US847728A

US847728A - X-ray apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US847728A
Application number: US31101706A
Authority: US
Inventors: Eugene W Caldwell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1906-04-11
Filing date: 1906-04-11
Publication date: 1907-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 1924-03-19

Description

No. 847,728. ,PATENTED MAR. 19, 1907.

E. w. CALDWELL. X-RAY APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 11, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

LEA

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS PATENTBD MAR. 19, 1907. E. W. CALDWELL.

X-RAY APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED APB. .11,1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

justed at the proper height by a" sprocket-V UNITED STATES PATENT o FIoE,

I [EUGENE W. CALDWELL, O NEW; YORK, N.

xn AY APPARATUS.

1 drawings, which form apartof the same.

This invention relates to X-ray apparatus,

and relates especially to apparatus for adjustably supporting an X-ray tube and a photographic plate in proper relation thereto.

In the accompanying drawings, showing an illustrative embodiment'oi this invention,

Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a par-- tial lan view. Fig. 3 is a sectional detail on the inc 3 3 of Fig. 2. ,Figs. A and 5 are other sectional details of the same. Fig, 6 is a detail shown in vertical section. lligs. 7 and 8 show details of the tube-alining devices.

In the illustrative embodiment of this invention shown in the drawings a suitable heavy post 1 is indicated, which may be mounted on any suitable base 48,-p'rovided with the brace '47, if desired, so that the whole is bodily movable and may be adjusted upon the floor supportingit. The blo ck 21 is preferably slidingly mounted in suitable dovetail groovesin the postand may bead chain- 4,. connected to the block, passing over a suitable sprocket 3, mountedin the post and provided'with an operatingheel- 2, a counterpoise being"also preferablylarranged .in a cavity in the post and connected to the other end of the sprocket-chain 4;

- 26 is securedto the block 21', and when moved into the osition indicatedin Fig.6 its eccentric .worlE The cam ing face is'forced into engagement withjthe; 0st, locking the blo'ck in'adjusted positiont ereon.

The slide 27 is revolublyj mounted on the block 21 b 46 is rigidly secured to this slide; A cooperating worm 31, mounted on the block, engages this worm-wheel, 'asindicated, and

. serves to angularly-adjust the position of the other scale 76 on the block.

detachably secured to the slide by a bolt 20, passing through suitable slots in both the slide and connected parts about this bolt, 28 when the operatingdever 29 .30 is rotated.

The relative position of these parts ma be indicated by agsuitable pointer on the s ide;

which cooperates with agraduated are, or The head-89 is Specification of-Letters Patent, Application tiled April 11,1906. Serial in. 311,017.

the bolt 28;, and the worm-wheel I Patented March 19, 1907.

. head and slide; The traverse-screw 25 is rotatably mounted in the head and passes through a collar 90 upon the bolt 2(), so that when this'screw is turned by a suitable handle, such as 19, (shown in dotted. lines in Fig.

1,) these parts traverse the head with respect to the block with a IOWQI'flll screw action.

A similar screw-feed at right angles to: this movement is effected by the screw 74, which also engages a similar collar around the bolt 20, soas to move this bolt along the slot parallel to the screw 7 4, in which the bolt 20 op- 13,-" supported thereby, in any direction in s ace, and also these parts may be rotated a out the adjustably-mounted bolt 28 by the worm-wheel adjustment described.

The carrier 13, asindicated in Figs. land 6, is mounted upon the head 89 by the bolt 24, and the; lock 18, having a threaded nut or other similar connection with the bolt, serves to securely fasten these parts in position or instantly release them when moved into the position indicated in Fig. 6. In

These screw adjustments between that position the carrier 'mayrotate about I thebolt 2 4 with respectto the head, and this movement may be indicated by the scale or graduated arm 23 on the head and the cooperating pointer 22. Upon the carrier is mounted t the support'35, an these parts may be slidarm 32, provided with ingly mounted on the carrier and rigidly clamped thereto at an tiniefby the bolt 33, o erating'in a suitab e slotinthe' carrier. '1 he position of these parts may. be indicated by a cooperating seae andindex 3. 1 k upon them. At thev other end of the] carrier is mounted thefslid'e' -15,.'-and"up0.n the-outer face of the slide is-the head 9;, all these parts being preferably seeuredtogether ..by the bolt 14 assing through thei'n iand-Ythrough a suitab e slot in the-carrie ,Theslide may be prevented, from moving, g the by thescrewl fi and thiljqtation of v v withrespe'ot .to the slide-can bdpr'veiited at any ltimeby. tightening the; screw 12,

which operates n asui'table circumferential slot in the head. This-angular movement of the head 9 with respect to the slide is 1 indicated by a suitable cooperating scale and index 11 on the parts, and the position of the slide upon the carrier is similarly indicated by a scale and index 17, as shown in l ig. 1. The head 9 carries the plate-holder or support 5, which is connected thereto by the bolt 9 passing through a sui it able slotin this holder so as to allow for a limited sliding movementof these parts, which ma "be suitably indicated. I The holder, which is preferably interchangeable, is formed with clips 7, which serve to support a marker or plate comprising suitable lines or indications and serve as guides -when imprinted on the negative. Suitab e clips 91 may also be formed on the upper-side of the holder to inaini aim in pro er position the photographic plate, which, to-

gether with its envelop or holder, may be fitted into the depression-92.

