US846273A - Driving mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

A. WUNDERLIGH.

DRIVING MECHANISM.

APPLIOATIQN FILED un 1o, 190e.

"Nm 846,273. PATENTBD MAR. 5, 1907.

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DRIVING MBGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED KAY 10, 1906. l

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UNITED STATES PATENT CFFICE.

ADOLFH WUNDERLICH, OF CROYDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE LONDON ELECTRIC FIRM, OF CROYDCN, ENGLAND.

DRIVING MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 5, 1907'.

Application filed May 10, 1906. Serial No. 316,226.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADOLPH WUNDERLICH, a citizen of the United States of America, and residing at George street, Croydon, in the county of Surrey, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Driving Mechanism Applicable to Hoists, Winches, and other Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to driving mechanism, and is especially applicable to hoists or Winches for raising or lowering arclamps, although it is also applicable to other purposes wherein the transmission of rotary motion is required with a decreased speed ratio.

The object of the invention is to enable rotary motion to be transmitted at a decreased speed ratio without necessitating the use of spur, worm, rope, or chain gearing and without necessitating the provision of ratchets, brakes, or like retaining devices for preventing the mechanism running back when the power is withdrawn.

The invention briefly consists in driving a pin or pins against a stationary cam or in cam-slots by means of an eccentric or other cam mounted on the driving-shaft, the path of the stationary cam or cam-slots being so arranged that the pin or pins revolve about the driving-shaft, but at a reduced speed ratio, such movement of the pin or pins being transmitted in any suitable manner to the device to be driven.

The accompanying drawings illustrate various modes of carrying out the invention.

Figure 1 represents an end view of a winch with this invention applied thereto with some of the parts removed. Fig. 2 represents a vertical section of a winch with the invention applied thereto Fig. 3, an end view of the winding-drum, Fig. 4 being a similar view of an alternative form. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of a shaft-coupling or speed-reduction pulley with the invention applied. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are face views of the collars and disk shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is a view of a cam-plate having four grooves on a retrogressive system. Fig. 10 is a partsectional elevation illustrating diagrammatically one application of the invention to a change-speed mechanism.

In carrying out the invention according to one mode, as shown in Figs. 1 to 3, a circular ring a or annular disk is mounted on an eccentric sheave t, the latter being eccentric to its driving-shaft c, but concentric to the annular disk c. This eccentric l) forms the driving-cam. The annular disk c is provided with four circular equidistant pins d, studs, or rollers. The pins d rub against a stationary trefoil cam or work in a trefoilcam groove e. The shape of the stationary cam or groove e is so arranged as to change the normal movement of the annular disk a, due to the eccentric sheave t, into a rotational movement about its own aXis. This need not be a true circular movement. If it is not, it is transferred to a second disk f, so that the latter makes a true circular movement by adapting the pins referred to above or a similar set g to work in circular or other slots or recesses 7L in the second disk f, so as to permit the necessary relative movement required to eliiect the change from the irregular into the true circular movement.

The second disk f may be mounted in any convenient manner and may be attached to or connected with the device to be driven. For instance, as in the example shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, it may be attached to or may form partV of the winding-drum i of a winch or hoist. Such a winch may be used with advantage for raising or lowering arc* lamps or similar purposes, as there is no necessity for ratchets or retaining devices for preventing running back, as the resistance of the mechanism to such a reverse movement is suficient to render it self-locking. 'lhe drum fi, however, may be readily rotated in either direction by simply rotating the eccentric sheave b in the desired direction. In a winch as shown suitable for arc-lamps the gear, with the drum i, may be conveniently inclosed in a suitable boX or casing if, provided with lugs Zfor attachment to the standard or wall, and the shaft c of the eccentric sheave b may be provided with a square end or recessed end to receive a key or handle m. The cam e forms the end of the casing and also has lugs Z, as shown.

