US849052A - Superheater. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED APR; 2, 1907.

- F. J. COLE. SUPERHEATER. APPLIOATIOIT FILED SEPT. 14, 1906.

4 BHEETBBHEBT 1.

' PATENTED APR. 2, 1907.

F. J. COLE.

SUPERHBATBR. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.14.190B.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED APR. 2, 19 07.

V F. J. COLE. SUPERIHJATER.

- nrmuumn FILED snn.14.19oe.

l SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Witnesses PATENTE-D Ari. 2, I907.

15' J. coma. SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 14,1906.

4 SHEETS-SEEET 4.

. WITH E8858 UNITED sTA'pas; PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCIS J. COLE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN LOCOMO- TIVE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SUPEHHEATEFI.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 2, 1907.

Application filed September 14,1906. Qerial No. 334,663.

To all whom zit may concern.-

'Be it knownthat I, FRANCIS J. COLE, of the borough of Manhattan, in the city and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Steam-Boiler Superheaters, of which improvement the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to superheaters of the general class or type in which the superhcater-pipes are located in firetubes of a steam-boiler, ah instance of which I is exemplified. Letters Patent of the United States No. 765,307, granted and issued to. the American Locomotive Company, as my assignee, under date of July 19, 1904.

The object of my invention is to provide asupcrheatercf such general type wl'iich shall embody as characteristic features of improvcment a substantial reduction in the number of joints required to be made and maintained. steam-tight; capability of ready removal and replacement of one or more pairs of superheatcrpipes without interference with the remainder of the appliance; cap ability of removal and replacement of any one or more of a set of vertical headers for renewal or repairs of the boiler-tubes in front of which they are located without disturbing other parts; tight and secure connections between the'superheater pipes and headers, and

exemption from any perceptible. degree of cooling of the superheated steam by the action thereon of saturated steam during the passage of the latter from the boiler to and through the superheating appliances.

The improvement claimed is hereinafter fully set forth. v

.In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1' is a vertical longitudinal section through the forward portion of a locomotive-boiler, illustrating an application of my invention; Fig. 2, a vertical transverse section through the smoke-box, showing the headers at the right side of the figure in elevation, two of those toward the left portion partly in section and one header at the left side removed and the adjoining header broken away, disclosing the front ends of the superheating-tubes; Fig. 3,

,a view in vertical transverse section, on an enlarged scale, of thelower portions of two adjoining headers; Fi 4 a front view, partly in elevation and part y in section and on an enlarged scale, of the T-head; Fig. 5, a horiz gnta section through two adjoining headers large-d scale, of portions of three adjoiningheaders, showing, partly in section, the superheater-plpcs connected thereto and Fig. 7, a side view, on the same scale, of a portion of *aheader, showing a lateral, ear or connection chamber thereof and its connections in section.

My invention is herein, as'in Letters Patent N 0. 765,307 aforesaid, set forth as applied in connection with a locomotive-boiler 4:, which is of the ordinary construction, and is provided at its forward end with a smokebox 4. A plurality of fire-tubes-d ordinarily of comparatively small diameter, extend from the lire-box at the rear end of the boiler, which is not shown, to thefront flue-sheet 4 and the products of combustion pass through said tubes and through a numberof tubes 67 of larger diameter, which are locatedin the upper and middle portion bf the space within the boiler and which will be herein jdescri tively termed superheatingtubes tot e smoke-box 4 from which" they are discharged into the atmosphere through a stack in the ordinary manner. Steam'is' supplied from the boiler to the cylindersthrough a main steam-pipe or dry pipe 61, passing through the front flue-sheet 4 and connected in front thereof to atransverse T head 62 62 from which. it is conducted through superheaterepipes 69, which with their connections will be presently described, and afterbeing superheated in said pipes passes to the cylinders through branch steam-pipes 63, located on opposite sides of the smoke-box.

