US860125A - Fluid-pressure motor. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTBD JULY 1s, 1907. L. BQUDREAUX an L. VERDET.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR. v

AIPLIOATON FILED HAY 16,'1903 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented .my 1e, 1907.

Application filed May 16, 1903'. Serial No. 157,453'

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, LoUrs BoUnREAUX and LOUIS YERDET, both citizens of the Republic of France, and residing at Paris, in France, have invented a certain new and useful Fluid-Pressure Motor, of which the following is a specification. 1

This invention relates to an engine which may be constructed in various Ways and driven by explosions of a mixture of hydro-carbon vapors and air or by thatef any suitable gas and air or by steam, compressed air or any other suitable compressed fluid. This engine can be built either as a four-stroke or two-stroke engine, and is chiefiy characterized by its having four chambers constitutingf either, in the'case of a four-stroke engine four explosion chambers, or in thc case of a twostroke engine two airand gas-suction chambers and two explosion chambers. The explosion acts on pistons connected together and working in the said chambers, said pistons transmitting the movement to the Vso 'crank shaft by means of a single connecting rod andA av .single crank or any other suitable device ofthe same kind. f

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of one form of construction of the engine. Fig. 2 a long i- 'tudinal section of an engine shown in Fig. l modified so as to insure the cooling of driving parts. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of thc'construction shown in Fig; 2, the driving gear being arranged externally. Fig.v4 is a 'l longitudinal section of the engine according to this invention arranged to be driven by explosion of a mixture of air' and gas', these two fluids being compressed separately in the engine and by it. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the same motor for working as compound by the expansion of any suitable compressed fluid, such as, for instance, steam, air, etc. Fig. 6 isa longitudinal section of the same engine, in which the` driving gear is outside the cylinder instead of 4bein'ginside asin Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5. v Fig. 7 is an elevation illustrating the carbureterand the motor with its inlet and exhaust valves and pipes and the shaft and cams'foroperating the valves. :v i

AI construction accordingto this invention is illustrated, by Way of example, in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawing which shows the engine in longitudinal section'. The e'ngine comprises a single cylindricalpiston p reduced at both ends. The cylinders lmn are concentric and are. also-of difiere diameters corresponding to the sizes of thepi'st'ons The piston p slides backwards and forwards in cylinders l m n. Owing to this arrangement there are four chamhers a b c d. The piston p is shown' in the drawing cast in one piece but it can of course be made in several pieces joined together. In the construction illustrated, a connecting rod f pivoted at k tothe piston p, transmits the movement to the shaft h of thc ily-wheel through the crank g, but it is obvious that anycth'er suitable gear, internal o'r external, could be adopted, the arrangement of the motor remaining the same. The piston p is provided in the center-with two slots i, sufficient for the passage of the crank g, and connecting rod f, and two other slots j for the crankshaft h of the.

communicate with a common exhaust tube L. Tho

inlet andv exhaust are respectively controlled by valves,

M N O P for the admission and Q R S T for the exhaust, l

saidvalves being operated by cams, keyed on a shaft U driven from the engine.

The working of this'engine when uscdas an explosion engine, is as folleivs:`-'

First. As a four-stroke engine-In this case cach of the chambers a b c d serves as a chamber of a four-stroke engine and constitutes a cylinder. The .valve gear and the ignition are arranged and combined in such a Inanner that explosions take pla'ce'in succession, so that ourexplosion brings about compression the chamber in which the explosion ist take place next, this compression being effectcd without ptilizing the momentum of the fly-wheel `which is always necessary in other engines which have their cylindcrssidebyside. In c I the construction shown in Fig. 1 explosions take 'place as followsx-lirst in a, second in c, third inb, yfourth in t l d, third ini b, fourth an .explosion in one d, and so on, or: lirst in aJ second in c, and so on. But'in' both c, cylinder is always opposed by a cylinder.- I' y Y Second. A 's two-strokrcngin chambers a and mpression in another d are explosion clfambcrsi the cluruiborsb and c a'ic airandgas-suctionechnmbers such usare,conuuonl-y usml 4 in'two stroke'cngincs, when' Of Course, the functions.:oftlrci` iainlgprs couldfbc iii,-

u verted.

Iii thc construction shown in Fig. 2, .thcouisidc chauffbers a d, which, in the cngi-nesliown in Figi, are closed, .f

are formed vwith ports,lwl 1eu A portion l A the engine can be made to' comiiiu'nic `with ,theatmosphcre througha hollow extension of 'the pi on',

this affordingv natural--ventilation f the inside of the cngine'by the reciprocating xnovem'ent,of the pistbn pl The construction shown in Fig. 3 differs from that in Fig. 2 merely in that its driving gear being outside, the connecting rod f being connected to oneof the hollow extensions of the corresponding piston, said parts forniing a kind of hollowv piston rod.

In theconstruction illustrated in Fig. 1 if the engine is to be used as a two-Stroke motor, the compression of the' gaseous mixture can be effected' through the intermediary of the chambers b or c only in an auxiliary ihr- 1r mint-nire (nn-'be A .forced direct into a and' il, 'or into'intcnmulizuc iunlc's..-

' chamberr or s for compressing gas. In this construcshown in Fig. 3. Such an arrangement, shown in Fig.

