US837017A - Pyrophoric alloy. - Google Patents
Pyrophoric alloy. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US837017A US837017A US18288403A US1903182884A US837017A US 837017 A US837017 A US 837017A US 18288403 A US18288403 A US 18288403A US 1903182884 A US1903182884 A US 1903182884A US 837017 A US837017 A US 837017A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- pyrophoric
- iron
- cerium
- rare earth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
Definitions
- My invention relates to a manufacture of metallic alloys having pyrophoric action and their application to the purposes of ignition and illumination.
- the rare earth metal cerium becomes pyrophoric if alloyed with certain other metals, in particular iron. Even with a very small percentage ofiron the alloy gives off of pyrophoric energy.
- the iron can be partially replaced by nic el or cobalt; butif the iron have erty is considerab diminished.
- the preparation of the said alloys can readily carried out if ironin a finely-divi these the pyro horic' urning of. which takes place with exceeding ciable to the hand, are ob. able of.
- the sparking can be produced not only by abrasion, but also by concussive action.
- rare earth metals such as lanthanum and the like; but for the purposes of this invention the presence of the cerium is relied upon as essential for the development of the pyrophoric properties of the the resultant alloy.
- it is rac- V tically essential for the production 0 the commercial results contemplated by this invention that where any other of the rare earth metals is used in making u the iron alloy it shall be associated with cerium and that un-' less cerium is present the pyrophoric prop- /erties of the alloy are insufficient for the uses herein contemplated.
- Commercial lanthanum for instance, is frequently associated. 1
- a pyrophoric alloy containing cerium alloyed with thirtyper cent. --of iron; substantially as and for the p oses described.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
: TED s'rawnnr onrion.
x Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Nov. 27, 1906.
Application filed November 27, 1903. Serial No. 182,884
To all whom, it may concernq Be it known that I, CARL AUER VON WELs- EACH, chemist, of IV Wiedner-Hauptstrass'e 5?,aVienna, and of Rastenfeld, Austria,
Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Pyrophoric Alloys, of which t e following isa specification.
My invention relates to a manufacture of metallic alloys having pyrophoric action and their application to the purposes of ignition and illumination.
It has been variously assertedthat the rare earth metals have the roperty of giving off particles that are se -igniting in the air when scratched with a hard sharp substance. Experiments which I have made in this di rection show, however, thalrthese statements are erroneous, as I have found that the rare earth metals when ure do not show this peculiar pro erty-an'd that the non-ignition of the said etached particles under certain circumstances rather indicate the urity of the earth metal. Ihave discovered, owever,
that the rare earth metal cerium becomes pyrophoric if alloyed with certain other metals, in particular iron. Even with a very small percentage ofiron the alloy gives off of pyrophoric energy.
' be entirely replaced by rapidity sparks onbeing rubbed with a file. As the percentage of iron is increased the sparking ecomes more intense, eventually becoming .a shower and resulting me very luminous de-' velopment of light. With about thirty per cent. of iron the alloy attains its maximum It is in this condition so sensitive that it' only requires tobe slightly touched with a file to give ofi an intense shower of sparks, though somewhat less luminous than with a lower percentage of iron. 3
In these allo s the iron can be partially replaced by nic el or cobalt; butif the iron have erty is considerab diminished.
small particles separated by friction, t e
and without any development of heat appre v ighiting in-a very prompt and reliab e manner combustible gases mixed with-- air.
The preparation of the said alloys can readily carried out if ironin a finely-divi these the pyro horic' urning of. which takes place with exceeding ciable to the hand, are ob. able of.
be ded condition be added to the cerium while the l latter is still in a molten state in the decomposing cell (wherein it has been reduced from its com ound in the well-known manner) and whi e the passage of the electric current through the molten metal is still maintained. The iron under these circumstances readily dissolves in the cerium and the alloy produced can be run into molds under the exclusion of air. I
The sparking can be produced not only by abrasion, but also by concussive action.
It will be understood that instead of using cerium alone as the metal to be alloyed the iron or its equivalent I may use in conjunction therewith one or more of the other:
metals usually known as rare earth metals, such as lanthanum and the like; but for the purposes of this invention the presence of the cerium is relied upon as essential for the development of the pyrophoric properties of the the resultant alloy. In other words, it is rac- V tically essential for the production 0 the commercial results contemplated by this invention that where any other of the rare earth metals is used in making u the iron alloy it shall be associated with cerium and that un-' less cerium is present the pyrophoric prop- /erties of the alloy are insufficient for the uses herein contemplated. Commercial lanthanum, for instance, is frequently associated. 1
with cerium as an incident to its mode of manufacture, inasmuch as it is generally pro-- duced from sources containing cerium, an it is the presence of the cerium in the final alloy that is e sential in every case to the invention herein claimed. I
What I claim is- I 1. A-pyrophoric alloy, containing ceriusm,
alloyed with iron; substantially as and for the purposes described.
'2. A pyrophoric alloy, containing cerium alloyed with thirtyper cent. --of iron; substantially as and for the p oses described.
.In witness whereof I have ereunto signed my name, this 10th day of November: 1903, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
CARL AUER VON WELSliACH Witnesses: ALVESTO S. Hoetm,
LEML. Hmrs.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18288403A US837017A (en) | 1903-11-27 | 1903-11-27 | Pyrophoric alloy. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18288403A US837017A (en) | 1903-11-27 | 1903-11-27 | Pyrophoric alloy. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US837017A true US837017A (en) | 1906-11-27 |
Family
ID=2905491
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18288403A Expired - Lifetime US837017A (en) | 1903-11-27 | 1903-11-27 | Pyrophoric alloy. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US837017A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2444849A (en) * | 1946-01-11 | 1948-07-06 | Alfred F Reilly | Flint |
| DE2003749A1 (en) * | 1969-01-24 | 1970-07-30 | Philips Nv | Hydrides with the formula ABnHm |
-
1903
- 1903-11-27 US US18288403A patent/US837017A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2444849A (en) * | 1946-01-11 | 1948-07-06 | Alfred F Reilly | Flint |
| DE2003749A1 (en) * | 1969-01-24 | 1970-07-30 | Philips Nv | Hydrides with the formula ABnHm |
| US4242315A (en) * | 1969-01-24 | 1980-12-30 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Hydrides of the formula ABn Hm |
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