flowing through the boiler enters the saturate steam header and passes thence through the large number of small suL erheating pipes or elements which. are exposed to `the heat Within the boiler flues. Thcrein the steam is raised to a high temperature by reason oi the 'minute subdivision of the body of steam in the numerous pipes, coupled with the intense heat to which said pipes are exposed. VThe superheated steam is discharged into, or collected within thel superheated steam header, from whence it is supplied to the engines. Obviously, the capacity and eiciency of a superheater is principally dependent upon the number of the superheating pipes or loops employed, and to accommodate these loops it is necessary to relatively enlarge many oi the fire flues of vthe boiler, Convenience has seemed to dictate the location of the large lues in the central portion of the boiler, and because of the number oi superheater pipes, or loops, required, the practice has been todevote the greater part of the central portion of the boiler to the superheating oi steam. The enlargement of the ilues, reduces the effective heating surface of the boiler, and for this reason, and because the central flues of fthe boiler'are the most efficient in the evaporation oi water, many motive power experts have v objected to, and oppbsed'the use of superheaters, on the ground that the same detract from the efficiency oi the locomotive' boiler, already known to be lacking in size in comparison with stationary' boilers oi equal Vrated horse powers.

With the foregoing in view, a primary object of my .invention is to provide a locomotive steam supery heater, wlii'ch shall be so constructed that it may be -ments shall be oi uniform dimensions throughout, and

i 95 Still further objects of my invention will appearV applied to a boiler, without reducing'the number, or increasing the size of the fire flues in the centralpornon of the boiler. l p

More specifically stated, the object oi the invention is to provide a superheater comprising headers and a plurality of superheating pipes, or loops, which latter shall occupy enlarged lues'airanged in the outer, `lower` portions otthe boiler, leaving the central liues undis` I turbed and unobstructed.

The suprheateis which are now in common use in this and other countries, generally speaking, are o f two` classes. In the first class the steam headers are arranged in the upper part of the smoke-box and the superheating loops,or elements, occupy enlarged fluesi in the central portion of the boiler, and are bent upwardly and joined to lthe headers. 1n the second class', the headers are of an entirely different form, being'of greater number, and being arranged in a plane, or

planes, parallel with the front ilue sheet oi the boiler,

- and substantially covering the same, the sperheating pipes extending from the different portions oi the headers directly back into the fire liues. Superheaters of both types are objectionable on the grounds above stated, and are further objected to on the ground that.

the superheating pipes, or elements, `are difliculttovv remove in case they become leaky, and that the entire body oi flues' in the central portion of the. boiler, are

' made practically inaccessible, so that-,it is diflicultto inspect either the flues or the parts oi the superheater, or clean the same, unless the superheater is first removed. v

Another objec/t o my invention is to provide a steam super-heater ior locomotive boilers, which shall be of such construction as to leave `practically all of the fines open and easily accessible from the smokebox of the boiler. Further, to provide a superheater, every-part of which may bel closely inspected upon opening the iront end, or smoke-box. And a further object of my invention is to provide a steam superheater from which any superheating pipe or element may be removed without disturbing the others, and further, to provide a superheater, wherein the .superheating pipes or clehence interchangeable. ,f

'the smoke-box. p

that the ,headers are arranged one before thoothen and lfhe invention will be morereadily understood by ift-terence to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this-speciiication, ,in which,

- Figure 1, is a front end elevation of a boiler equipped with a super-heater, embodying my invention. Fig. 2, is a vertical sectionpon the line X, X, of Fig. l. I Fig. 3, is an enlarged .sectional detail or' the lower part of the snperheater and boiler, corresponding to the lower part of Fig.V 2, ongan enlarged scale'. Fig. 4, is a plan view ofthe parts-shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 5, is a detail'end view vof one of thebolts belonging to the superheater.

