US2146790A - Hydraulic ejector - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 14, 1939. Y AV R BREWER HYDRAULIC EJECTOR Filed April 15. 1936 A' ml FK //VVVVVV.

INVENTOR ATTORN EY Patented Feb. 14, 1939 UNITED' STATES PATENT OFFICE 1 Claim.

'Ihis ejector is adaptable to be supported or suspended in unlimited ways to correspond with the local requirements under which it is to operate. It may be supported or suspended from a hull or barge as in dredging operations.

A few of the useful purposes to which this device may be adapted, when built in the larger sizes, are, the elevation of liquids, or liquids saturated with solid material, the excavation of open pits, Water wells, shafts and the like in glacial gravel deposits and for placer mining purposes.

My invention relates to improvements in hydraulic ejectors, and the objects of my improvements are: rst, to provide a means for eroding or disintegrating a deposit or material to be elevated; second, to provide a means for dislodging oversize solids or obstructions at the intake; third, to provide an easily accessible adjustment for an annular orifice or blowup port.

In disclosing my invention I do not wish to be limited to the exact detail of construction which I have used in the drawing to illustrate the principles of my invention. With these and other objects in view, the invention consists of the novel features of construction hereinafter shown and described and then pointed out in the claim.

One embodiment of the invention is represented in the drawing forming a part of this specification in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding par-ts in all the views.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the adjusting clamp I3.

Fig. 3 is a plan View of the packing gland I2.

Fig. 4 is a plan View of the centering spider support 6.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the semi-annular blowdown ejecting port cover I9.

In the embodiment of my invention I employ an outside cylindrical member 2 and an inner cylindrical member I, the same being held in concentric relation to each other by collars I I and 4. Said inside cylindrical member I is bisected to form an annular blowup ejecting port 2l and the lower portion of said inside cylindrical member Iv is rigidly threaded into a collar 4; collar 4 has a plurality of annular spaced eroding jet openings 23 which are provi-ded with interchangeable eroding tips 5; 22 is a semiannular blowdown ejecting port. It will be noted that the blowup ejecting port 2|, the blowdown ejecting port 22, and the eroding jet openings 23 are each connected to the distributing chamber 25. The main intake elbow 3 connects With said distributing chamber 25. Reducing ring 34 is threaded to the lower or intake end of the inside cylindrical member I; the sealing collar 'I is rigidly attached to the outside cylindrical member 2 by means of a plurality of setscrews 28. The annular shaped piston 9 5 operates in an annular shaped piston chamber '8E the piston clearance when in its upper position is provided for by a plurality of limit stop pins I0 and when the piston is at its lower position the piston clearance is provided for by enlarged 10 portions 36 of piston rods 2U.

In the drawing said annular piston 9 is shown at its lower position. Elbow I8 connects with the upper side of piston 9 and the lower elbow I 8 connects with the lower side of piston 9. The two 15 cylinder exhaust ports are shown at 24. The lower end of piston rods 20 connects with an annular blowdown ejecting port cover I9 which covers the semi-annular blowdown ejecting port 22; adjustment of the semi-annular blowdown 20 ejecting'port cover I9 is` provided for by adjusting nuts 38.

The upper and lower portions of member I are supported in exact alignment by means of a spider support 6 said spider support 6 being 25 rigidly attached to the outside cylindrical member 2 by a plurality of setscrews 29; collar d is rigidly attached to outside cylindrical member 2 by means of a plurality of setscrews 30. Collar II is rigidly attached to the outside cylindrical 30 member 2 by a plurality of setscrews 2l. The annular piston 9 is provided with double leather packing seals I6 and I'I said leather packing seals I6 and I1 being held in position by cover 35 and capscrews 31. Collar II contains packing I5 which 35 is held in position by packing gland cover I2; packing gland cover I2 is adjustably held in position by means of nuts 33 located on studs 3|. Adjusting clamp I3 is attached to the inside cylindrical member I by means of a plurality of set- 40 screws 26. Adjustment of the blowup ejecting port 2| is provided for by means of adjusting clamp I3 and nuts 32 on studs 3I. A companion pipe ange is shown at I4.

With reference to the method of operation of 45 my ejector, an elevating pipe or tube is connected to the companion ange I4, the upper end of such elevating pipe or tube being located at the discharge at some preferred elevation; the intake elbow 3 is connected to an intake pipe 50 which is in turn connected to a pressure pump or to some other source of water supply; the supply water is delivered under pressure to correspond with the height to which it is desired to deliver the material. I have found the vertical height 55 to which material can be delivered when working under an intake water pressure of 100 pounds per square inch is 35 feet and proportionately with a water pressure of 200 pounds per square inch the elevating height to which the material may be lifted is feet with my ejector. This represents the efficiency of the solid Vacuum liquid cone formed by the annular blowup orifice 2l. In order to lessen the friction and produce the above mentioned efficiency I have found it necessary to har-den, grind, and polish the adjacent walls forming the annular orifice 2|; in this way I have produced a solid vacuum liquid cone which solidarity is necessary in the production of high efficiency.