The support 35, upon which the X-ray tube is preferably movably lnoumed, may

' be formed, as indicated in "rig. 2, with a suitable aperture 93, on either side of which suitable tracks 44 may be formed. The carriage 58 is mounted in this aperture and may have the guides or rolls 77 engaging the tracks on either side, so as to smoothly guide it as it moves along these tracks, which are. preferably arranged substantially concentric with respect to tlie photographic plate when in normal positon, as isindicated in Fig. 1. The rack 61 is'mcumed on the pin 62 of this carriage and is engaged by the geared drum 50, which alsoengages the gear 52. This gear, as is indicated in Fig. 2, operates the fly 53,. of ordinary construction. when the 'pivoted spring-pressed catch is withdrawn from its path. This catch, as indicated, is controlled by the cord 49, passing over the guide-pulley 54 and adapted to swing the-catch against the action of its spring, so that the fly is released and the gearing operates under the influence of the spring 51, thus gradually feeding the rack and connected carriage along the tracks. The extent of the movement of the carriage is limited by a suitable stop 63, which may engage in one of a series of holes 64, and this stop projects into the path of the rack 61 or other member attached to the carriage, so as to positively limitits movement and bring fit accurately int-o alinement. A suitable hood 37, preferably formed of material im pervious to the Xi-rays and of prop er shape to accommodate an X-ray tube, is indicated as provided with upwardly-yrpjecting lips 59, which may be rigidly but detachabh; i secured tothe carriage by the nuts '57, so

that different hoods may be readily used and quickly attached to the carriage and operating mechanism, which is arranged and ad- I justed to give the desired angular movement I oftheX-ray tube for proper stereoscopic effects.

ray tube.

Upon the hood suitable brackets 36 are formed provided with clamps of any desired construction, preferably adapted to properly secure and simultaneously alien the X-ray tube with respect to the carriage. As indicated in Fig. 4, the block 40 may be secured to the bracket 36, and the alining-plate 66, preferably of transparent material, such as celluloid or the like, may be secured to the block in any manner. This late, as is indicated in Fig. 7, is formed wit 1 alining means or markings to cooperate with the aliner 83, which may be provided with corresponding markings and secured to the end 82 of the X- As indicated, the plate is formed with a series of holes 79 80, which may be joined by cross-lines or other devices to be more readily alined with the markings on the tube-aliner. The aliner may consist of a strip or band of paper or other similar material properly fastened upon the X-ray tube, and after the tube has once been properly adjusted in the clamps so as to bring the radiating spot of its target 81 into exactly the I desired position with respect to the carriage and the rest of the apparatus marks are made on the aliner byins'erting a pencil or other marking device through the holes 79 80 in. the alining-pl ate, and thereafter cross-lines or other indications are made upon thealiner, so that subsequently the tube niay be readily readjusted to exactly the same position with respect to the alining-plate through which the indications on the aliner 83, secured to the tube end 82, may be readily observed. Any desired form of clamp may be used in connection with these alining devices, and a simple construction is indicated in Fig. 4, the clamp-jaw 41 being provided witha suitably inclined recess and held in position by the clamping-bolt 39. Upon the other bracket 36 the loosely-pivoted stud 69 is indicated in Fig. 5 Carrying at its outer end the clampscrew 42,11aving-a suitable collaror other arrangement to rotatably connect it with the stud and prevent longitudinal movement with respect thereto and being provided with the oppositely-threaded portions 71 72 on each side oi the stud. The screw 72 engages the headed nut 68, mounted so'as to-have a slight pivotal movement in the j aw 6'5, and, if desired, the similar headed nut 7 0, with which the screw 71 coi'ipcrates, may be similarly mounted, so as to have a slight freedom of -movement in the jaw 43, the holes through which the strews pass being slightly enlarged tor this purpose. The jaws may of course in all cases be provided with any dc sired form of yielding grips 67, of rubber, felt, or other material. This clamp has a sellcentering action, because of the simultaneous inward movement of both parts of the clamp,

so as to properly center this end of the k-r'ay l tube regardless of slight difl'erences in diameter. The swiveling jaws also contribute to photographic exposures.

firmly engage and hold the X-ray tube and.-

tion in the carriage 58 by a suitable latch in the form of a light spring, which, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, is arranged at the side of the carriage and engages the diaphragm 56, of lead or other impervious material. In

this way, in connection with the impervious hood 37, all the X-rays from the tube are cut oil exce t those'within the cone of radiation 8 8, (in icated in Fig. 1,) which by selecting the proper diaphragm can be arranged to just cover properly the photographic plate employed. Also by having a pinhole diaphragm or one provided with cross-wires or other indications the-centering of the tube-targets can be efiected photographically, if desired.