' single opening `in the cylinder-m issuicient for the pas which all the pistons are connected. By arranging the driving gear outside the engine, it is very easy to cool tank, from which said mixture issuccessively supplied to the outside chambers a, and d. This arrangementv is very suitable for liqid hydro-carbone, but when it is desired to use, as driving medium, ordinary gas, it is necessary to have a separate compressing chamber for nir, and another for gas'. 'This latter construction is shown in Fig. 4 from which it will be seen that the two parts of the motor, situated on eachside of the central airis, each comprise a first explosion chamber a or d, a second chamber b or c, for compressing air and a'third tion, the gas and air are compressed during` one stroke of the motor in the chambers arranged at the side oppo site that in which the mixture acts, so that the actions tend to balance each other. The special arrangement of this engine with several opposite concentric chambers acting on a common central-transmission gear, is also applicable to engines with simple or multiple er pansionl ofanysaitable fluid, steam, compressed air etc:. The chief advantage of. this arrangement is Vthe suppression of piston rods passing through stuiiin'gl box'ws on the cylinder covers as well as of'cross heads@` This results in a considerabledecrease of weight and friction. The expansion chambers oi the motor can, in that case', be 'combined so as to obtainin thesame cyl. .inder simple, double or triple expansion, according to their number and arrangement. i

Fig. E; shows a construction of a double expansion engine for steam or other expansiveiiuid, in which the iiuid having acted in a, is admitted into c so as to act at low pressure, on the return'of thepistom simultaneously withhigh pressure steam admitted Vinto d.'

The various constructions with driving gear inside the cylinderwould be, of course,equally well arranged with that gear outside, in a manner different from that 6, consists in providing the piston p, in the centerI with across bar t projecting on one side beyond the lpiston by an armnt to which is connected the rod f, the other end of which acts on the crank h ofthe shaft g suitably supported outside'the engine. In this construction a sage of the arm uof the cross bar t. 'This arrangement enables two', or any desired number-oi, engines according to this invention to be connected to the so.rne'sl1 i ftL by means of a single connecting rod coupled toa rod to the piston in the case of an of a suitable liquid. p

In the construction shown in Fig..3 the liqriid`c'an circulate through one of the ends of the piston while in the construction shown in Fig. 5 the liquid'rcould be introduced laterally through a recess at any point in its middle; either by nians of a pump operated from the explosion engine by means piston, or by a ilexible hose.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isz- 1. An internal combustion engine comprising a main centrally arranged cylinder, two other cylinders of smaller diameter than, and arranged at the ends o1', said main cylinder, and two cylinders of smaller diameter than und arranged at the outer ends oi' said cylinders in.combination with a tubular multiple piston, having stepped portions sliding in the cylinders respectively, packing devices carried by each of the said stepped portions, a single pitman member attached to said multiple piston und u crank shaft driven thereby substantially as set forth.

`2.y In an 'internal combustion engine comprising a main centrally arranged cylinder, two othercyilnders of smaller diameter than, and arranged at the ends of,.said main cylinder, and two cylinders ofV smaller diameter than and arranged t the outer ends4 of said cylinders in combination with a tubular multiple piston, having stepped portions sliding in the cylindersy respectively, packing devices carried by each of the said stepped portions, a single. pitman member attached to said multiple piston and a c rank shari: centrally situated in the main cylinder substantially as set forth. Y

3. The combination, with a main, centrally arranged, cylinder.- twoother cylinders arranged at the ends of .said main cylinder and two cylinders, arranged at the end ot said cylinders, o! a tubular multiple piston having bearing 4surfaces which slideA yin' the tive aforesaid cylinders, a` single pitman member attached to said multiple piston and a crank shalt driven thereby substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with a main, centrally arraiiged, cylinder, two other cylinders arranged at the ends of said main cylinder and two cylinders, arranged at the end of said cylinders, of a tubular multiple piston having bearing surfaces which slide in the [ive aforesaid cylinders, a single pitman member attached to said multiple piston and a crank shaft centrally arranged in the* main cylinder substantially as set' forth.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a main centrally arranged cylinder, twovother cylinders of smaller' diameter than, and arranged at the'ends ot, said main cylinder, and two rearwardly closed cylinders of smaller diameter than and arranged at the outer endsof' said cylinders in combination with a tubular multiple piston, having stepped portions sliding in the 'cylinders respectively, packing devices carried by cachot the said stepped lportions, a single pitman member attached to .said multiple thereby substantially as 4eylinderfand two rearwardly closed cylinders of smaller diameter thgn and arranged at the outer ends 'ot said cylinders in combination with a tubular multiple piston,

having stepped portions sliding in the cylinders respectively, packing devices carried by each ofthe said stepped portions, a single pltmnnmember attached to said multiple fpisten and mcrank shaft centrallysit'uated in the main cylinder substantially as set forth. y In testimony whereof we4 have signedl our vnaines to this specification" in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

noms BoUDRnAUx.' noms vnsnnfr. 1

YWitnesses:

Doors Summen, J. Annrson Bowen.

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