In the practice of my invention I locate in each of the superheating-tubes 67 one or more pairs (preferably, as ShOWIlyflJlllPPGI and a lower pair) of superheaterpipes 69, said ipes extending longitudinally in the super .eatingtu'bes from a vertical plane ashort distance-say thirty inches or thereabout--forward of the fire-"box flue-sheet.

to vertical planes in the smoke-box forward of the front flue-sheet. The superheaterpipes of each pair-arc connected in U form at their rear ends, as by a return-bend 69 and are held up in normal position in the superheating-tubes by any suitableand preferred supportsas, for example, those set forth in Letters Patent of-the- United States,

' No. 782,489, granted to American Locomo- 1905. at their forward 61 and the branch locatedbelow the front portion of the supplyfront portion'of the supply-compartment 62 heated steam headers are respectively heatingtubes 67..

- compartment 62 ably secured thereto by,

tive Company, as my assignee, February 14, The superheater-pipes 69 are open ends, at which they,...communicate, throu h connections hereinafter described, with tie main steam-supply pipe or delivery steam-pipes 63, respectively, so as to constitute continuous avenues or channels throughout the length 9f which the steam which is to be superheated traverses from the supply steam-pipe to the branch or delivery steampipes.

The T-head is, as heretofore, located in front of the upperportion of the front of the sheet 4 and comprises a supply-compartment 62, to the middle of which the main supply steam-pipe or dry pipe 61 is connected in they usual manner, and a-deliverycompartment 62, which in this instance is compartmentan'd is separated therefrom by a partition-wall, which may, if preferred, be made double, so as to provide an intervening space for preventing transfer of heat from one compartment to the other. The branch or delivery steamzpipes 63 are connected to the ends of the ehvery-compartment 62.

Aplurality of vertical headers 7 O extend downwardly saturated steamfrom the of the T-heald and a plurality of vertical superheated-steam headers 70, tially similar in form, but of different length, extend downwardly from the front ortion of the delive -compartment 62 of the T-head. The saturated andsuperia ternated in position across the front .0 the T-head, and the centralplanes of'the headers are located on opposite sides of the central planes of the vertical rows of super- The headers 70 70 are each independently insertible on and; removable from the T-hejad and are detachbolts 71. Ports 62 in the'front wall of the supplycompartment 62 ofthe T-hefil registerwith corresponding "orts in the rear walls of the saturatedsteam headers 70 at the tops thereof, and ports 62 in the front ,wall of the deliveryof the T-head register with corresponding ports in the rear walls lent attachment of the superheated-steam headers '70 at the tops thereof.

' The connectionof the ends of the steamsuperheatin'g channels formed by the super heater-pipes 69 to the saturated and the superheated steam headers, respectively, in such manner as, to effect number of steam-ti ht joints, insure tight joints, and admit o the ready and convenanddetachment of any one or more pairs of superheater-pi es toand from'the headers, is a leading an si es.

substanthe pi e-collars are adjuster more clearly appear zontal section,

connected to the rear ends of saturated and a superheated steam header,

a reduction in the struction herein exemplified as desirably adapted for the attainment in practical and regular service of the results above stated is as follows,

Lateral tubular ears or connection-chambers 7O are formed integral with the body of each of the saturated, and superheated steam headers 70 70?, said ears being so disposed in number and location on the several headers that there shall be an ear. on each header in advance of each of the several superheatihg-tubes 67, which adjoin said header. Thus,- from Fig. 2, the two outer superheatedsteam headers 7 0 are provided with two ears on their inner sides in advance of the two adjoining superheating-tubes and have no ears on their outer sides,there being no su erheating-tube's adjoining them on those All of the intermediate headers, each of them being located between two vertical rows of superheating-tubes, are provided with ears on both sides, the ears corresponding in number and location on the headers with the adjoining superheating-tnbes.