The form of cam or slot e may be varied to suit the speed ratio required. For example, with a trefoil cam or slot, as above described, a speed ratio of four to one is obtained between the driving and driven shafts or members, respectively. With a two-foil cam it would be three to one-that is, with one fixed lOO cam or slot the ratio is obtained by adding one to the number of foils. The form of cam. or slot may also bc varied to suit the kind of movement required. For instance, in the case of an ordinary trefoil cam, as described, although a true circular movement is obtained for the driven disk the speed at all periodsis not regular or uniform. If the handle or driving-shaft is uniformly rotated, but by suitably altering the form of cam or slot, this may be almost entirely corrected where uniformity is necessary.

Instead of driving the disks f on the drumt or other member' at the same rate as the disk a the former, f, maybe driven at a different speed ratio by providing it with cam-slots or a cam in or against which the pins g can work. For instance, it may have a six-foil cam or groove, as shown in Fig. 4f, in which case seven pins g are used. lith such a combination eight turns of the handle are required to effect one turn of the drum. If the same number of cam foils or slots are made in both cam-plates c and f, then the disk l) will rotate, but the disk f will not be driven. When two cams are used-one on each side of the disk aone having more or less grooves than the other, as referred to, and the number of pins used is respectively one more than the number of foils in each case, we have found by experiment with a number of cases that the speed ratio can be calculated by multiplying the number of grooves or foils in the lixed cam e plus one by the number of grooves or foils in the movable cam f, divided by the greatest common factor of the number of grooves or foils in the two cams. For instance, in the example above referred to, where there are three and six grooves or foils 3+i c=s #n m The driving mechanism is applicable for general use. t may be used, for instance, as a coupling or driving connection between two shafts, or the second disk m aybe formed as a pulley, toothed wheel, or other driving member. In carrying out the invention in the application to a pulley, for example, mounted on a motor-shaft or other high-speed shaft where a reduction in speed is required an arrangement such as shown in Fig. 5 may be used. A flanged collar n is mounted on the motor or other driving-shaft. It has a camgroove o cut in the face of the flange, the groove being eccentric to the shaft, as shown in Fig. 6. The collar has an extension or sleeve p, on which a second llanged collar g is mounted with allowance for freedom. of relative rotation. T he -face of the flange of the collar q is provided with a cam-groove r--in the example shown a trefoil cam. (See Fig. 8.) The collar q is fixed as by pins s or otherwise prevented from rotating. Between the two flanges and engaging in the grooves o and 1 are pins or rollers t. These pins pass through in the two cams the ratio equals holes in or are otherwise carried by an annular disk or ring u. A second set of pins or bolts c pass through holes w in the disk and also connect thc split rim of a pulley fg. By this arrangement a speed ratio of shaft to the pulley of four to one is obtained. By altering the .number of foils or grooves in the cam the ratio can be varied. There it is desired to let the pulley run free, means may be used for releasing thc collar q. For instance, it may be controlled by a brake. The pulley y may be made the stationary member instead of the collar q, which latter will then be the rotating or driven part. In this case the ratio will be three to one, and the collar g will rotate in the opposite direction to the flanged collar n. The driving pins or rollers will not travel around the driven shaft as in the former caso, where the ratio is four to one; but they will, with their carriers, simply oscillate. In a further ni ode of carrying out the invention cani-grooves of an opposite curvature to those before described may be used, and with this order of groove the number of pins may be one l than the number of camslots. To prepare a cam-plate of this order to produce any desired speed ratio, an eccentric sheave is placed within a ring-plate havin g a concentric aperture capable of accurately receiving the sheave. The ring-plate is fitted with a number of equidista'nt pins, and the sheave and rin g-plate are then rotated at the desired speed ratio in opposite directions and the loci traced by the pins noted. The loci will give the required curves for the cam-slots which are then cut in the cam-plate. Itis found that with this order of curve the number of pins may be one less than the number of cam-slots. For instance, with a four-slot or four-foil cam, such as shown in Fig. 9, three pins may be used on the rin g-plate, and three turns of the eccentric will produce a single turn of the ring-plate in the opposite direction. If the ring-plate is provided with pins on its opposite face and these engage with another cam-plate having cam-slots of the same order as the other, then the latter plate will still rotate in the opposite direction l to the eccentric, the speed ratio depending on the number of slots or foils. The speed ratio may be ascertained by multiplying the number of the slots in one plate less one by the number in the driven plate and dividing the product by the greatest common factor of the two. Instead of combining cam-plates having slots of the same order or series as above described cani-plates with slots of dissimilar order may be combined. For instance, a stationary cam-plate may have slots of the last-mentioned order and the driven plates have slots of the first-mentioned order. The speed ratio then may be calculated by multiplying the number of slots in the first plate less one by the number in the other and dividing the product by the sum of the two.

