US869155A

US869155A - Metal enameling.

Info

Publication number: US869155A
Application number: US35361007A
Authority: US
Inventors: Grace M Banning
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1907-01-23
Filing date: 1907-01-23
Publication date: 1907-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 1924-10-22

Description

PATENTED OCT. 22, 1907.

G. M. BANNING. METAL E'NAMELING.

APPLICATION IILBD JAN. 23, 1907.

" r": mmms PETERS cm, vmsnmcrmv. oc.

GRACE M. BAN NING, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

METAL ENAMELING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 22, 1907.

Application filed January 23v 1907- Serial No. 353,610. I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GRACE MAY BANNING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal Enameling, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the process of applying enamel to sheet metal, preferably brass, in such a manner as to produce a highly artistic and beautiful appearance.

The present process differs from previous processes in that the enamel is applied from the rear to a sheet of perforated metal in such manner that the enamel will be exposed, in the form of beads, through the perforations, which method of applying the enamel enables a large surface of perforated metal to be enameled, without difiiculty, by spreading the enamel over the rear or unexposed surface of the metal in the form of a coat or layer. This obviates the necessity for applying a drop of enamel to each of the separate perforations and at the same time renders the completed product more perfect than could be made, by the use of ordinary care, were the enamel applied to each hole in the form of an individual drop.

The product of the present invention is adapted for use in covering many articles of an artistic and useful character, such as picture frames, desk sets, calendars, telephone records, and similar articles of household use and decoration.

The ease with which the process can be carried on, and the chcapness of the product, enable the enameled brass or metal of the present invention to be widely used under circumstances which preclude the possibility of using enameled metal of the ordinary character.

The invention consists in the features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a front view of a picture frame decorated by the process of the present invention; Fig. 2 a cross sectional \dew taken on line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a sectional detail showing the preferred method of forming the holes and applying the enamel; Fig. 4 a similar view showing a modified method of applying the enamel; Fig. 5 a top or plan view of the enameled metal of Fig. 3; and Fig. 6 a similar view of the enameled metal of Fig. 4.

In carrying out the process of the present invention I take a sheet of brass or similar metal and emboss there- I then lay the emdesign required. By punching the holes with an awl in a soft background a bur will be formed in connection with the hole, which bur is preferably formed on the under or wrong side of the sheet of brass, although, if desired, the punching can be so performed as to bring the bur ointhe right side of the brass, depending upon the artistic effect which it is desired to produce in a completed article. After the holes have been thus punched in the brass the enamel is applied, preferably to the rearor burred side of the metal by means of a brush or similar implement. The enamel can be spread over the entire surface or along a line of holes which can be swept over by the brush in a continuous operation, and each of the holes will receive therein a drop or bead of enamel which will be retained in position by means of the bur which forms a socket similar to that in which a jewel is ordinarily held. The rough surface of the burs facilitates the enameling operation in that each bur will ordinarily scrape off from the brush a su'flicient amount of enamel to just fill the socket provided by the bur. Although the rear or unexposed side of the metal presents the appearance of having enamel daubed or smeared thereon in spots or blotchcs, nevertheless the front side, after the enamel has been spread on in the manner described, will present the appearance of perfect beads or jewels of enamel, each one separated from the others by a surrounding surface of brass, so that the effect of the completed metal sheet will be highly beautiful and artistic. If desired the entire surface can be decorated by applying enamel of a uniform color, although I have found that very beautiful results are obtained by using variegated colors, which gives to the completed metal sheet the appearance of a mosaic work of antique pattern.

Where it is dcsied to apply different colored enamels and prevent intermingling of the colors, and where the holes are too close together to permit the coats of enamel to be easily separated from one another, I find it desirable to. enamel in one color, and thereafter allow the color to dry before cnamcling in another color. In many cases, however, I have found it highly artistic to allow the colors to mingle more or less, which produces many beautiful streaked and variegated effects in the exposed beads or jewels of enamel.

Where it is desired to give to the completed surface the appearance of a number of jewels each one held in a raised socket, the punching can be performed in such manner as to bring the burs on the front surface of the metal, after which the enamel can be applied to the smooth or unb urred surface in such manner as to give to each head of enamel the appearance of a separate jewel held within its own individual socket. I have found that it is impossible to apply enamel in the manner above specified in cases in which the metal has been entirely removed from the holes by a dieing or stamping process, since in such case no socket is afforded tor the retention of the enamel. Furthermore, the roughened or burred surface iacilitates the application of the en amel, although it can be applied without difficulty to the smooth surface and worked into the socket with a brush if it does not readily enter thercinto. The enamel should be of sufficient fluidity to easily fill into the holes without running therethrough and smearing or mingling on the right side of the burs. Enamel of any ordinary character can be used.

