US84333A - Improvement in apparatus for refining iron and making steel - Google Patents
Improvement in apparatus for refining iron and making steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US84333A US84333A US84333DA US84333A US 84333 A US84333 A US 84333A US 84333D A US84333D A US 84333DA US 84333 A US84333 A US 84333A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- improvement
- spout
- making steel
- converter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 210000004907 Glands Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000009618 Bessemer process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000282941 Rangifer tarandus Species 0.000 description 2
- 101700032892 STEL Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000534944 Thia Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000935 short-term exposure limit Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
- F04F5/461—Adjustable nozzles
Definitions
- This invention relates to an apparatus which I have found to be of Aparticular advantage in carrying out a process for refining iron and making steel in vacuo, for which a patent was granted to me, January 23, 1866, No. 52,121.
- This improved apparatus consists inthe arrangement of an adjustable nozzle, which extends across the mouth of the pipe that connects with the converter or reiiner, and terminates opposite to a conical' spout, in such a manner, that, by passing a cinrent of steam through said nozzle, a partial vacuum is produced in the converter, and, by adjusting the position of the nozzle in relation tothe discharge-spout, the effect ofthe exhauster can be regulated according to the heat to which the nozzle is exposed,and according to the degree of the vacuum desired.
- a vacuum-gauge attached to the eX- hauster indicates the state of the vacuum in the converter.
- A represents a'retort, which is intended for converting iron into steel, or for ren'in g iron, and which I term tal -position, as may be required during the subsequent stages of the refining or converting-process.
- the neck of the converter is curved, as shown, so
- the suction-pipe When the apparatus is in operation, the suction-pipe is firmly secured to the neck of the converter, andthe joint between'the two parts is rendered air-tight by suitable packing.
- the suction-pipe C extends from the globe-shaped chamber '1), into one ⁇ .side of whiclris secured the spoilt E, while through its opposite side enters the nozzle F.
- the spout E is conical, its largest end being turned outward; and the axis of this spout coincides with the prolongation of the axis of the nozzle, so that a jet of steam, injected through said nozzle, will strike the centre of the spout.
- the nozzle AF is a cylindrical tube, which passes f ⁇ through a stuffing-box, d, in the side ofthe chamber D, and whichis secured to a tubular plunger, G.
- This plunger is open at one epd', and it is fitted into a cylinder, H, which is supported byrayoke, I', attached tothe outside ofthe chamber D.
- thisicylinder is closed by a stuffingbox, e, through which passes the screw-spindle J, the inner end of which is attached toa bridge, f, on the open end of the plunger G, while its threaded part is tapped iuto the screw-cap or gland of the stuffing-box e, and ou its outer end is mounted-a hand-wheel, g.
- a stuffingbox e, through which passes the screw-spindle J, the inner end of which is attached toa bridge, f, on the open end of the plunger G, while its threaded part is tapped iuto the screw-cap or gland of the stuffing-box e, and ou its outer end is mounted-a hand-wheel, g.
- connection between the screw-spindle and the bridge j' is such that the spindle is ee to turn in the bridge, but it is not permitted'to move therein in the direction of its axis, and, consequently, :by turning. the screw-spindle in the gland of the stuing-box c, the plunger G, and with it the nozzle F'is drawn in or out, according to the direction in which the hand-wheel g is turned.
- the steampipe K which connects with a suitable steam-generator, and which can be opened or closed by a stop-cock.
- the spout E could be mad'e adjustable, the eifect of the apparatus being dependent upon the distance of the inner end of the nozzle F, and the narrowest portion of drawing.
- the exhausting effect of the jet of steam changes. It" the spout is made adjustable, the nozzle F remains stationary, and all the mechanism shown for moving the same can be .dispensed with, but a hand-wheel or other device niust be connected to -the spout.
- the position of the nozzle is; adjusted by turning the hand-wheel G, and, in order to prevent the cylinderI-I and plungerG from getting overheated, I have secured the same in the yoke I, which allows a free circulation of air round the cylinder.
Description
Patented Nov. 24, 1868.
N.PSTER5, PHDTO-LLTHGGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D. C.
,gama
'gatmtltwa te" www Jo'HN ABsrERDAM, 'or NEW YORK, N. Y.
' Letters Patent No. 84,33, dated Noocmber 24, 1868.
'MFROV'ENIENT IN APPARATUS FOR REFINING- IRON .AND MAKING STEL.
The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.
To all whomit may concern:
Be it known that I, J oHN ABsTEnDAM, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and improved Apparatus for Refining Iron and Making Steel in vacuo and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming partrof this specification, which drawing represents a sectional side elevation of this invention.
This invention relates to an apparatus which I have found to be of Aparticular advantage in carrying out a process for refining iron and making steel in vacuo, for which a patent was granted to me, January 23, 1866, No. 52,121. This improved apparatus consists inthe arrangement of an adjustable nozzle, which extends across the mouth of the pipe that connects with the converter or reiiner, and terminates opposite to a conical' spout, in such a manner, that, by passing a cinrent of steam through said nozzle, a partial vacuum is produced in the converter, and, by adjusting the position of the nozzle in relation tothe discharge-spout, the effect ofthe exhauster can be regulated according to the heat to which the nozzle is exposed,and according to the degree of the vacuum desired. A vacuum-gauge attached to the eX- hauster indicates the state of the vacuum in the converter.
