US1023208A - Process for the production of pyrophorous substances for ignition and illumination. - Google Patents

Process for the production of pyrophorous substances for ignition and illumination. Download PDF

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US1023208A
US1023208A US47012408A US1908470124A US1023208A US 1023208 A US1023208 A US 1023208A US 47012408 A US47012408 A US 47012408A US 1908470124 A US1908470124 A US 1908470124A US 1023208 A US1023208 A US 1023208A
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substances
pyrophorous
ignition
metals
illumination
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US47012408A
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August Lesmueller
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00

Definitions

  • PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PYROPHOROUS SUBSTANCES FOR IGNITION AND ILLUMINATION PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PYROPHOROUS SUBSTANCES FOR IGNITION AND ILLUMINATION.
  • the present invention relates to a method of making pyrophoric metallic substances from metals of the so-called rare earths, among such metals are to be included ceri um. thorium, yttrium, lanthanum, neodyium, praseodymium, and samarium, which are known as the metals of the cerium group of the rare earth metals and are distinguished for their considerable heat of combustion and low temperature of ignition, therefore, if they are scratched with harder metals, they detach small particles of metal which immediately burn in developing much heat and in radiating intense light.
  • the pure metals possess this quality in a very high degree. The pure metals are however too soft and they oxidize too easily and they are, therefore. unfit for technical utilization.
  • Said metals therefore, have to be admixed with other substances for obtaining the smallest sparks possible, that is to say, for reducing the consumption of the metal to the utmost limit, said substances having to be harder and less subject to oxidation than the metal.
  • the heavy metals such as iron, nickel and cobalt are used for the said purpose.
  • the addition of the heavy metals has however the effect that the heat of combustion of the rare metal is considerably reduced.
  • the metals of the above referred to rare earths in combination with silicon, titanium or boron aremuch harder than usual. more economicalin use. of less oxidizability and that they are of greater durability than is actually the case if they are exposedto the air.
  • the temperature of ignition of the metals thus prepared is very low so that they detach. it' rubbed against a harder body. very easily small particles which inflame at once in the Specification of Letters Patent.
  • the said compositions are produced by alloying the precious earths, obtained by electrolysis, with silicon, titanium or boron in the cell of decomposition, or by melting the precious earth in fusions which prevent the admission of the air or in indifi'erent gases and adding the other component of the composition.
  • the amount of silicon, titanium and boron added to the precious earths should be in the following limits: silicon from 1.8% minimum to 14% maximum. boron from 1.2% minimum to maximum, titanium from 1.5% minimum to 19% maximum. The more silicon, titanium or boron is added to the precious earths, the harder the pyrophorous metals will be.
  • the hardness of the composition may therefore be regulated at will and according to the purpose of employment. If suitable oxidizing substances are admixed with said pyrophorous substances they can be used advantageously, after they have been pulverized, for the preparation of flashlights, lighting-compositions and the like.
  • composition of matter consisting of a pyrophoric alloy combined with silicon. said alloy containing a metal of the cerium group of the rare earth metals.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
AUGUST LESMIILLEB, OF MUNICH, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T LUDWIG WEISS, OF BARMEN-RITTERSHAUSEN, GERMANY.
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PYROPHOROUS SUBSTANCES FOR IGNITION AND ILLUMINATION.
No Drawing.
4 To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, AUGUST LnsMt'iLLEa, a subject of the German Emperor, and resident of Munich, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for the Production of Pyrophorous Substances for Ignition and Illumination, of which the following is a specification.
The present invention relates to a method of making pyrophoric metallic substances from metals of the so-called rare earths, among such metals are to be included ceri um. thorium, yttrium, lanthanum, neodyium, praseodymium, and samarium, which are known as the metals of the cerium group of the rare earth metals and are distinguished for their considerable heat of combustion and low temperature of ignition, therefore, if they are scratched with harder metals, they detach small particles of metal which immediately burn in developing much heat and in radiating intense light. The pure metals possess this quality in a very high degree. The pure metals are however too soft and they oxidize too easily and they are, therefore. unfit for technical utilization. Said metals, therefore, have to be admixed with other substances for obtaining the smallest sparks possible, that is to say, for reducing the consumption of the metal to the utmost limit, said substances having to be harder and less subject to oxidation than the metal. Actually the heavy metals, such as iron, nickel and cobalt are used for the said purpose. The addition of the heavy metals has however the effect that the heat of combustion of the rare metal is considerably reduced.
Experiments have shown, that the metals of the above referred to rare earths in combination with silicon, titanium or boron aremuch harder than usual. more economicalin use. of less oxidizability and that they are of greater durability than is actually the case if they are exposedto the air. The temperature of ignition of the metals thus prepared is very low so that they detach. it' rubbed against a harder body. very easily small particles which inflame at once in the Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Apr. 16, 1912.
Application filed December 30, 1908. Serial No. 470,124.
open air and ignite combustible gas-mixtures, benzene, alcohol and even solid combustible substances. The said compositions are produced by alloying the precious earths, obtained by electrolysis, with silicon, titanium or boron in the cell of decomposition, or by melting the precious earth in fusions which prevent the admission of the air or in indifi'erent gases and adding the other component of the composition. The amount of silicon, titanium and boron added to the precious earths should be in the following limits: silicon from 1.8% minimum to 14% maximum. boron from 1.2% minimum to maximum, titanium from 1.5% minimum to 19% maximum. The more silicon, titanium or boron is added to the precious earths, the harder the pyrophorous metals will be. The hardness of the composition may therefore be regulated at will and according to the purpose of employment. If suitable oxidizing substances are admixed with said pyrophorous substances they can be used advantageously, after they have been pulverized, for the preparation of flashlights, lighting-compositions and the like.
I claim:-
1. The hereindescribed method of increasing the pyrophoric properties of a metallic alloy containing ametal of the cerium group of the so-called rare earths, by combining the same with silicon.
2. The hereindescribed method of increasing the pyrophoric properties of a metallic alloy containing a metal of the cerium group of the so-called rare earths which consists in separating said metal of the cerium group by electrolysis and alloying the same with silicon.
3. The composition of matter consisting of a pyrophoric alloy combined with silicon. said alloy containing a metal of the cerium group of the rare earth metals.
ln witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two Witnesses.
Al Gl ST IilCShll LLlClt.
\Vitnesses ARTIIIR V. W, t oornu. It minim limit.
US47012408A 1908-12-30 1908-12-30 Process for the production of pyrophorous substances for ignition and illumination. Expired - Lifetime US1023208A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2444849A (en) * 1946-01-11 1948-07-06 Alfred F Reilly Flint
US2490570A (en) * 1947-05-06 1949-12-06 Metal Hydrides Inc Pyrophoric alloys of lead and zirconium and sparking devices containing the same
US2810640A (en) * 1955-04-28 1957-10-22 American Metallurg Products Co Master alloys containing rare earth metals
DE967335C (en) * 1953-02-26 1957-10-31 Treibacher Chemische Werke Ag Pyrophoric alloys
DE967458C (en) * 1953-02-27 1957-11-14 Treibacher Chemische Werke Ag Pyrophoric alloys
DE969139C (en) * 1953-02-26 1958-05-08 Treibacher Chemische Werke Ag Impact and friction pyrophoric alloys
DE971522C (en) * 1953-02-26 1959-02-12 Treibacher Chemische Werke Ag Pyrophoric alloys
US3539334A (en) * 1968-08-13 1970-11-10 Gulf General Atomic Inc Method for producing pyrophoric metal alloy powders
US4837483A (en) * 1988-04-14 1989-06-06 Gte Products Corporation Glow discharge starter containing boron
US5972074A (en) * 1996-07-19 1999-10-26 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Company, Ltd. Method for reducing impurities in misch metal and alloys
US10632155B2 (en) 2005-09-27 2020-04-28 Tissuetech, Inc. Amniotic membrane preparations and purified compositions and therapy for scar reversal and inhibition