The ears 70" are 0 en at their front and rear ends, at which t ey are recessed, to receive a suitable packing, (which in this instance is shown as a copper ring 70,) against which packings collars 69 on the front ends of the pairs of sriperheater-pi es 6Q abut, and and held to a tight eari onthe packings by rocking or curved-face glands or followers70, lit-ting against the pipe-collars and connected by bolts 70, extending above and below the as will be seen 1 ears and provided with nuts 70 on their' ends. The forward end of one of the pipes of each pair of superheateripes is connected in the manner above described to an ear 70*" on one'ofthe saturated-steam headers 70-, and the'forward' end of the other pipe of the pair is similarly connected to an adjacent ear on one' of the superheated-steam headers 7 O. The provision for the'traverse of steam through the sdperheateripes from the satu rated to the superheata steam headers will byreference to the horiig. 5, from which it will also be seen that the superheater-pipes of the lower pair in each superheati'ngtube are the ears of-a respectively, while the pipes of the upper air in the same tube are connectedto the. out ends of the same earsl The pipes of theupper pairs are bent downwardly and rearwardly in to bring their ends into line axially with the ears and are also bent outwardly or away fromthieentral plan of the vertical rows of superheating-ltubes, o as to leave .,of-..the con clear spaces are 1, 0 nuts I necting-bol ta 70 p!- the app 'cationofa froht of the ears in order wrench in screwing them saturate I negate bea r on the ad acent. glands The plugs s own in the lower ends of the headers are provided merely for closing the openings left therein in coring them and-are not in-. tended to be removed; the use ofthelapplian'ce. The connection of the super-heaterpipes to the headers in the manner above described has the further advantage of enabling the front openings in the headers and their removable closing-plugs, which have been used in several pr1or constructions of the general type to which my invention relates, to be entirely dispensed with.

In operation saturated steam from the boiler passes through the dry pi e 61 into the supply-compartment 62 of t 1e T-head and thence into the set of communicating saturated-steam headers 70, from which it passes, first rearwardly and then forwardly, through the airs of'connected superheaterpipes 69 ant? thence into and through the communicating superheated-steam headers 70, being in its traverse through the headers and superheater-pipes thoroughly superheated by the hot products of combustion which pass through the superhcatin -tubes inclosing the superheater-pipes and through the smoke-box. The superheated steam asses from the superheated-steam headers 70 into theeommunicating delivery compartment 62 of the T-head and thence through the branch steam-pipes 63 to the engine-cylinders for utilization therein.

It will be obvious to those familiar with locomotiveboiler construction and operation that the assembling and taking down of the entire superheating appliance and the re moval and insertion of any desired part or parts thereof as may from time to time become necessary ordesirabl'e are greatly facilitated by the provision of the independently attachable and detachable vertical headers and the connection of the superheater-pi es to lateral tubular ears on the d and superheated steam-headers alternately in the manner herein set forth. Any of the headers and its connected ipes may be readily taken down and re aced Without disturbing the remainder of t e apparatus in case renewal or rep air of a boiler tube or tubes behind such header should be required, and by merely removing four bolts any pair of superheat'er-pipes can be withdrawn without interference with any part of the appliance exterior to the superheating tube on which said pair of pipes is located.

The number of joints is substantially reduced as comparedwith prior constructions, and the improved manner of connecting the suplerheater pipes to the} headers enables tig t joints at these connections to be eilectual y made and maintained.

be seen that as the saturated and super heated steamheaders, are completely sepato' ithe required It Will further rated and as no opportunity ijdi ,transfer of heat from the superheatedto'the saturated steam is afforded except throu bout the limited area of the partition-wail which separates the two compartments of the T-head.

(which wall may, as before stated, be made double, if desired, with an intervening airspace) no perceptible or substantial loss of heat from such transfer will be found in ractice. The form and location of the"headersare also such as to expose a'large area of .ef-- fective heating-surface to the action of the hot products of combustion passing through the smoke-box.

I claim asmy invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent a 1. The combination, with a tubular steam boiler, of a T-head divided into-supply and delivery compartments, a vertical saturated" steam header and a vertical-superheatedsteam header communicating, respectively, With the supply'and the delivery compartments, anda pair of superheater pipes com municating at their forward ends with the saturated and the superheated steam headers, respectively, connected laterally to said. headers.

2. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a T-head divided into supply and.

delivery compartments, a vertical saturatedsteam header and a vertical superheatedsteam header, each extending downwardly from the T-head,'and'communicating, respectively, with the supply and the delivery compartments thereof, and a pair of superheater-pipes communicating at their forward 1 ends with the saturated and the superheated steam headers, respectively.

3. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a T-head divided into supply and delivery compartments,- a' vertical saturatedsteam header and a vertical s u erheated steam header independently and etachably connected to said T-head and communicatin. respectively, with the supply ,and the de ivery compartments thereof, an d a air of superheater-p pes communicating at t eir IIO forward ends with the saturated and the superheated steam-headers, respectively.

4; The combination, with a tubular steam-- boiler, of a Turead divided into supply and delivery compartments, a vertical saturatedstcam header and a vertical su' erheatedsteam header communicating wit the sup" ply and the delivery compartments, respectively, a superheating-tubc located beloW' the T-head, and a pair of superheater-pipes extending in the superhoatingtube, and conunumcating,through lateral connections, with the saturatedesteam header and the su erheated-steai header Jectivel 5. The combination, with a tubular steam?" boiler, of a T-head divided'into supply and delivery compartments, a vertical saturated steam header and a vertical superheated- I steam header communicating with the supply and the delivery compartments respectively, superheatingtubes located below the Thead, pairs of superheateripes extending in the superheatin -tubes, an lateralconnecpipeslocated in the superheating-tubes and connected at their front ends to ears-on a saturated and a superheated-steamheader,

I Go

= tubes an respectively. a

7 The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a T-head divided into supply and delivery compartments, superheating-tubes,

vertical saturated-steanr headers communieating with and connected detach-ably to the supply-compartment and havin lateral tubular ears, vertical superheate steam headers communicating with and connected.

detachably to the delivery compartment having lateral tubular ears, and pairs of superheater-pi es located in thesuperheatingconnected at their front ends'to ears on a saturated and a superheated steam header, respectively.

8. The combination, 'with a'tubular steamboiler, of a T-head divided into supply and deliverggcompartments, a vertical saturatedeader and a vertical superheated-' steam 5 steam header communicating, respectively, with the supply and the delivery compart ments, a pair of su erheater-pi escommunicating at their '45 orwarden s with the saturated and the superheated steam headers, respectively, and connected to the rear ends of lateral tubular ears on said headers,

anda pair of superheater-pipes communicating at their forward ends with the saturated-and the superheated steam headers, res ectively, and being bent downwardly and rearwardly and connected tothe front ends of lateral tubular ears on said headers.

9. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of vertical rowsof superheating-tubes, pairs of su erheater-pipes extending lon itudinally t rein, fittings connecting t e ends of the pipes of each pair nearer the thebox, a main steam-supply pipe, a steam-delivery pipe, a plurality of vertical saturatedsteam headers and vertical superheatedsteam headers, disposed; in alternated position, in advaricepf the superheatingtubes, and communicating with the steam-supply pipe and with the steam-delivery pipe, re'speclateral tub'u ar ears, vertical super tively, and connections cou ling the forward ends of each pair of superheater-pipes to a saturated-steamheader and to a superheatedsteam header, respectively, upon the sides of said headers.

10. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of ,a plurality of saturated -steamheaders, each communicating with a steamsupply pipe, a plurality of, alternately-disposed superheated-steam headers, each communicatmg with a steam-deliver pipe, all of said headers'being formed with ateral tubula'r ears or, connecti.on-chambers, a plurality of pairs of superheater-pipes, and connections cou ling-the forward ends of each pair of suer eater- 'pes to ears-on-a saturated-steam eader an a superheated-steam header, re-' spectively, I

1 1. The eombination, with a'tubular steamboiler, of a plurality of saturated-steam hea'ders, each communicating with. a steamsupply pipe, a plurality of alternately-dis posed superheated-steam headers each 'communicating with a steamwdelivery pipe, all of said headers being formed with open-ended lateral tubular ears .or connectiomchambers, aplurality of airs of superheateripes having their forwar ends 'cou led to t e rear ends of cars on fa saturate and a superheated steam header, res ecti-vely, and a plurality of pairs of super eater-pipes having their forward ends coupled to the forward ends of ears on a saturated and a superheated steam header, respectively. 12; In a steam-boiler superheater, the

combination of a vertical casing or headerhaving an upper port or opening for communication with a T-head compartment and lateral tubular ears or connection-chambers, and superheateripes connected to said lateral connection-chambers.