As s hown in the drawings, instead of locating my superheater in or at the middle of the boiler flue sheet 'I employ circular or annular headersj` leaving the greater number of the 'lues of the boiler undisturbed, and employing only theouter fines to contain the superheating pipes, loops, or elements. This is a chief characteristic 'oi my,` invention. The invention is further characterized bythe employment of two circular rows of enlarged tire tubes, and the arrangement of the annular or ringlike headers between saidcircular rows, 'the superheating elements or loops being connected to both the inner and outer sides or faces of said headers.

- .In the drawings, '1, represents the shell of the bollen-2, their-ont llue sheet ot' the boi1er; -3, the smoke-box, or front end ,-4, the smoke staek;5, the exhaust nozzle ,-6, the dry pipes;-and 7, 7, the steamv y connections. Most oi the ihres, 8, of the boiler, are of the usual diameter, but the outer .rows of flucs,

10, those nearest the cylindrical shell oi the boiler, are much enlarged, as'required to contain `the super-heat-v ingfpipes, or loopsf9. I arrange the large flues, 10, 10, in two circular rows,A one Within'the other. These lues do .not term complete circles,"A as they all must be be- '.neath the watei levelof the'boiler; nevertheless, for `convertience, I shall roter to the rows of fines, 10, -as

circular, or substantially circular, rows. I preferably employ superheat'ing elements, 9, which double return'loops, each thereof as shown in Figs.

Yf: d: 4, comprising lengths,4 91, and 92, having bent torwardends, to join the headers together with interme-v ,diste lengths, 93, and`94. The ends of the lengths, 91, and?, are' joined in the elbow vcasting, or return bend, 95, and 'the ends of the lengths, 9*, and 92, are similarly -ijoined by a U connection, or bend, 9. The forward ends oi' the lengths, 93, and 9", are joined by a short integral bend, 97. By reason of this construction, the.

steam which enters the superheating pipe or elementl through the end oi the length, 9, is compelled to travel lia-cl: and i'orth within the iireA this, twice, before escaping at the end of the length, 9`'. Gbviously, the steam'will take on a high temperature' while owing through the many loops, which provide a passage therefor between the boiler dry pipe and the engine steam chests. The ends, 9.1.y and 92, of the superheating loops are connected', respectively, to the saturate steam header, 11,'andto the superheated steam header, 12.

`lhese headers are of novel form, being substantially circular, or annular, and located close to tlieuwalls of Referring to ig. 1. it will be noted occupy thespaee between the rows of large tire tubes,

.16, in the flue sheet; that is,L `.he headers are ot less dissaeoo i ameter than the outer row of lues, 10, and ofgreater `diameter than the inner row thereof.

The positions of the loops, 9, Within the lues, 10, are well shown in the drawings, from which it will be seen that substantially the whole of each flue, 10, is lett open ne., is not covered by the headers; hence, said v.tluesA may be readily reached for the purpose ot inspection, or for cleaning the same and the superheating pipes. Furthermore, the ends of the superheatingV pipes are readily. accessible and in open view upon opposite `sides -0f the header-s. (see Figs. 1,2, a 3)..

the same cross section throughout, being a'thin rectangular bent tube, or passage. -It is not exactly circular, -'but is flattenedA at the top, and is there formed into a throttle-valve casing-.12C This portion of the'header 12, issuitably connected to the fiue sheet of the boiler, and contains the throttle-valve, 13, the rod, 13/ ,Wherein, works through a stuling box in the liuevv sheet plate. The forward end ol the valve casing is provided withpipe, o1" Y, isattached. It will be obvious that the same are tightly bolted together, but I prefer that the header and valve casing shall be integral.. The saturate steam header' is arranged in front of, and in line with the superheated steam header. If desired, it may be all eases a considerable crack, or opening, 15,*is left between the two headers. ,Thisopem'ng andthe adjacent end that'th'e superheatingelements may be of uniform length, and connected to the headers by devicesoi the nectors comprise short cross bars, 16, having seats, 16, in the headers, 11', and 12; .(see Figs. 3 and 4). The