In the drawings 7 indicates a sheet of metal, preferably brass, haying wrought therein-ridges or beads S which out line the design ,which, in the present instance, is in the form of a picture frame. The holes 9 may be arranged either in the form of a panel, or in the form of 1 rows, and cach hole has formed therewith a bur l0 preferably on the under side of the brass. The enamel, in the form of a. continuous coating or layer 11, covers the burred rear or under side of the brass over the punctured surface. It will be understood that in applying the enamel it is desirable to spread it only over the holes, although carelessness in this respect will only serve to waste the enamel witlwut impairing the value of the completed product. The layer or coating of enamel has formed therewith beads or jewels 12 which enter the holes but are connected with the main body of the enamel so that all the beads of enamel are in a sense part of the same coating which renders their breaking out or displacement practically impossible. After the enamel is dry it will be quite hard and cannot; be displaced except by breaking it out with a sharp instrument or cracking it by bending the metal. The enamel thus applied and hardened will never chip out under ordinary conditions, and will last for an indefinite period.

In Figs. l. and (l a sheet of metal 1 3 has punched therein holes 1 1 having burs l5 on the right side of the metal, and the layer of enamel I6 is applied to the smooth or unburred side, forming beads or jewels 18 which extend upwardly above the surface of the metal and are held in place by the burs. Where it is desired to give the ap pearance of jewels, or where a large number of holes are not desired, this style of euameling will be found yet y beautiful in many cases.

The above methods of enamcling are highly advantageous in inany ways. The work is of such light charactor that it can be easily done by women or children without the use of dies or heavy tools of any sort. The embossed pressed out ridges or beads serve to outline the design in a clear and distinct manner, and the pancls can thereafter be lillcd in with the holes and enameled, which produces a very beautiful and highly artistic effect. The present invention is not intended to take the place of the heavier styles of enameling frequently used in the production of jewelry, since it is applicable rather to lighter articles of ornamental usage. The enameling can be performed by unskilled persons and in an extremely rapid manner and without any danger of spoiling the work by carelessness in performing the enameling operation.

Although I have used in the specification and claims the term enamel, I do not intend to be limited in this regard, since I intend to include in such term any coloring substance having properties enabling it to be used in a manner like that hitherto described. In like manner I intend by the term metal to embrace any similar sheet substance which can be punctured to provide a bur and enameled in the manner heretofore described.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The process of decorating metal, which consists in first punching holes in the metal in such manner as to provide burs. a'nd then applying enamel to the rear side of the metal. allowing the enamel to fill into the burred holes, the latter affording sockets for the retention of the enamel, substantially as described.

2. The process of decorating metal, which consists in punching a plurality of adjacent holes in a piece of sheet metal and in a manner to provide a bur around each hole and then in applying enamel in the form of a continuous layer or coating over the rear surface of the perforated metal. allowing the enamel to enter the holes and be rctained therein, the holes affording sockets for the retention cf the enamel, substantially as described.

23. The process of decorating metal, which consists in punching in a sheet of metal a plurality of holes in a. manner to provide a bur around each hole and then in applying enamel to the burred side of the metal by means of a suitable implement. the burs serving to scrape off suliicient enamel for each hole. the enamel being thereafter retained in place within the holes substantially as described.

4. The process of decorating metal, which consists in impressing in a sheet of metal a design outlined by ridges. then in punching the metal surface intermediate of the ridges with a plurality of holes in such a manner as to provide a. bur around each hole and then in applying enamel, in the form of a. layer, to the rear or burred side of the metal. allowing the enamel to enter the holes and be retained therein by means of the burs, and be exposed in the form of beads or jewels, substantially as described.

7). As a new article of manufacture. a sheet of metal haying pierced therein a plurality of holes, :1 bur around each hole, a layer of enamel on the rear side of the perforated metal. and beads or jewels of enamel connected with the main layer and held within the burred holes, substantially as described.

(3. As a new article of manufacture, a sheet of metal having therein a plurality of holes, a bur around each hole. a continuous layer of enamel extending over the burred surface of the metal on the rear side thereof. and beads of enamel connected with the main layer and ent'cred within the sockets afforded by the burred holes, subst'unt'ially as described.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a sheet of metal, ridges outlining a design wrought in the metal, holes intermediate of the ridges, each hole having around its rear side a bur, a layer of enamel covering the burred surface of the metal on the rear side thereof, and beads or jewels of enamel connected with the main layer and entered and held within the sockets attordcd by the burred holes, snhstantially as described.

GRACE M. BANNING.

Witnesses SAMUEL W. BANNING. ll. ll. Boson.