I have found that the quantity of water entering the intake of the ejector is equal to the quantity of feed water passing thru the annular orifice 2|; that is, for each cubic foot of water entering the intake of the ejector a like cubic foot of water is required to pass upward thru the annular orifice 2|, and I have found that this rule applies to all sizes of ejectors and determines the diameters of the elevator intake and the supply water intake which should be equal.

In operation, the feed water entering the distributing chamber 25 is divided, a portion passing upward thru the annular blowup orice 2|, the other portion passing downward thru a plurality of conical shaped orifices or eroding ports 23, producing a plurality of hydraulic jets which penetrate deeply into the deposit of solids, eroding andl boiling the same upward, heavily saturating the intake water with solids for the purpose of keeping up a maximum and uniform feed into the ejector. When excavating is being done. in gravel deposits, such as placer deposits, many oversize solids too large to enter the intake ofthe ejector are drawn up by suction forces which have a tendency to clcgrthe intake of the ejector; often rounded boulders will become rigidly bound against the inner wall of the intake requiring great pressure to dislodge them. In the operation of removing or dislodging such oversize obstructions a small pipe line is connected at some convenient location intoy the main feed or pressure line and a small 2-way quick opening Valve is connected to the outer end of said pipe, both not shown in the drawing; two smalll pipe lines, also not shown in the drawing, connect said quick opening valve one of which in turn connects with small elbow I8 and the other with small elbow I8'. When a small hand lever connected to the stem of said 2-way valve is thrown to the left, water under pressure enters the lower end of piston chamber 8 thru the small elbowV I8 causing the annular piston 9 to rise, lifting with it piston rods 20 and semi-annular port cover I9, causing a small portion of the feed water to escape from the distributing chamber `25 thru a semi-annular orice or blowdown port 22, said small quantity of water exerting a heavy, instantaneous, and dynamic forceV against sai-d obstruction, causing it to be blown at an angle to one side, clear of the suction zone, to a position where it will not again be drawn up as before. When said lever connecting the quick opening 2-way valve is thrown to the right, the Water becomes turned off from the lower side of piston 9 and at the same time water enters the upper portion of piston chamber 8 thru elbow I8, causing piston 9, piston rods 20, and semi-annular port cover I9 to again be lowered to their original position, closing the semi-annular blowdown port 22. This operation is almost instantaneous, requiring a duration of about two seconds and in no way interferes with the normal progress of either the eroding jets or the elevating of the material. Thus the function of eroding the material for the purpose of accelerating the feed, the function of elevating the material and delivering it to the desired location, and the function of dislodging oversize obstructions are all coordinated to produce the desired results without in any way interfering with another.

When the feed water is shut off from an ejector of the type to which my device belongs, the water standing in the discharge pipe flows downward, carrying with it a large percentage of solids which have a tendency while settling to enter the annular blowup orifice, finding its way into the chamber below obstructing it; in my construction I have avoided this objectionable feature by continuing the inner cylindrical tube of uniform diameterv avoiding an offset or shoulder which would leave said annular orice exposed to the settling solids.

The cross sectional area or size of the blowup annular orifice 2| must correspond with the volume of fee-d water passing thru it, and as the volume of feed water is variable under different operating conditions it is necessary or advisable to provide some means of adjusting the size of said orifice. In some classes of Work and under ordinary working conditions it is usually necessary to make such adjustments frequently and such means of adjustment therefore should be easily accessible, and should be so arranged as to admit of adjustments being made while the ejector is in operation. I have accomplished these features in my construction by providing a means of adjusting the upper portion of the cylindrical tube in an upward or downward direction by moving the adjusting nuts 32 on studs 3|.

v Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to protect by Letters Patent 1s:

In an ejector of the kind described, the combination of a cylindrical outside member, a cylindrical elevating member centrally located therein supported by an 4upper and a lower collar and an intermediate collar forming an annular piston chamber between said upper collar and the intermediate collar, an annular piston operating in said annular piston chamber; means for directing fluid under pressure alternately against the upper and lower sides of said piston; a plurality of piston rods connecting said annular piston at the upper ends and connecting a semi-annular port cover at their lower ends communicating with a semi-annular orifice; and means for directing fluid under pressure thru said semiannular orifice, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

y ALDEN R.. BREWER.

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