v in th'e ends of the bar, 16, and registeryrith holes 11l and l2 in the sides orfaces of the headers. most convenientA means for securing the bar, 16, and as 17, which pass through the webs 14. The middle por# tion ofieach bolt is squared, to prevent its' turning in the hole, and the ends of the bolts are provided with 16, to clamp lthe samel on opposite sides of the headers. The cap nuts ot any particular bolt-beingremoved, said bolt'may be -slipped out, and thereafter theelements or pipes connected to the bars I16', 16, may 'be' readily in the headers, so that the superheater Imay continue in use. The forward edge orend ofthe saturate steam header', 11, is irregular. Thexsuperheated steam header serves asa receiver, whereasl'the saturate steam header sure the delivery gf the same quantity of steam to each ot' `the saturate steam header, in? proportion to theldis- The superheated steam header, 12,4 is of substantially ends, 9A and 92 o t' the superheating pipes, are secured- As the a means of securing the same in pairs, l 'employ bolts' cap nuts, 17, tobe screwed solidly againstthabarsi drawn forward out oi the boiler lues. It itis necessary to remove a superheating elementgwhen another is not at hand to replace it, a blind, or solid bar, 16,-is substilv tuted for the one removed, thesame closing the' holes.

a flange, 7, to which the flange`7, ofthe divided steam- 1 .85. header 12, may be made in several partaprovded the I sol joined thereto by integral connecting Webs, 14but in Y l ledges'or ends ot the headers 12, and 1'1, are in planes which are perpendicular to the anis of the boiler, to the same form and dimensions throughout.v These conf is in .contradistincti'on, a'steam distributer, and to inwl of the superheating elements I reduce-the cross-sectionV Y tance.betweengtheypoint ofsteam admissionyt'o each it flows to the throttle valve casing, l2.

uw, 1 1... l"

small section at 'the bottom. The upper ends oi the` header, 11, are provided with rearwardlyl extending elbowportions, 113, which extend backA over the header, 12, and terminate in'fianges, 114, which latter join `the .ends of the'twopart, or divided dry pipe, 6.l

18, represents a. bleeder pipe which leads from the valve casing, 12, z'. e., froml the superheated steam header, providing a conduit, through which a small quantity of superheating steam is discharged at all times,.to maintain a minimum iow oi steam in the superheater at times when the normal flow is interrupted by theclosing oi the throttle valve, 13.

The operation of my superheater is as iollows the steam vwhich enters the upper end or ends of the saturate steam header, ll, flows thence to the receiving ,ends or connections, El oi the numerous superheatin'g pipes or elements, 9. Passing through said elements, the steam having been superheated is discharged into the receiving or superheated steam header l2, whence From thence, Aifptlie throttle valve 13 is open, the superheated steam pases through the pipes, or the Y, 7, to the steam chests of the locomotive'engines. (See dotted lines, Fig. l.) Ii the throttle valve is closed, at least a small quantity of steam will continuously pass through the superheating elements, by reason oi the connection oi' the open bleeder pipe, 18, to the superheated steam header. lty

will now be seen that the several objects and advantages herein-before set forth are attained in the superheater herein disclosed. As this superheater is capable of modifcation'by one skilled in the art, and may be so modified without departing from the spirit oi the invention, I do not confine my invention to the specific structure herein shown and described. y Having thus described my invention, I claim as new,

and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. A locomotive boiler containing a substantially circular row of enlarged lire dues, in combination with a superl heater comprising substantially circular saturate and superheated steam headers, and a plurality ot' superheating elements arranged in said-ire dues and.connected with said headers, substantially as described.

2. A locomotive `boiler centaining two substantially cir' cular rows of enlarged dre tlues, in combination with steam Illperheater elements occupying said flues, and saturate yand supenbeated steam headers arranged between said rows and connected to 'said elements, substantially as described.

3. A locomotive boiler containing a substantially circular row of enlarged lire flues, in combination with superheater elements arranged in said ilues, a superheated steam header adjacent to said dues, 'in shape conforming to the row thereof, a like saturate steam header, and means connecting said elements to said headers, substantially as described. A

4. A locomotlvelboller containing a dry pipe and having a substantially circular. row of enlarged re fines, in comblnn'tlon with superheater elements occupying said flues, and substantially circular saturate and `auperheated steam headers connected to said elements, said saturate steam helder being connected to said dry-pipe, substantially as described.