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Several sets of cam-plates and interme-l diate ring-plates may be combined and adapted to be severally or consecutively retarded either mechanically or electrically b v means of electromagnets to produce variations in the speed ratio between a driving` and driven element. For instance, as shown in Fig. 10, 2 is a driving-shaft, and 3 a driven shaft, the former driving the latter through four sets of cam-plates and ringplates. 4 is the iirst iiXed cam-plate; 5, the first ring-plate, provided with one set of pins 6, engaging the cam-slots in 4, and another set 7, engaging in slots in and driving the second cani-plate 8 at a slightly-reduced speed sufficient to form, say, the highest speed of a threespeed gear and reverse. The plate 8 is adapted to be attracted by an electroinagnet or coil 9, carried by a sleeve or casing 10, fixed to the driven shaft 3, so that the latter rotates at the saine speed as the plate 8. A second ring-plate 11 is similarly provided with two sets of pins 12 and 13, the pins 12 engaging with the cani-grooves on the right-hand side of the cam-plate 8, while the pins 13 engage with cam-slots on the lefthand side of a third cam-plate 14. A'second or intermediate speed foi the driven shaft 3 is obtained by releasing the plate 8 and energizing the second coil 15 to attract the plate 14. A third ringplate 16 is provided with pins 17 and 18, engaging, respectively, in camgrooves in the right-hand side of the camplate 14 and the left-hand side of a fourth cam-plate 19, so that a third and low speed can be obtained by releasing the plates 8 and 14 and energizing the. coil 20 to attract the plate 19. It will be noted that all the camslots in the plates 4, S, 14, and 19 are of the progressive ordermthat is, of the first order described in this speciiicationvas the transmission of motion is required at the diiferent speeds in the same direction. In order to obtain a reverse drive for the shaft 3, a fourth ring-plate 21 has two sets of pins 22 and 23, one set, 22, engaging in cam-slots in the right-hand side of the plate 19, while the other set, 23, engage cani-slots in a fifth camplate 24, the slots in which are of the retrogressive order latterly described. This plate 24 is similarly adapted to be attracted by a coil 25 Vin the casing 10.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A driving-gear comprising a pin, a cariier therefor, a stationary cam, means for rotating said carrier so that the pin follows the cam and means for transmitting motion from the carrier to the element to be driven.

rier therefor, a cam, means for rotating the carrier so that the pins follow the cam, a second set of pins on the carrier, a second cam adapted to be driven by the second set of pins and connected to the element to be driven.

5. A driving-gear comprising pins, a carrier for the same in the form of a plate, a stationary cam-plate provided with camslots, an eccentric for rotating the carrierplate so that the pins follow the cam-slots, and means for transmitting the motion of the carrier-plate to the element to be driven.

6. A driving-gear comprising pins a carrier for the same in the form of a plate, a camplate provided with cam-slots, an eccentric for rotating the carriereplate so that the pins follow the cam-slots, a second set of pins on the carrier-plate and a second cam-plate having cam-slots for receiving the second set of pins and means for connecting the second cam-plate to the element to be driven.

7. A driving-gear comprising a series of carriers, pins on said carriers, a series of camplates, alternately disposed in regard to the carriers and provided with cam-slots for receiving the respective pins on the carriers, means for rotating the carriers so that the pins follow their respective cam-slots and means for transmitting motion from any of the cam-plates.

8. A driving-gear for a winch comprising a fixed cam-plate provided with cam-slots, pins engaging therein, a ring-plate for carrying said pins, an eccentric for rotating said ring-plate so that the pins follow the camslots, a second set of pins on said ring-plate, and a plate provided with circular recesses for receiving said second set of pins and driven thereby.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADOLPH WUNDERLICH.

Witnesses:

A. W. MATHYs, T. Z. TEDFORD.

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