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2444849A (en) * 1946-01-11 1948-07-06 Alfred F Reilly Flint
US2490570A (en) * 1947-05-06 1949-12-06 Metal Hydrides Inc Pyrophoric alloys of lead and zirconium and sparking devices containing the same
DE967335C (en) * 1953-02-26 1957-10-31 Treibacher Chemische Werke Ag Pyrophoric alloys
DE969139C (en) * 1953-02-26 1958-05-08 Treibacher Chemische Werke Ag Impact and friction pyrophoric alloys
DE971522C (en) * 1953-02-26 1959-02-12 Treibacher Chemische Werke Ag Pyrophoric alloys
DE967458C (en) * 1953-02-27 1957-11-14 Treibacher Chemische Werke Ag Pyrophoric alloys
US2810640A (en) * 1955-04-28 1957-10-22 American Metallurg Products Co Master alloys containing rare earth metals
US3539334A (en) * 1968-08-13 1970-11-10 Gulf General Atomic Inc Method for producing pyrophoric metal alloy powders
US4837483A (en) * 1988-04-14 1989-06-06 Gte Products Corporation Glow discharge starter containing boron
US5972074A (en) * 1996-07-19 1999-10-26 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Company, Ltd. Method for reducing impurities in misch metal and alloys
US10632155B2 (en) 2005-09-27 2020-04-28 Tissuetech, Inc. Amniotic membrane preparations and purified compositions and therapy for scar reversal and inhibition

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