5. A locomotive boiler containing a centrally located group of small dues anda substantially circular row of e1ilai-ged ilues surrounding said gropp of smaller dues, in combination with superheater elements occupying said ensoaeoo larged ilues, and substantially circular superheated and `saturate steamhcaders whereto said elements are connected. `substantially as described.

6. A locomotive'boiler containing a substantially circular.,row of enlarged fire ilues and provided with a dry-pipe, inV combination with a substantially circular saturate steam Iheader connected to said dry pipe, a substantially circular superheated steam header', u throttle valve provided in the latter, steam feed pipes connected thereto, and a plurality of superheater elements occupying said enlarged .nues and having their ends connected to respective headers, substantially as described.

rate and superhcated steam headers, and superheater elements occupying said iiues and having their ends connected to respective headers, said headers being arranged one in advanceof the other and between the rows of dues and elements, substantially as described.

8. A locomotive boiler containing two circular rows 0i re dues, in combination Withsuperheater elements or loops occupying said ilues, saturate and superheated steam headers arranged one in line with and directly in front of the other" between said rows of ilucs and the elements therein and connected to said elements, substantially as described.

9. A locomotive boiler containing two rows of enlarged fire lines, in combination with saturate and superheated steun: headers arranged one in front of the other in line with, and directly between said rows of fines, and a plurality ot' superhcater elements occupying said ilues and having their ends joined to the inner and outer sides, or faces, of said headers, substantially as described.

10. .ilucomotive boiler containing two rows of en' lurged fire ilues, in combination with saturate and super heated steam headers arranged one infront ot the otheras described.

12. A locomotive boilcr containing two substantially circular..rows of enlarged lire fines, in combination with a substantially circular superheated steam header arranged between said rows of Ilues adjacent to the flue sheet of the boiler, a like saturate steam header having its sides tapered, and super-heater elements arranged in said ilues and connected with said headers, substantially as described.

13. A locomotive boiler containing two substantially circular rows of enlarged flues,1n'combination with a superheated steam header of substantially uniformcross section, said header being arranged between and conforming to said rows of fines, a like saturate steam header of varying cross section, and superheater elements arrangcdin said fines and Aconnected to said headers, substantially as described.

1i. A locomotive boiler containing two substantially circular rows of enlarged hues, in combination with a plurality of double return superheater elements arranged in said Iiues and having curved ends, and substantially circular saturate and superheated steam headers, whereto the ends of said elements are connected, substantially as described.

15. A locomotive boiler containingA two substantially circular rows of enlarged iire tlues, in combination with superheater elements occupying said llues, n substantially circular superheated steam header adjacent to the flue sheet of the lboiler in front of and between said rows of ilues, a valve casing provided in the upper part of said header, a throttle valve therein, a substantially circular saturate steam header, and means connecting ends of said elements to said headers, substantially as described.

16. A locomotive boiler containing a substantially circui. A locomotive boiler containing two substantially cir- -cular rows of enlarged tire flues, in combination with satulnr ronv of enlarged iire ilues, in combination with substantially circular saturate and super-heated steam headers, a throttle valve arranged at the outlet of said superlzeated sienni header. u blender pipe leadingfrom the latter, and super-heater element-sor loops arranged vin said lues and connected to said headers. substantially as described.

1T. A locomotive boiler, containing two rows of enlarged {irerlues, in combination with saturate and superheated :11n houders arranged parallel with the tlue sheet, rela- L elfbetween said rows of tine-s and one directly infront of the other, the superheater elements or tubes arranged in i ilu connecions whereby the ends of theelements vin tlie different rows are joined to opposite sides of said headers, the elements in the different ro\\'s being paired andva single securing bolt for `the Connections of eaclrsuch pair of elements, said bolts having nuts on both ends and being held against rotation, ysubstantially as described. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, this V1l th day of January, 1907, in the presence of two subscribing .witnesses I MAX TOLTZ. Witnesses:

M. Sinon', A. W. NELSON.

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