US795260A - Steam-boiler superheater. - Google Patents

Description

No. 795,260. PATENTED JULY 18, 1905.

F. J. COLE & H. B. OATLBY.

STEAM BOILER SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

mokzwnmmmmmwnncnmmwummnc No. 795,260. PATENTED' JULY 18, 1905. F. J. COLE & H. B. OATLEY. STEAM BOILER SUPBRHEATER.

APPLIOATIOH FILED JUNE 3, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

(ya/nraa f 032% NITED STATES Patented July 18, 1905.

PATENT OEEIcE.

FRANCIS J. COLE AND HENRY B. OATLEY, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO AMERICAN LOCOMOTIVE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

STEAM-BOILER SUPERHEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 795,260, dated July 18, 1905.

Application filed June 3,1905. Serial No. 263,595-

To a, whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANCIS J. COLE and HENRY B. OATLEY, of Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Steam-Boiler Superheaters, of which improvement the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to superheaters of the general class or type exemplified in Letters Patent of the United States No. 765,307, granted and issued to the American Locomotive Company as assignee of Francis J. Cole under date of July 19, 1904; and its object is to provide a superheating appliance of such type in which the several currents or bodies of steam passing through the same shall be more fully and thoroughly exposed to the hot gases than in prior constructions and the superheating of the steam be consequently more fully and effectively performed.

The improvement claimed is hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal central section through the smoke-box and a portion of the waist of a locomotive-boiler, illustrating an application of our invention; Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale 0 and on the line a a of Fig. 3, through the T- head, one of the headers, and the connected superheater-pipes; Fig. 3, a front view, partly in section, of slightly more than one-half of the T-head with one of the headers detached 3 5 and indicated in broken lines; Fig. 4, a horizontal longitudinal central section on a further enlarged scale through one of the headers and a superheating fire-tube and through the superheater-pipes located in said tube; and

Figs. 5 and 6, transverse sections on the lilies b b and c 0, respectively, of Fig. 4.

Our invention is herein, as in Letters Patent No. 765,307, aforesaid, exemplified as applied in connection with a locomotive-boiler 5 4, which is of the ordinary construction and is provided at its forward end with a smokebox 4, which is supported upon the usual cylinder-saddles 12. A plurality of firetubes 4, ordinarily of comparatively small diameter, extend from the fire-box at the rear end of the boiler, which is not shown, to the front flue-sheet 4 and the products of combustion pass through said tubes and through other tubes, which will presently be described, to the smoke-box 4 from which they are discharged into the atmosphere through the stack 4*. Steam is supplied from the boiler to the cylinders through a main steam-pipe or dry-pipe 61, passing through the front flue-sheet 4 and connected in front thereof to a transverse T-head 62, from which branch steam-pipes 63, located on opposite sides of the smoke-box, lead to the cylinders. The exhaust-steam is discharged from the cylinders through a vertical exhaust-pipe 64, secured to the saddles 12 in line axially with the stack, and in the in stance shown two petticoat or draft pipes 65 66 are interposed between the exhaust-pipe and the stack. The smoke-box is, where solid fuel is used,fitted with a spark-arresting appliance of any suitable and preferred construction, which is here shown as comprising a diaphragm or deflecting plate 4 and a sheet of netting or perforated plate 4 In the practice of our invention we substitute in lieu of a number of the usual smalldiameter fire-tubes 4 in the upper and middle portion of the space within the boiler which would in the usual practice be occupied by such number of said tubes a correspondingly-smaller number of tubes 67 of greater diameter, which will be descriptively termed superheating -tubes, said superheating fire-tubes extending between and being expanded into the front fluesheet 4 and the rear or fire-box tube-sheet. Within each of the superheating'tubes 67 there is located a system of superheater-pipes of the following construction: An inner superheater-pipe 68 is inclosed within an outer superheater-pipe 69, said pipes extending longitudinally in the superheating-tubes from a vertical plane a short distancesay thirty inches or thereaboutforward of the fire-box tube-sheet to 1 vertical planes in the smoke-box forward of the T-head. The annular space between the inner and outer superheater-pipes of each superheating-tube, whiclrconstitutes a steamchannel, is closed at the end thereof nearer the fire-box either by an annular plug interposed between and secured to the pipes or preferably, as shown, by swaging down the outer pipe and welding it to the inner one. The superheating-pipes are disposed in the superheating-tubes 67 in such manner as to give as much clear space as possibe in the lower portions of the tubes, as shown in Fig. 5, in order to reduce to a minimum the tendency of soot and cinders passing through the tubes to be retained in and clog the same. The connected rear ends of the superheaterpipes are held in normal position by any suitable and preferred supports, which in this instance are shown as bent metal bridgepieces 69 secured to the closed ends of the outer superheater-pipes and having curved feet fitting the inner surface of the superheating-tubes, and the forward ends of both the inner and. outer superheater-pipes are open, the pipes being connected at said ends to headers, as presently to be described. The outer superheater-pipes 60 are made of sufliciently small ,diameter to permit free passage of theproducts of combustion around them through the superheating-tubes, and the inner superheater-pipes 68 are made of sufliciently smaller diameter than the outer ones to provide space between the two for the passage of steam. The space within the inner pipe of each pair, similarly to that around the outer pipe, constitutes a channel for the passage of the products of combustion.

