US86869A - John f - Google Patents

Description

1.- F. SANFORD.

Lamp Burner. No. 86,869. i Panted Feb. 9;'1869.

Wfl/M5516; I

N-PETES. FHOTO-LITMOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D, C.

JOHN F. SANFORD, or KEOKUK, IOWA.l

Letters .Patent No. 86,869,.datccl Feb/rua/ry- 9, 1869i -Hok,

The Schedule referred toin these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

. Beit known that I, J OHN F. SANFORD, of Keokuk, in the county of Lee, and State of' Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements on Lamp-Burners; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being vhad to the accompanyingdrawings, making a part of Figures 6, 7, and 8, are sectional views, intended to show, more particularly, the construction ofthe burner.

Figure 9 is a perforated or wire-gauzey diaphragm, adapted for use at the base of the' chimney, as a protector and current-interoepter.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates, particularly, to certain novel improvements on lamp-burners, which are designed for use With oils the vapors of which are highly inflammable and explosive.

One object of my invention is to secure safety in the burning of such oils, by so constructing a burner that the conduction or radiation of heat from the dame shall not materially aect the temperature of the oil in the reservoir ofthe lamp.

-Another object is to prevent the communication of iiame to any portion ofthe lamp below the cone which surrounds the upper end of' the wick-tube, by the application, to the base of the said cone, of a perforated diaphragm, through which flame cannot pass.

Also, to so construct such diaphragm, that access can be had, through it, to the upper end of the wick; tube, for lighting the lamp, o'r for receiving a light therefrom, without removing the chimney of the lamp,

To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I will describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings- A' represents the cone7 of the burner, which is surrounded at its base by a flange, or rim, A, and which has an opening through it for the passage of' the flame.

.At regular distances apart, and affixed to the annnlar flange, or rim, A, are stirrups, a', which extend beneath this flange so'as to receive and afford a support for the chimney N, and allow the lower portion of this chimney to extend below the flange A, and form a skirtin g for concentrating the draught of' air on its way into the cone.

There are, also, spring-lingers a a c applied to the flange A, which extend above it, and press outwardly against the chimney N, thereby centiing and keeping it steady in its place' in the stil-rups c', as shown in fig. l. 'y

For thc purpose' of attaching the c'one and its flange to the wick-tube B, the arms b b are used, having clasps b l1', formed upon their lower convergent ends, which elaspsreceive and embrace the wick-tube, and also allow the cone and flange to be raised, or depressed, or removed, at pleasure.

To the base of the cone, a perforated diaphragm, P, is applied, which may be made of fine wire gauze, of perforated metal, of perforated glass, or of any other' suitable material.

This diaihrao'ni will revent flame from assin through it, and will consequently obviate liability of' accident 'om the flame or' the lamp communicating with any iniammable substance, or gas, on or about the lamp below the said diaphragm. It will also al-v low light to pass through it, particularly if it be made ofglass, thus preventing such a large shadow around the base of the lamp, as is found so objectionable in the use of lamps having the rays ofl light intercepted by imperforated plates, and burners, which, although perforated, do not allow light to pass downwardly through them.

One portion, or half of the circular diaphragm P, is firmly fixed to the cone and its iiange; the other half is hinged at n n, and provided with a pendent wire, p, ly which it can bedrawn down, as indicated in red,

The hinges are provided with springs, as shown, which will return the portion P to its place, when the wire p is released.

This hinged portion of the diaphragm will allow access to the upper end of" thewicktube B, for lighting the lamp, or receiving a light therefrom,', without removing the chimney.

To render this operation-very convenient, I form, in any suitable manner, an opening, N', through the base or skirting of' the chimney N, which opening may be closed, except in the act of' insertinga taper through it, by a valve, c, or other equivalent device, hinged to the edge of the annular flange A, as shown in figs. 1 and 4.

The perforated diaphragm l? is also designed to and will prevent a too rapid ascent of cool air to the iame.

It modies and softens the draught, and supplies heat to the air in its passage to the flame, so that cold currents or irregular currents shall not impinge-upon the naine, and cause it to dicker, or burn unsteady.

The wick-tube B rises from a disk, D, which should i be made of wood, or some other good non-conductor of heat.

The lower end of tube Bis' secured, hy a flange, J, or other' means, to the upper Yside of disk D, and the male screw L and lower termination B of the wick-tube are secured in a 'suitable manner to the bottom side of the said disk. Thus-it will be seen that the metallic continuity is broken by the disk D, and that injurious heat will not be conducted to that portion of the wiektube which enters the oil-reservoir of the lamp, or which is in contact therewith. j

The disk D may be made large enough to prevent the temperature ofthe oil-reservoir from being raised by heat which is radiated om the Haine, and by those metallic parts of the burner which are above this disk.

Figs. 6 and 8 show clearly this feature of my invention.

Directly above the disk D, a rectangular opening is made through one side of the wick-tube B. This opening is nearly as Wide as the width of said tube, and receives through it the serrated edges of theiviek-adjuster G, shown in iigs. l and 8.

The wick-adjuster() is a hub, having a number of wings radiating from its axis, and arranged, at proper distances apart, around the same. These wings have teeth or spurs formed on their outer edges, for penetrating the wick, and taking firm hold thereof.

Through the centre of the adjuster, a rod or spindle, g, passes, carrying a handle, h, on one end, which may be made of wood, or other poor conductor of heat, to prevent burning the ngers while adjusting the wick.

One advantage of the rotary adjuster C, over the spurred wheels hitherto used for adjusting wicks, is, that this adjuster presents rows of spurs nearly across the entire Width ofthe wick, and thereby acts uniformly upon it, While, with ,the narrow wheels, sometimes one side of a wick will be forced up, (or down,) Ywhile the other side is not acted upon at all, causing the'wick to clog tightly in the tube, and be unequally adjusted.

The spindle g has its bearings in two ears, G G, which are formed on a spring tension-plate, j.

The slot i, in one of said ear-bearings G, allows the Wick-adjuster to be readily removed from the burner, when the capE is notin its place.

The back portion j is bent, as shown in iig. 8, so that its upper end presses against the tube B, and holds the adjuster G in contact with the wick, u'der more or less springepressure, as may be required.

The bearing and its spring-back may be secured to the Wick-tube, as shown in iig. 8, or may be applied loosely thereto.

To prevent the communication of dame to that poreases? tion of the wick which is exposedhby making an opening in tube B for the adjuster C, a cap, E, made chiefly of wire gauze or other suitable perforated or iniperforated material, may be used,as shown in the drawings. It is held in place by the ear-bearings G, and may be removed at pleasure.

'By making a hole through the spindle g, and insert ing a pin, Z, which is attached by chain s to the disk D, through the'said hole, as shown in iig. 4, the wiekadjuster cannot be turned so as to raise the wick too high.

This dvice will serve as a precaution to careless servants, and prevent them from adjusting the wick so as to break or smoke a chimney.

It will. be seen from the above description. that my improved burner has no cavities or chambers in or about whereinfiammable vapors or gasesmight accumulate, w-hich fact is regarded as a point of superiority over all other lamp-burners for burning explosive oils.

In g. 9, I have represented a disk having a short tube secured .centrally to it, and also having a great number ofperibrations.through it. This disk may be made of wire gauze, or ol any other suitable material, and, when in use, it is slipped Aupon the wick-tube B, and adjusted so as to corne just within the bottom of the chimney. When thus arranged, the disk will pre` vent currents of old air from rushing tooviolently into the cone A.

This disk, shown in iig. 9, is especially designedfor use in sick-rooms, when a dim but steady light is required.

Having described my invention,

What I claim as new, .and desire to secure by Lety

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