US1010107A - Locomotive-superheater. - Google Patents

Description

Patented NQv. 28, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

l@ pi N l l i A. W.- ANDERSON. LOGOMOTIVE SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.11, 1910.

Patented NOV. 28, 1911 i A; W. ANDERSON.

LOGOMOTIVE SUPERHEATER.

,-ABI/ZLIOATION ILED APR,11. 1910.

Patented N 0V. 28, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SH-BET 3. n

@VMM/MMM @Mfr 'ra ANnnnwivILLrAi/r ANDERSON, or CHICAGO, iLLINoIs.

LOCOMOTIVE-SUPER-HETER.

To all whom it may concern:

lBeit known that I, ANDREW W ILLIAM AnDERsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the countyof Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Locomotive-Superheaters, of which the following is a specication. V

My invention relates in general to locomotive superheaters, and more particularly to superheaters of the smoke tube type for locomotives.

It is desirable that locomotive superheaters should decrease the heating surfaces of the boiler as little as possible, and should not interfere with the cleaning or repair of the boiler flues, .while the superheater itself should be composed of parts easily accessible for repair and as free as possible from joints which would be liable to leak. The

total cross section in area of the superheater should be as nearly as possible equal to that I of the steam supply pipe leading from the throttle valve, so as to permit free passage of steam to the steam chests of the engine cylinders without withdrawing the steam.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a locomotive superheater which will possess the above desirable characteristics, which will be simple in construction, economical in maintenance, and eiiicient in operation, and which will interfere to a minimum extent with the boiler and smoke-box. My invention will be more fully described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in whichv the same is illustrated as embodied in convenient and practical form, and in which- .Figure-1 is a central vertical longitudinal section through my improved superheater and the adjacent portions of a locomotive.

through v vof Fig. l1 showing my improved superheater Fig. 2'" is a vertical transverse section the locomotive smoke-box on line 2 in position thereon, a portion v'of the latter being shown in vertical section. Fig. 3 va detail sectional view, taken on the line 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 a horizontal sectional view through the portion. of the superheater containin the chambers to which the saturated steam is supplied and from which the superheated steam is delivered. Fig. -5 a plan viewf'of the superheater and adjacent -portions of the locomotive, the topl of the boiler shell being removed; and Fig. .6. an end ele- Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov.,- ae, ieri.

Application Afiled. April 11J 1910. Serial No. 554,800.

yation of one-half of the boiler header showing the arrangement of` u'es. f

Reference letter A i dicate's the shell of a `locomotive boiler, 'and i B rindicates the front flue sheet of the boiler through which extend the fire flues C, while B indicates the back flue sheet through which extend the opposite ends of the flues. i A

D indicates the smoke stack, while E in# dicates the exhaust nozzle leadingfrom the engine cylinder.

F indicates the steam supply conduit lead-v ing from the throttle valve. The above described struct-ure is that of an ordinary locomotive anddoes not in itself constitute my invention, it being shown in order that the position of my improved superheater may be fully disclosed.

G indicates a metal casing or housing, preferably formed in a casting and provided Awith an elbow conduit H. This conduit is secured to and communicates with the end of the steam supply conduit F. Any suitable means may be provided for securing a steam-tight union between the elbow con- ,duit H and the steam supply conduit F, such, for instance, as a flange h surrounding the end of the elbow H, which is bolted to a ring f surreuiiding the conduit F and .located inside of the Hue sheet B. A gland F surrounds the end of the conduit F Aand is clamped between the ring f and liange L, the engaged surfaces of the gland and end of the elbow H being preferablv beveled, as shown in Fig. 1, to insure a tight joint.

' -The casing G is located in the smol e-box vof the locomotive at a 4point slightlv above the top row of the boiler flues. and comprises two horizontally elongated chambers K and L, the former communicating with the elow conduit H and the latter with the steam chests of the engine cvlinders. through the medium of the conduit O extending from each end thereof and, coupled in .anv suitable manner around the outlet opening N `through the front wall of the chamber L.

Depending from the chambers K and L, and preferably formed integral with the casting G. are a pluralitv of headers K and L. Alternateheaders L communicate with the chamber L, while intermediate headers K communicate with the chamberK.