An intermediate partitionpipe 68, which is open at each of its ends, is interposed between the inner and outersuperheater-pipes of each pair, said intermediate pipes dividing the annular steamchannels into inner and outer compartments and terminating a short distance forward of the closed ends of the outer superheater-pipes, and the three pipes 69 6S 68 of the set or system in each srnperheating-tube are so connected with the main-supply steam-pipe 61 and the branch or delivery steam-pipes 63 as to constitute a continuous avenue or channel. throughout the length ofwhich the steam which is to be superheated traverses first backwardly and then forwardly within the superheatingtubes in its passage from the supply steam-pipe to the branch or delivery steam-pipes. end the outer superheater-pipes 69, which are located in each vertical. row of superheating-tubes, are connected at their forward ends to the rear wall of a vertical casing or header 70, which is divided by a central transverse partition into a front chamber 70 and a rear chamber 70 The headers 70 are set side by side and as closely as practicable together in. the smoke-box l, the upper portions of their rear sides abutting against To this l l l I l l l l l f; l r l l l l I i the front of the T-head 62, which is connected to the delivery end of the main steamsum 1y pipe 61, and the headers are preferably, as shown, independently insertible and removable. The forward ends of the inner superheater-pipes 68 are connected to the front walls of the headers, and the forward ends of the partition-pipes 68 are connected to the partitions 7O of the headers.

In order to enable any set or system of the superheater-pipes to be readily packed and removed when desired without interference with others in the system, they are connect ed to the headers 70 in the following manner: The forward ends of the outer superheaterpipes 69 are secured to the rear walls of the headers by taper steel ferrules 70, driven into place between. turned seats on the pipes and tapered openings in the header-walls. The forward ends of the inner superheaterpipes 68 are secured to the front walls of the headers by brass stuffing-boxes 7 0, screwed into the header-walls and packed with. asbestos, which is held in place by a screwed gland 70 similar to those used in condenser tubes. The forward ends of the intermediate superheater-pipes 68 are secured to the partitions 70 of the headers by ferrules 7 0 screwed into tapered. holes in the partitions.

The T-head 62 is divided by a horizontal partition 62 into upper and lower chambers or compartments, the upper or supply compartment, which communicates with the main steamsupply pipe 61, having ports 62 in its front, which register with. ports in the front chambers 70 of the headers and the lower or delivery compartment having ports 62" in its front, which register with openings in the rear chambers 70 of the headers. The branch steam-pipes 63 are connected to noz- Zles at the ends of the lower compartment of the T-head. The front face of the T-head and the rear faces of the headers, which surround the ports therein, above specified, are finished so as to make tight joints, and the headers are secured removably to the Thead by bolts 71 and clamps 71.

In operation steam from the boiler passes through the dry pipe 61 into the upper compartment of the T-head 62 and thence into the front chambers 70 of the headers, from which it passes rearwardly into and through the annular channels or compartments be tween the inner superheater-pipes 68 and intermediate partition-pipes 68, being exposed thrmighout such rearward traverse to the heat of the products of combustion passing through the inner superheater-pipes. The steam then enters and passes forwardly through the annular channels or compartments between the intermediate partition-pipes 68 and the outer pipes 69, being exposed throughout such forward traverse to the heat of the products of combustion passing through the superheating-tubes around the outer pipes. The superheated steam then enters the rear chambers 7 O of the headers and thence passes to the lower compartment of the T-head 62, from which it passes into and through the branch steampipes 63 to the engine-cylinders for utilization. In its traverse through the superheater-pipes the steam is thoroughly superheated by the hot products of combustion passing through the superheatingtubes, their action upon it being exerted, as above stated, continuously throughout both its rearward and its forward traverse through the superheating-pip es and being correspondingly complete and effective.

lVe claim as our invention and desire to se cure by Letters Patent 1. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a superheating-tube, a system of superheater-pipes therein, which is exposed both inwardly and outwardly to the products of combustion passing through the superheating-tube, and connections from said system of superheater-pipes to a steamsupply pipe and to a steamdelivery pipe, respectively.

2. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a vertical row of superheatingtubes, systems of superheater-pipes therein which are exposed both inwardly and outwardly'to the products of combustion passing through the superheating-tubes, a casing or header divided into chambers, one of which is connected to the receiving ends and the other to the delivery ends of the several systems of su erheater-pipes, and connections from sai headerchambers to a steamsupply pipe and to a steam-delivery pipe, respectively.

3. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a superheating-tube, inner and outer superheater-pipes therein which are exposed both inwardly and outwardly to the products of combustion passing through the superheating-tube, means for effecting the successive rearward and forward traverse of steam in the system of superheater-pipes, and connections from said system to a steam supply pipe and to a steam-delivery pipe, respectively.

4. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a vertical row of superheatingtubes, pairs of superheater-pipes therein which are exposed both inwardly and outwardly to the products of combustion passing through the superheating-tubes, means for effecting the successive rearward and forward traverse of steam in the several pairs of superheater-pipes, a casing or header divided into chambers, one of which is connected to the receiving ends and the other to the delivery ends of the several systems of superheater-pipes, and connections from said header-chambers to a steam-supply pipe and to a steam-delivery pipe, respectively.

5. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a superheating-tube, an inner superheater-pipe therein which is open at both its ends, an outer superheater-pipe fixed to said inner pipe forward of its rear end opening, said inner and outer pipes forming an intermediate annular steam-channel, an openended partition-pipe dividing said steamchannel into inner and outer compartments which communicate at their rear ends, a connection from the front of the inner compartment to a steam-supply pipe, and a connection from the front of the outer compartment to a steamdelivery pipe.

6. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a superheating-tube, inner and outer superheater-pipes extending longitudinally therein, said pipes being connected at their ends nearer the fire-box, and the inner pipe being open at both ends, so as to form a steam-channel which is directly exposed throughout its length, on both its inner and outer sides, to the heat of the superheatingtube, an intermediate partition-pipe dividing said channel into inner and outer compartments, a main steam-supply pipe, a steam-delivery pipe, and a casing or header connected to the superheater-pipes and di vided into chambers, one of which communicates with the steam-supply pipe and with the inner compartment of the steam-channel formed by the superheaterpipes, and the other with the outer compartment of said channel and with the steam-delivery pipe.

7. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a superheating-tube, inner and outer superheater-pipes extending longitudinally therein, said pipes being connected at their ends nearer the fire-box, and the inner pipe being open at both ends, so as to form a steam-channel which is directly exposed throughout its length, on both its inner and outer sides, to the heat of the superheatingtube, an intermediate partition-pipe dividing said channel into inner and outer compartments, a main steam-supply pipe, a steamdelivery pipe, a T-head partitioned into two chambers, one of which is open to the main steam-pipe and the other to the steamde livery pipe, and a casing or header connected to the superheater-pipes and divided into two chambers, one of which communicates with the inner compartment of the steam channel formed by the superheater-pipes and with the supply-chamber of the T-head, and the other with the outer compartment of said channel and with the delivery-chamber of the T-head.

8. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a vertical row of superheatingtubes, systems of superheater-pipes therein, comprising, in each tube, an inner pipe which is open at both its ends, an outer pipe fixed to said inner pipe forward of its rear end opening, and an intermediate open-ended partition-pipe, a casing or header partitioned into chambers, one of which is connected to the partitionpipes and the other to the outer pipes, and through which the inner pipes pass without communication, and connections from said header-chambers to a steamsupply pipe and to a steaindelivery pipe, respectively.

9. The combination, with a tubular steamboiler, of a Vertical row of superheatingtubes, systems of superheater-pipes therein, comprising, in each tube, an inner pipe which is open at both its ends, an outer pipe fixed to said inner pipe forward of its rear end opening, and an intermediate open-ended partition-pipe, a T-head partitioned into two chambers, one of which is open to the main supply-pipe and the other to the steamdelivery pipe, and a casing or header divided by a partition into front and rear chambers, communicating, respectively, with the supply and the delivery chambers of the T-head, and having its front wall connected to the inn er pipes, its rear wall connected to the outer and rear chambers, a tapered ferrule eonnecting the outer pipe to the rear wall of the header, a packed stuffing-box connecting the inner pipe to the front wall of the header, a ferrule connecting the partition-pipe to the partition of the header, and connections from the header-chambers to a steam-supply pipe and to a steam-delivery pipe, respectivcly.

FRANCIS J. COLE. HENRY B. OATLEY. Witnesses:

F. 'l. MARKS, E. H. REESE.

Images