In using this apparatus for X-ray exposures it is usually desirable to adjust the tubesupport 35 and plate-holder 5 to a standard relative position as far as the conformation. of the subject will allow, although, of course,- it is desirable to-bring these parts as close together as possible, in many cases. When in this relative ppsition, these parts,- firmly secured to the carrier -]3, may be moved together in-any direction Whatever by this apparatus, as well as instantly rotatedabout th 0 bolt 24 after releasing the lock 18. Also in taking a stereoscopic exposurethe first eX- posurc is taken with thecarriage at one end.

' of its travel, and then-the carriage and attached parts, including the tube, areautomatically and rapidly moved in the proper direction and to the desired extent by, the es. capement described as soon as the catch is I released. Furthermore, this is effected in a positive manner and without either loss of time or jarring of the parts, which is very de-' sirable in such cases- It is also desirable in many instances in using such apparatus to be able to accurately reproduce the various adjustments 'atany time, and this can be read- 11y done by reading the indications of the various scales after the apparatus has been u(ljusted for any particular purpose.

This inventionhaving been described in connection with an illustrative embodiment thereof, to the details of which it is not limited, what is claimed as new, and what it is desired to secure by Letters Patent, is set forth in the appended claims: I

1. In X-ray apparatus, a movable post and base, a blockslidingly mounted in said post, a counterweight operating Within said post, a sprocket-wheel, a sprocket-chain connecting said block and counterweight and operated by's'aid wheel, a head revolubly connected with said block, a worm-wheel adjustment between said head and block, a carrier revolubly mounted on said head, means to lock said. carrier in adjusted position, a holder mounted on said carrier, an arm and s'upport mounted on said carrier and adjustable with respect to said holder, curved tracks in said sup ort substantially concentric with said hol er, a carriage mounted on said tracks and operating in an aperture in said support, a removable impervious diaphragm in said carriage and an impervious hood to receive an X-ray tube secured to said carriage.

2. r In X rayapparatus, a carrier, a plateholder mounted on said carrier, a support mounted on said carrier and adjustable with respect to said holder, adjustable-means to support-said carrier, tracks in said support, a carriage mounted on said tracks to operate in an aperture in said support, a spring-operated escapement to move said carriage along said tracks, means to limit the movement of said carriage and means to support an X-ray tube from saidcarriage.

3. In X-ray apparatus, a carrier, a holder mounted on said carrier, a support mounted on. said carrier, and adjustable with respect to said holder, a carriage movably mounted on said support, means on said support to automatically move said carriage with respect thereto and means to mount an X-ray tube on said carriage.

' 4. In 'Xray apparatus, a support having' an aperture, a carriage movabl mounted on said -support to operate in sai aperture, an

escapement to move said --carriage with res set to said support and means to mount an -ray tube on sald carnage. Y 5. In X-ray apparatus, a support providedwith an'ap'erture, a carriage movably mounted on said support to operate withinsaid aperture, a spring escapement to move said carriage with respect to said support, and a hood detachably connected to said carriage to supportv an X-ray tube. I

6. In X-ray apparatus, a carrier, a holder mounted on said carrier, a support mounted on said carrier and adjustable with respect to said holder, {a diaphragm'detachably mounted on said support, means to clamp an X-ray support provi ed with markings and a c0op crating aliner on said X-ray tube.

7. In X-ray apparatus, a su port, means 5 to clamp an X-ray tube to sai support, an i alininglate on said sup ort having mark ings an an aliner on said tube to cooperate with said alining-plate and to markings therefrom.

I l 8. In X-ray' apparatus. a support, means receive alining tube to said, su port, an alining-p'late on said a co clamp an X-ray tube to said support, a

' transparent alining-plate provided with apertures and markings and an aliner on said tube to receive alining-markings from said holes.

9. "In X-ray apparatus, a carrier, a holder mounted on said carrier, a support mounted on said carrier, means to mount an X-ray tube on said support, alining means to aline said'tube with respect to said support and de tachable-impervious diaphragms mounted on said support in line with said holder. I o

10. in X-ray apparatus, a movable post and base, a block movably mounted on said post, a carrier revolubly mounted on said block, means to locksaidcarrier in adjusted position, a holder mounted on said carrier, a

support mounted on said carrier, and adjustable with respect to said holder, an impervious hood mounted on said support, means to clamp an X-ray tube to said hood, alinin means to aline said tube with respect to sai hood and removable impervious diaphragms I a double-threaded screw to simultaneously 0 move said jaws together and an aliner on said tube to cooperate with said alining-plate.

, EUGENE W. CALDWELL.

- Witnesses:

HARRY L. DUNoAN, JESSIE B. KAY.