A represents a'retort, which is intended for converting iron into steel, or for ren'in g iron, and which I term tal -position, as may be required during the subsequent stages of the refining or converting-process.
The neck of the converter is curved, as shown, so
that, when the same is brought in the position shown in the drawing, it will match the langeb of thesuc- .tion-pipe C.
When the apparatus is in operation, the suction-pipe is firmly secured to the neck of the converter, andthe joint between'the two parts is rendered air-tight by suitable packing.
The suction-pipe C extends from the globe-shaped chamber '1), into one`.side of whiclris secured the spoilt E, while through its opposite side enters the nozzle F.
The spout E is conical, its largest end being turned outward; and the axis of this spout coincides with the prolongation of the axis of the nozzle, so that a jet of steam, injected through said nozzle, will strike the centre of the spout.
The nozzle AF is a cylindrical tube, which passes f `through a stuffing-box, d, in the side ofthe chamber D, and whichis secured to a tubular plunger, G.
This plunger is open at one epd', and it is fitted into a cylinder, H, which is supported byrayoke, I', attached tothe outside ofthe chamber D.
The outer end of thisicylinder is closed by a stuffingbox, e, through which passes the screw-spindle J, the inner end of which is attached toa bridge, f, on the open end of the plunger G, while its threaded part is tapped iuto the screw-cap or gland of the stuffing-box e, and ou its outer end is mounted-a hand-wheel, g.
The connection between the screw-spindle and the bridge j' is such that the spindle is ee to turn in the bridge, but it is not permitted'to move therein in the direction of its axis, and, consequently, :by turning. the screw-spindle in the gland of the stuing-box c, the plunger G, and with it the nozzle F'is drawn in or out, according to the direction in which the hand-wheel g is turned.
In the side of the cylinder lzl is secured the steampipe K, which connects with a suitable steam-generator, and which can be opened or closed by a stop-cock.
To the suction-pipe C is secured a vacuum-gauge, L.
When the apparatus is to be put in operation, and after the converter A has been charged with` metal and connected with the flange of the suction-pipe, the steampipe K is opened, and the'steam, rushing through the nozzle F, and out through theI spout E, carries with it a portion of the air contained in the converter, so that a partial vacuum is produced therein, and if the plugs,
in the bottom ofthe converter'are removed, a current of air is caused to pass through the molten metal by suction, in contra-distinction to theimpelled current of air as now employed inthe Bessemer process. As the operation progresses, the nozzle F becomes heated, andthe steam, in passing through it, is superheated, so that its pressure, and consequently its air-exhausting e'ect, are changed. This effect can be observed by the vacuum-gauge, and in order to obtain the best possible effect, .it is necessaryto move thenozzle F in or out until the desired vacuum is attained.
Instead of making the nozzle adjustable, however, the spout E could be mad'e adjustable, the eifect of the apparatus being dependent upon the distance of the inner end of the nozzle F, and the narrowest portion of drawing.
As these lines approach, or are moved apart, the exhausting effect of the jet of steam changes. It" the spout is made adjustable, the nozzle F remains stationary, and all the mechanism shown for moving the same can be .dispensed with, but a hand-wheel or other device niust be connected to -the spout.
The position of the nozzle is; adjusted by turning the hand-wheel G, and, in order to prevent the cylinderI-I and plungerG from getting overheated, I have secured the same in the yoke I, which allows a free circulation of air round the cylinder.
During the process of rening or converting iron, a large quantity of cinders and other solid impurities is 'disengaged from the molten metal and carried off by the current of air, and I propose to provide the suctionpipe G with a reservoir, as shown in red outlines, for the purpose of catching and retaining such ciuders and inipurities, so as not to obstruct the spout E.
By the aid of this air-exhaustingapparatus, I am enabled to carry out my process for refining iron and making steel, as described in my patent dated Januaryl,
1866, No. 52,121, with great success.
Itis obvious, that, in carrying out my presentinvention, the forni of l"the converter may be changed as circumstances may make desirable, and I do not wish to confine myself to the precise form or shape of the converter shown in the drawing.
Having thus described my invent-ion,
'hnt l claim as new` and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-
The combination ot' thiA nozzle F and conical spout E, either one or both of' \\-'hiclr1nay be made movablel towards or from each other, with the suction-pipe C and com 'erter A, substantially as and for the purpose herein lshown and described.
JOHN ABSTERDAM 'itnesses: i
W'. HAUFF, F. F. KASTENHUBER.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US84333A true US84333A (en) | 1868-11-24 |
Family
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US84333D Expired - Lifetime US84333A (en) | Improvement in apparatus for refining iron and making steel |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2765726A (en) * | 1950-12-30 | 1956-10-09 | Donald H Powers | Means for re-circulating heating air |
-
0
- US US84333D patent/US84333A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2765726A (en) * | 1950-12-30 | 1956-10-09 | Donald H Powers | Means for re-circulating heating air |
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