US827141A - Turbine. - Google Patents

Description

No 827,141-. ILPATENTBD JULY 31, 1906. J. H. o. BUNGE.-

.TURBINE. v

- APPLICATION FILED HAYS, 190s.

- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED JULY 31, 1906. 3 J. H. 0. BUNGE.

TURBINE.

APPLIQATION I'ILED MAY 6, 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' fie ew UNITED sfrArEs PATENT OFFICE;

JULIUS OYBUNGE', oF'BUFFALo, NEW YORK.

' TURBINE;

To all whom itmay concern.- 1

* Be a known that I, JULIUS H. 0. swe t subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, re

siding at Buflalo, in the county of Erie and State of'Ne'w York, have invented a new and useful Improvement "in Turbines, ofwhich pact-receiving devices "an which the steam or other elastic fluid is d1-' rected a ainst the wheel and exhausted therethe following is a specification. i This invention'relates to that class of turbines-which are actuated by the im act of an IO elastic fluidunder pressure, usua ly steam,

. and in which the turbine-wheel isprovided at periphery with devices its sides and at its which receive the impact.

The "object-of this invention is to the construction and arran ement of the imthev devices by 3 from wit a view of producing a turbine which is simple, compact, and durable in construction, economical in consumption of steam,;

highly efiicient end t rust. a

This im roved turbine comprises, briefly stated ,a wli in operation, and free from rows 0 buckets in its side faces, nozzles which deliver the steam primarilyto the side buckets, and assa es which receive the steam escaping om t e side buckets and conduct the steam to theflouter" 'orti'ons of the rows of peripheral buckets, w ile the adjacent inner portionsof the rows of peripheral buckets larged scale.

are -freefor the escape of the exhaust there, fromp In the accompanying drawings, consisting igure 1 is a side elevati'on'ofof three sheets, a the improved turbine, partly insection. Fig.

' 2 is avertical'transverse section, of the lower portion of the turbine in line 2' 2, Fig. 1 Fig.

3is-a fragmentary side elevation offthe turbins-wheel, partly in section and on an enpair of! the peripheral buckets in line 4 4, i'gf 3. Fig. 5 1s a sectional. s de elevation showing the turbine-wheel partly in section and,

showing parts of the casing and steam-chests, the s'ectionthrou h thelatter being taken in line 5 5, Fig. 6. FigfG is a plan of the turbine-wheel and a'horizontalsection throu h the casingin line 6 6, Fig. 5." Fig. 7 is an e evation showing the inner faces of theJsteamchests. Fi 8 is a vertical transverse section throng the upper portion of the turbine wheel and casing on an enlarged scale. Figs. 9 10, and 11 are horizontal sections through Specification of Intters'Patent. Application filed May 6, 1905. Serial No. 259.084-

.rangedin line and each having improve eel which has two rows ofbuckets- .sid e b side in its peripheral face and also Fig. 4 is-asection throu ha Patented July 31,1906. I

B re resents the. turbine-wheel, which is secure to the shaft, preferably, as shown, by being arranged between the d1sks a, and bolted thereto.. The wheel B is arranged in acasing which is preferably composed of an upper part 0 and a lower part-C,-joined by horizontal flan es c. This casing is provided with steam-c estson both-sides, and'such che'stsare referably provided on both'the upper and owerparts of the casing, as shown, Drepresenting the-upper chests and E the lower chests. The u per chests are provided with.

an inlet d and t e lower chests with an inlet 6 forthe steam; The wheel B is provided, as shown, in each side face, near its periphery,

with several concentric rows of buckets,

three rows F F F being shown, and in its pe-.

ripheral face with two rows of buckets G, ar-

ranged side by side. Thesebuckets preferably increase in size from the innermost row ofside buckets .F to the peripheral row of buckets G'inl such proportion as the successive degrees of expansion and velocity of the -steamrequire. 1

Each steam-chest is rovided with one or more steam-nozzlesf, i s. 8 and 9 ,which deliver the steam againstt e innermost rowof side buckets F. These nozzles diverge to ward the wheel to cause the pro 'er expanpassages in sionjof the steam and are arrange obliquely in'the direction in-whichthe wheel rotates, as shown in Fig; 9', the buckets F to which the direct the steam being similarly incline These nozzles arearranged to deliver the steam against the inner half of each bucket, leaving the outer half free ,forthe escape-of the steam" therefrom, as shown in Fig. 8.

The inner well i of each steam-chest is rovided with ai U-shaped st-ean1pas'sage f' ig.

8, which receives the steam escaping from the outermost portion of the innermost-row F of Ibo side buckets and delivers such steam to the innermost iportion of the 'nextouter or intermediate row F of side buckets, and with a similar U-shaped steam-passage f which conducts the steam in like manner from the intermediate row of buckets F to-the outer-v most row of side buckets F The delivery IIO portions of the steam-passages f f are provided with oblique partitions 70, Figs. 8 and 10, which direct the steam properly against the buckets. Each steam-chest is further provided in its inner Wall with a steam-passage Z, which receives the steam from the outermost portion of the outermost row of side buckets F and conducts the steam to the outermost portion of the corresponding row of peripheral buckets Gr, leaving the innermost ortion of the peripheral buckets free for the exhaust. The outer or peripheral portion m of each steam-chest overlaps the outer portion of the peripheral face of the wheel, and the delivery portion of each passage Z is formed in this overlap ing art of the steam-chest, Figs. 2, 5, an 8. .he delivery portion ofthe assage l is provided with oblique partitions which roperly direct the steam against the perip eral buckets. The inlet and outlet openings of the steam-passages f f and Z are segmental in shape and correspond with the respective rows of buckets, as represented in Fig. 7.