The'

headers are shown as nine in number and v so as to bestaggeredewith respect tothe vertical planes off the series of boiler 'lues C, as will be clearly seen by reference to Fig. 2. The adjacent headers K and L are placed in communication with each other through the medium of a plurality of vertical series of horizontal coils M, which extend within the boiler flues C,

each of the vertical series of coils M Aprefer.

ably consisting of four coils, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Each of the coils M prefer'- ably consists of a tubel m, communicating with a header K and-extending through the adjacent boiler flue C toward the rear ue 'sheet B. A U-coupling m is connected to the inner end of the ltubem and unites the same with a return tube m2 which extends slightly into the smoke-box, where the U' coupling mi unites the same with a tube m4- extending into the same flue C, the inner end of'which is in turn united by a U-coupling m5 with a forwardly projecting tube m, the y curing the increased capacity due to four coils in each vertical series, without necessitating the headers being projected down- 'wardly so far as to necessitate the too great lowering of the automatic damper mechanism, which blocks the draft through the boiler lines for preventing tlieburning out of the coils when steam, is not passing through them. f

I have shown in Fig. 1 the damper ar- .rangement above referred to, which. comprises two horizontally vpivoted dampers R and R2, fixed to oscillating rods 7" and r2, the latter being connected bycrank arms united by a link R. An arm S is rigidly secured to the rod 1", and is provided with a weight s, which normally operates the dampers to the closed position shown in Fig. l, thereby cutting oii the draft through the i'lues in which the coils are located. When the throttle valve is open and steam is passing to the cylinders,'steam also passesto a motor cylin.

der U, the piston in which is operatively connected to a crank arm T projecting from the rod r2, thereby oscillating the dampers to the open positions shown in dotted lines, so as to permit the fiues C in which the coils M are located to be subjected to the draft of the smoke-box. When the throttle valve'is' closed, and steam thereby cut oif from the cylinder U, the weight s falls by gravity and closes the dampcrs so as to discontinue the draft through the les in which the steam coils are located. -It will vof course be understood thatthe superheater 'is protected from the draft, except through the dampers, by means of a partition P, shown in Figs. 1 and 2. j A

The operation of Amy improved superheater will be'readily understood from the foregoing description. The saturated steam passes from the conduit F, when the throttle through the communicating depending headers K through the vertical series of.

lvalve is open, to the chamber K,vt hence coils M, back to the intermediate headers L',

thence to the chamber L, from which the served that there is no transverse header or chamber at the lower ends ofthe headers which would interfere with ready access to the lower row of flues C. V.It is further evisuperheated steam passesthrough a conduitl dent that by providing vertical series of coils in each of the vertical rows of Iflues, the capacity of the superheater may be variedv without complications or interference with the accessibility of thel superheating ele# ments, so as to as nearly as desirable equal# the capacity of the steam supply conduit F,

hence there is no obstruction to the free passage of steam through the superheater to the cylinder steam chests. Any -one of the coils M may be removed when necessary for repailrs without disturbing any of the other coi s.

My improved superheater reduces to a minimum the, danger of leakage, as no gaskets are necessary, the only-detachable joints being the usual ones communicating with the conduits O leading to the 'steam chests and the one communicatingwith the 'steam supply pipe F. It is also: evident that in my improved superheater all the superheat# ing elements are at all times in direct comi munication with both cylinder steam chests.

In order to get as high a degree of super-l heat as possible, I employ the four superheating pipes'in each superheating element connected in such a way with return elbows as to cause thesteam in passing from the saturated steam chamber to the super- 'heated steam chamber to make two double passagesthrough the small pipes in each large -boiler ue, thus insuring as high a degree of superheat as possible before the steam is allowed` to pass to the cylinders. In making this kind of a superheating ele- 'ment, I also cut down the number of joints or connections between the superheating pipes and steam header to the smallest possible number. These are the connections which give the most trouble in present superheateyrs. As shownin Figs. l and 2, I employ a T-header extending the -full width of the smoke boxj and containing va saturated .Steam chamber and. 'a' superheated steam chamber extendingthe length of the header and' located directly above the top `row of large superheater boiler fiues. These chambers have flat depending chambers locatedin the central planes extending between the vertical rows of large -superheater lues. These depending chambers are connected alternately tothe horizontal superheated steam and saturated steam chambers in the main body of the T-header. This' T-he'ader,

with its depending chambers, is made all of one piece so as to have no steam-tight joints to maintain in the maln header and its depending members. As shown' in Figs.'

