US82576A - He net aitken - Google Patents

Description

H. AITKEN. TRBATING IRON ORE, gw.'

No. 82,576. Patented Sept. 29, 1.868.A

niten fte/tra y @stent @ffies Letters .Pafent No'. 82,576, dated September 29, 1868.

IMPnovnMNT IN rasta-Ine masones, et.

.tte flphuls nfrrrei tu in ttm etim Extent mit mating gud nf .tige same.

' TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, HENRY AITKEN, of Falkirk, Stirling county, Scotland, have invented an Improvement in Treating Iron-Oren, tc.; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same. I

My invention consists in subjecting ironoresand iron-jstone, during the process ofcokingytothe treatment fully described hereafter, so as to utilize the volatile portions of the material, and obtain a better and more available product at less expense than by the ordinary processes.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to practise my invention, I will now proceed to describe the manner of carrying it into effect, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which forms a part of this specification, andin which- Figure 1`is a sectional elevation of one form of apparatus which may be employed in carrying out my, invention. i

'Figure 2, a section on the line 1 2, 1; and,

Figure 3 a plan view of part of the apparatus. l

A is a platform, upon which the iron-ores or iron-stones are placed, and B perforations, through which Vthe lieutand products of combustion are drawn downward into the ues C, through which they pass to the condensing-pipes D, by means of the action of the steam-jet issuing through the nozzle H, these pipes D being connected with suitable vessels, whereintthe conden'sable matters are collected and preserved Vfor use.

E is an iron arched covering, the inside' of which may be lined with fire-bricks, or other 'suitable materials, as sbownin figs. 1 and 2. The arched covering E is carried upon wheels or rollers a, iig. 1, and shown dotted on iig. 2, so that, when the heap or layers of iron-ores or iron-stones are built or laid up'on the platform A, it is covered by the arched covering E, which is run along the rails xed on the side walls By this means, any convenient size of heap may be formed, as the arched covering is, by preference, made in sections, and each of which is run along the rails. b, and placed close to each other, until the heap is cover;f.

The viron-ores or iron-stones may be fired or ignited .on the top, and the'cov'er E run over the heap, the heat or gases being drawn down, as aboveand hereinafter described. i l

To prevent danger from explosions, er a high pressure of gas, which may occurduring the carbonizing of the iron-orcs or iron-stones, part of the end, G, which encloses the arched covering E, is hinged, as shown at e, iig. 2, so' that it may be blown open, and the explosive or high-pressure gases may escape b efore'tbey have collected to a. dangerous extent.. I l

Holes D are formed in the arched covering E, -to adinit'air to the heap after it is fired.

'To facilitate the condensing and collecting of the condensable matters during thecarbonizing of the ironores or iron-stones, water may be caused to owl'through the HuesfCand the pipes D. Steam and water may be also injected among the iron-ores or iron-stones, from time to time, while combustion is going on, to facilitate the condensation of the gases, and, towards the end of the process, steam and water may again be admitted, -for the purpose of facilitating the separation of the sulphur and salt, or sal.'l water may be admitted to'render what sulphur remains harmless. The gases which are not condensed escape by pipe D to a chimney or re-grate, not shown in the drawings, or the exhausting of the gases is maintained by any exhausting or forcing-apparatus or means. l

When the coking or cafrbonizing-process is Afinished, the arched covering may be runoff on the rails b, and

the iron-ores or iron-stones may be removed, or reduced at once to malleable iron, steel, or pig-iron, or the cover may be ke'pt o ,and the iron-ores or iron-stones may be cooled, and watered out under it,and then removed, after which they maybe reduced by the blast-furnace into pig-iron, or they may be reduced into pig-iron, steel, or malleable iron, in kilns, ovens, or'ainfurnnces. i

In lieu of using a steam-jet or chimney for exhausting the gaseous matter, as hereinbefore set forth, ajet of air at high pressure may be employed,by-connecting the nozzle with a reservoir in which the air is compressed. This air in expanding, on escaping through the nozzle, will reduce the'temperature of the condenser to the requisite degree, at the same time producing the necessary amount of draught.

I may further explain that when carbonizing iron-ores or iron-stones, which are not rich in earbonaceous matter, to facilitate and quicken, the time for carbonizing them. a portion of other carbonaceous or hydrocarbonaceous matter,f such as coal, dross, or oil may he mixed with the charge, and the two being treated together,- besides diminishing the period of carbonization, produce a carbonized material, which, containing a larger proportion ofgcarbonaceous matter than is naturally combined with it, less fuel for after reduction is requisite.

In the cases of iron-ores or iron-stones which become soft or friable by carbonization, the mass may be hardened by pouring crude hydrocarbon-oil or tar over it when at a high heat.

The materials to be carbonized maybe placed on a frame or platform carried upon wheels, or on revolving plates or platforms, .such platforms or plates being arranged .to traverse on rails or trams, that they may be run under an arched covering or kiln,`and therein coked or carbonized, or the process may be made continuous by feeding the raw iron-ore or iron-stone-in at one end of the kiln, retort, oven, or arched covering, and, as it is coked or earbonzed, drawing it out at the opposite end, the gases and oils being utilized or collected as hereinb'efore described. i

I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1, Coking iron-stone or iron-ore upon a perforated platform, through the openings in which, and through the mass of stone or ore, the gaseous products of the coking-operation are drawnl downward, for the purpose 2. Utilizing the gaseous products of the coking of iron-stone er ore, substantially as specified.

3. The coking or'carbonizing of iron-ores or iron-stones, in combination with carbonaceous or hydrocar bonaceous matter.

4. The 'employment of crude oil or tar, or oily nr tarry matter, for hardening eoked or carbonized ironf ores or iron-stones.'

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY AITKEN.'

Witnesses:

S'r. JOHN VINEMDAZ, JO'HN BROWN.

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