Each bucket has preferably the form of a broad and shallow pocket or recess which extends from the surface of the wheel at an oblique angle into the wheel and which has its bottom rounded or concave in the direction of the width 'of the bucket, as represented in Figs. 3 and 4. The rounded or concave bottom permitsthe steam to pass through the bucket from theinlet to the outlet side thereof without obstruction. These buckets are readily cut in the wheel by means of rotary milling-tools.

Each steam-chest is preferably provided in its outer wall with a separate valve 71, Figs. 8 and 9, for each nozzle f, so that any individual nozzle or any desired number of nozzles can be closed, ifdesired, thereby permitting the steam-supply to be regulated without throttling the steam.

The casing is provided with an exhaustpassage 0, Which extends around the eripheralface of the wheel to a greater or l ss extent and communicates between the eripheral portions 'm of the steam-chests with the adjacent inner portions of the two rows of eripheral' buckets G, so as to receive the ex aust steam therefrom. The exhaust steam is preferably conducted from the passage 0 directly to a condenser P, Figs. 1 and 2,or is otherwise discharged in any suitable manner.

The steam passes through the peripheral clear and sharp. A free and steady escape of the exhaust-steam is insured at all times and whirling of thesteam and the loss in efficiency resulting therefrom when the steam is directed against the ridge and emerges from the outer halves of the buckets are avoided.

The 0 erative area of the wheel is comparative y large and located very advantageously at and near the peri hery of the wheel, the steam acts in severa stages of expansion and its energy is gradually absorbed y the successive rows of buckets in a very advantageous manner, the wheel runs without end thrust as the pressures on its sides are balanced, and the width of the wheel and the distance between the bearin s of the shaft are comparatively small, rendering the turbine very compact. The number of rows of side buckets may be reduced or increased, as circumstances may require.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination of a turbine-wheel having its peripheral face provided with rows of buckets arranged side by side, and sup lypassages for the elastic motive fluid w ich direct the fluid to the outer portions of the rows of buckets and leave the adjacent inner portions of the buckets free for the exhaust, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a turbine-wheel having its peripheral face providedwith rows of buckets arranged side by side, assages which direct the elastic motive fliii to the outer portions of the rows of buckets and leave the adjacent inner portions of the buckets free, and an exhaust-passage covering the adjacent inner ortions of said rows of buckets, substantial y as set forth.

3. The combination of. a turbine-wheel having buckets in its side faces and having its 1peripheral face provided with rows of hue ets arranged side by side, nozzles which direct the motive fluid to the side buckets,

assages which conduct the fluid escaping om the side buckets to the outer ortions of the peripheral buckets, and an ex aust-passage which covers the inner ortions of the peripheral buckets, substantiailly as set forth.

4. The combination of a turbine-wheel having side buckets and having its peripheral face provided withbuckets formed by recesses extending obliquely into the wheel from the surface thereof and having their bottoms concave in the direction of their width, nozzles which direct the motive fluid against the side buckets, and passages which direct the fluid from the side buckets to the peripheral buckets, substantially as set forth.

' 5. The combination of a turbine-wheel having its side faces and its peripheral face rovided with concentric rows of buckets ormed by recesses extending obliquely into the wheelfrom the surface thereof and having their bottoms concave in the direction of their width, nozzles which direct the motive fluid against the inner portion of the inner 5 most row of buckets, passages which receive the fiuid from the outer portion-of the inner-.

most row of side buckets and conduct the fluid to the next outer row of side buckets,

and passages which conduct the fluid from the outermost row of side buckets to the peripheralbuckets, substantially,as set forth.

6. The combination of aturbinewheel having buckets in its side faces and in its peripheral face, acasing surrounding the wheel,

chests secured to said casing, and nozzles and passages within thechests fordirecting the motive fluid to the side buckets and from the latter to the peripheral buckets, substantially as set forthl i 7. The combination of a' turbine-wheel having concentric rows of buckets'in its side faces, an inclosing casing, and a chest detachably' secured to said casing and having in its inner Wall a nozzle which directs the motive fluid to the innermost row of buckets, and

' passages which receive the fluid from the 'in- Q having its peripheral face provided with rows I 4 of buckets arranged side by side, chests which nermost rowv of buckets and direct itito the next outer rowof buckets, substantially as set forth. l

8. The combination of a turbine wheel face, an inclosing casing, chests secured to said casing and provided with nozzles which ri heral face of the wheel and whic are ro vided with assages for conducting the uid' from the si e buckets to the outer portions of the rows of peripheral buckets, vand an e'xhaustassage which communicates with the s ace l porperipheral buckets, substantially Witness my hand this 3d day of May,

JULIUS H. o, BUNGE.

Witnesses I EDWARD O. HARD, C. B. HoRNBEoK.

4 direct the motive fluid to the side buckets and l with outer portions which overla 'the pe-- etween' the overlapping portions of t e chests and with the inner ad acent tions of the as set forth.

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