13. In a steam-boiler superheater, the combination of a vertical casing or header having an upper port or opening for communication with a T-head compartment and lateral open-endedtubular ears or copnec-' tion-chambers, superheater pipes having strai ht ends connected to the rear ends of said ateral connection-chambers, and superheater-pipes having downwardly and rearwadly bent ends connected to the forward ends of said lateral connection-chambers.

14. In a steam-boiler superheater, the combination of a vertical casing or header having an upper port or opening for commu. nieation with a T-head compartment and,

lateral open-ended tubular ears or connectionchambers, superheater-pipes registering with the open ends of the lateral connectionchambers, packing interposed between said cham-' bers and the ipe ends, glands or followers bearing on co are on the ipes, and bolts connecting said glands or fo owers.

15. In a steam -boiler superheater, the. I

combination of a vertical casing or header having an upper port oropening for communication with a T-head compartment and lateral open-ended tubular ears or connecboiler superheaters which are-connected at tion-chambers rovided with end recesses, packing inserte in said recesses, superheaterpipes registering with the open ends of the lateral connection-chambers and bearing on the packing, glands or followers bearing on collars on the pipes, and boltsconnccting said glands or followers.

16. In a steamboiler superheater, the

combination .of a vertical casing or header having an upper port or opening for communication. with a T-head compartment and lateral open-ended tubular ears or connection-chambers, superheater-pipes registering with the open ends of the lateral connectionchambers, packing interposed between said chambers and the pipe ends, rocking or curved-faced glands or followers bearing on collars on the pipes, and bolts connecting said glands or followers.

17. In a steam boiler superheater,- the combination of a vertical casing or header having an upper port or opening for communication with a 'T-head compartment and lateral open-ended tubular ears or connectionchambers, superheater-pipes having straight ends registering with the 0 en rear ends of the lateralconnection-chain ers, superheater-pipes having downwardly, rearwardly and outwardly bent ends registerin with the open'forward ends of the latera connection-chambers, glands or followers bearing on collars on the pipes, and bolts connecting said glands, the bolts adjoining I the bent ipes being cleared for access by the outward ends of said pipes.

18. A vertical casing or header for steam-- boiler superheaters having an upper port or opening for communication with a T head compartment, and lateral tubular ears or connection-chambers which are open at both their forward and rear ends for connection compartment, and lateral tubular ears or connection-chambers which are open at both their forward and rear ends for connection with the forward ends of superheater-pipes compartments to which the saturate and are recessed at their ends for the redep- I:

tion of packing.

20. A pair of superheater-pipes for steamtheir rear ends in U form, and having one of their forward ends straight and the other bent in U form, both ends being provided with collars for connection to headers.

21. A pair of superheater-pipes for steamboiler superheaters which are connected at their rear ends in-U form, and provided with collars on their forward ends for connection.

to headers, and are bent in U form downsaid saturated and ssuperheated ments, and a plurality of pairs of superheater-pipes, the forward ends of each of which are connected to the sides of a saturated and a superheatedsteam header, respectively.

23. In a steam-boiler superheater, the combinationof a verticalcasmg or header, and a plurality of'superheater-pipes communicating directly-therewith through both the front and back ends of lateral connections.

24;. In a steam-boiler sufperheater, the

combination of a plurality o rated-steam headers and vertical superheated steam headers, a T-head extending transversely'in the smokebox and having two and the superheated steam headers are, respectively, connected, and a plurality of pairs of superheater-pi es extendingin U form rearwardly from t e'hea'ders, the forward end of one pipe of each pair being connected to a saturated-steam header andthe other 'end to a superheated-steam header.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR JoBIN, JAs. M. POWELL.

vertical satu- FRANCIS J. coLn

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