l, 2 and 5, there are but two of the pipes out of the four constituting each superheating element that need to be connected to the adjacent superheated steam and saturated steam depending chambers, and as this is done at therear side of these chambers by simply expanding the pipes into the depending members, the inside width of these chambers canbe limited to the outsidey diameter of the superheater pipes. In this way the depending chambers canbe made so narrow'as to leave a channel practically the full width of the large superheating Aflues and extending the full height of each vertical row of large flues wholly unob-f` structed, and through these channels every large flue can be gotten at for. repairs and for cleaning without disturbing any part of the superheater. By using a small hydraulic jack screwed into the plug open- 40 ings in the front wall of the depending 'A chambers, the pipes can be jacked out of the Y adjacent headers simultaneously, and then by simply turning the superheating element an eighth to a quarter of a turn in the large ue to clear the forward ends of the pipes from the depending headers, any superheating element can be removed for repairs and returned without disturbingany of the others. By the use of this expanded pipe connection to thesteam headers and only having ythe necessary bridge metal between adjacent pipes, the depending chamber can be made so short as to leave the lower one or two horizontal rows of superheating flues totally unobstructed, which also leaves the necessaryl room for a simple and eiiicient damper construction below the headers. By the use of the flattened steam-pipe, which closely follows the shell of the smoke arch,

69 the top row of large tluescan be extended the full width of the boiler and still have the outside flues unobstructed for repairs or removal of the superheating element, by .-either the header-or the steam pipe, which 6 5 also allows of the full use of the total upper` two thirds of the flue spacel for the large ues for the superheating coils. This gives a maximum possible amount ofsuperheating area for a given size of boiler.

The construction of my improved superheater is such. that sharp bends are`eliminatedfrom the connections ofthe superheating elements with the headers, and in the headers themselves, thereby Vreducing to minimum the loss of steam head or pressure and internal losses in the flow of steam. The location of the headers between the front fiue sheet and the smoke box partition renders .unnecessary baffles between the headers and front flue sheet, thereby simplifying its construction. Another advantage resulting from my improved construction is that all of the coils or flue elements in each horizontal row'are the same, thereby reducing the number of differentially bent -coils to -the number of horizontal rowsl of coils.

While I have described more or less in.

detail the embodiment of my improved su. perheater herein illustrated and described,

'yet it is to beunderstood that my invention is capable of embodiment in other specific forms, and maybe changed structurally as occasion may require or circumstances may demand, without departing from the spirit thereof.

I claim 1. In a superheater forlocomotives, a wet steam chamber connected to a steam supply, a superheated steam chamber located adjacent to said wet steam chamber, headers depending from said chambers, alternate headers communicating with said first named chamber, and intermediate headers communicating with said second named chamber, said headers being located out of alinement with the boiler flues so as to permit access to the latter, the lower portion of said headers terminating above the level of the lower boiler iues, whereby an increased amount of superheating surface is secured without diminishing the damper space, and superheating coils located in said boiler lues and connecting adjacent headers, thel superheating coils in the lowest row of iiues being inclined upwardly at their ends, said superheating coils being secured to the rear portion of said headers.

2. In a superheate-r for locomotives, a wet steam chamber connected to a steam supply, a superheated steam chamber located adjacent to said wet steam chamber, said chambers being located near the top of a locomotive smoke box, headers depending from said chambers, said headers being stepped in wardlyand downwardly, alternate headers ing with said second named chamber, said headers seing located out of alinement with .isc

the boiler lues so as to permit access to the latter, the lower portion of said headers terminating above the level of the lower boiler iues, whereby an increased amount of su erheating surface is secured without diminlshing the damper space, and superheating coils located in said boiler ues, the superheating Acoils in the lowest row of flues being inintegral with said casting,

clined upwardly at their ends, said Superheating coils connecting adjacent headers and being expanded at their ends in holesl portions of said headers,

in the rear vertical of said headers being the front portion plugged opposite the connections of said su-v perheating -coils with said headers.

3. In a locomotive snperheater, a casting .located in the smoke box of a locomotive said superheated steam chamber, said headers being located between the vertical rows of boiler lues, whereby access may be had to the latter, said headers being terminated at their lower ends above 'the bottom row of boiler flues, and superheating coils communicating with and connecting the rear ends of adjacent headers, said superheat'ing coils being located inthe boiler lues'.

4.. In a superheater for locomotives, a wet steam chamber connected to a steam supply, a superheated steam chamber located adjacent to said wet steam chamber, headers depending from said chambers, alternate headers communicating witha-said first named chamber land intermediate headers communicating with said second-named chamber, said headers being located out of alinement with the boiler iiuesso as to permit access tothe latter, and a -superheatng element in each flue comprising a continuous coil of four pipes, the two front ends of the coil being bent laterally immediatelyl outside of the front ue sheet and expanded in openings in the rearsurfaces of adjacent headers.

In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name. i

ANDREW WILLIAM ANDERSON.

Copies of this patent may lie' obtainedV for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C.

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