US853748A - Baker's oven. - Google Patents

Description

l PATBNTBD MAY 14, 1907.

W. TANK. BAKBRS OVEN.

:A PILIUATION FILED NOV. 28. 19.06.

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No, 853,748. PATBNTBD MAY 14, 1907.

A fvvTANK. W- BAKBR'S OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 28.1906.

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WILLIAM TANK, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

" BAKERS OVEN.

Speceaton of Letters Patent,

Patented May 14, 1907.

Application filed November 28,1906. Serial No. 345,425.

To U/Z whom/ zit may concern."

Be it known that I, WILLIAM TANK, a citi- Zen of the United States, residing at New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans and State of Louisiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Bakers Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

My invention pertains to ovens and more particularly to bakers ovens, and it hasfor one of its objects to provide in an oven a furnace having a plurality of linings of fire-clay or other fire-resisting or fire-proof material, this being advantageous for the reason that when the innermost lining is burned out ,or broken or otherwise impaired, said innermost lining may be torn out and the furnace used with the other lining or linings, thus obviating the necessity of tearing down and rebuilding the oven after a short period of use, and the loss of time and production incident thereto.

Another object of the invention is the provision in a bakers oven, of a construction for efficiently disseminating heat under the baking surface and chamber with a view of uniformly heating said surface and chamber and avoiding undue heating of the same at the center, as frequently occurs with the result that the bread or other substance being baked at such point is burned.

Other objects and advantages ofthe invention will be fully understood from the following description and claims when the same are read in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal, vertical section of the bakers oven constituting the present and preferred embodiment of my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the oven taken in a plane extending through the fur-v nace or iire boX. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on a reduced scale illustrating the passages intermediate the lower and upper longitudinal flues of the oven. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section taken in the plane indicated by the line 4-4 of F ig.A I.

Similar letters designate corresponding parts in all. of the views of the drawings, referring to which:

A is the base of my novel bakers oven, which is preferably, though not necessarily, of concrete.

B is the ash pit of the oven, and O is the furnace or fire boX which has a mouth a formed by a metallic frame and also has a grate made up,eby preference, .of a transverse metallic bar b, longitudinal, spaced bars c removably arranged on the bar b and the hre-clay section d at the back of the ashpit, and a section e, of fire-clay or other refractory material, removably arranged on the frame a and the bar b. The removable spaced bars c and refractory section e are obviously susceptible of being readily replaced with new parts when burned out or broken.

In addition to the mouth c and the grate, the furnaceor fire-box O is provided with an innerlining D 1 of fire-clay or other refractory or fire-resisting material, and an outer lining resisting material. The outer lining E eX- and rearward over, under and at the sides of the longitudinal-central combustion chamber F which extends rearward from furnace or fire-box O, while the inner lining D rests in the furnace or fire-box O alone, and on the shoulders f with which the outer lining E is provided. Thus it will be apparent that when the inner lining D is burned, broken or otherwise impaired it may be readily broken and removed without the necessity of tearing down the oven or otherwise impairing the the same. The removal of the inner lining D will leave the oven with the outer lining E and it will be appreciated that such removal of lining D will prolong the usefulness of the oven as a whole without diminishing the efficiency of the same.

About the proportional distance illustrated above the furnace O and combustion chamber F is arranged the baking chamber G which, by preference, has its mouth h arranged below and slightly rearward of a vapor flue i. The baking chamber G has a bottom wall 7c of fire-clay or the like, and below this wall 7c and in a dead-air chamber H above the furnace O and combustion chamber F is a wall I having depending transverse portions J at intervals in its length. These depending transverse portions J form heat traps K which assist the dissemination of heat under the baking surface and assure said surface being uniformly heated with the result that there is no liability of bread or other substance located on the center of the surface being burned.

The top of the baking chamber G is preferably formed by a wall L comprising transverse rails m and sections a, of fire-clay or analogous material, carried by said rails g and E, also of lire-clay or other refractory or iiretends down to the bottom of the ash-pit B IOO lIO

above said wall L is a plurality of longitudinal flues M, and two cross-flues N N, whichis also a cooling flue R leading from the bakf ing chamber Gr, Which cooling flue is controlled by a damper S.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the products of combustion will pass from the furnace C and combustion chamber F through openings r and s, respectively, into the longitudinal flues P, and from the latter will pass upward through the upright iiues P3 to the cross flue N. From this latter iue N the products of combustion will pass through the longitudinal fines M and the cross flue N to the chimney or uptake T is the masonry portion of the oven and' U is the usual filling of refractory material arranged in the top of the masonry portion.

The general operation of my novel bakers oven is similar to that of an ordinary bakers oven andneed not therefore be described in detail.

It will be gathered from the foregoing that While my improvements contribute considerably to the durability and efficiency of a bakers oven they do not materially increase the cost ofthe same.

The construction herein shown and described constitutes the preferred embodiment of my invention, but I desire it understood that such changes in the form, construction and relative arrangement of parts may be made in practice as fairly fall within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I The cross flue N is connected in the.

claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

1. A bakers oven comprising a baking chamber, a furnace or fire-box arranged under the baking chamber, and a combustion chamber extending rearward. from the fur nace or fire-box and also arranged under the baking chamber the said furnace or vlire-box being provided. with an outer 'lire-resisting lining and an inner fire-resisting lining which inner lining is independent of the outer lining and is arranged to be removed without detriment to the latter and without affecting the operation of the oven.

2. A bakers oven comprising a furnace or fire-box, an ash-pit disposed below said furnace or fire-box, a comlnistion chamber eX- tending rearward from the furnace or lirebox, an outer lining` of fire-resisting material extending over, under and at the sides of the combustion chamber and also extending above and down at the sides of the furnace or lire-box and the ash-pit and having shoulders at opposite sides of the furnace or tirebox, and an independent inner lining of -lireresisting material resting on the shoulders of the outer lining and. independent of said outer lining.

3. The combination in a bakers oven, of a furnace or fire-box, a combustion chamber extending rearward from said furnace or 'lirebox, a baking chamber disposed above the furnace and combustion ch amber, a closed or dead-air chamber intermediate the furnace and combustion chamber and the baking chamber, and transverse portions depending from the upper wall of the closed or deaulfair chamber at intervals in the length of said wall, and serving to form heat traps.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ILLIAM TANK.

Witnesses:

A. Rrrrnn, lGEO. A. DARBY.

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