US824528A - Explosion-engine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 824,528. PATENTED JUNE 26, 1906.

H. D. DIBBLEQ EXPLOSION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.2,1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET'I.

WITNESSES:

1 B 0%42; V, L L Q ATTORNEY No. 824,528. PATENTBD JUNE 26, 1906.

HARVEY DOUGLASS DIBBLE, or MYSTIC, SOUTH DAKOTA.

EXPLGSION-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

I Application filed Febrile "y 2, 1905 Serial No. 243,828.

Patented June '26, 1906.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARVEY DoUsLAs DIBBLE, a'citizen of the United States, and a resident of Mystic, in the county of Penning ton and State of South Dakota, have invented a new and Improved Explosion-En ine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

" ders The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved gas or exploslon engine which is simple and durable in construction,

very effective in operation, and arranged to utilize the motive agent to the fullest advantage and to use a small portion of the hot residue from a previous explosion to compress the same to the'igniting-point with a view toignite the incoming new charge.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations of the same, as will be more fully described hereinafter and then pointed out in the claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the 'accomp anying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate correspending parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the improvement arranged as a two-cycle engine.

Fig. 2 is a like view of the same, showing the parts in different positions. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation of the governor on the main shaft for controlling the admissionvalve; Fig. 4 is a sectional'side elevation of the improvement arranged as a four-cycle engine, and Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional si e elevation of a modified form of the exv haust-valve.

In the working cylinder A of the engine reciprocates a piston B, connected by its piston-rod B with a cross-head B connected by a pitman O with the crank-arm D of'the main shaft D,'pr ovided with the usual pulley E or other means for transmitting the rotary motion of the main shaft to other machinery.

'An auxiliary cylinder'F is superimposed on the cylinder A and in it operates an air-cushioned piston G, provided with a bufier or dash-pot H, of any approved construction,

to prevent shock and jar when the piston Gr seats itself that is, when i annular flange G moves in engagement with a seat F, formed in the cylinder F, as plainly indicated in Fi 1. The adjacent ends of the cylinand F are separated from each other J i i an open or closed position relative to the 't a. i

The wer or compression end of the cyli 5 der A is provided with a port I connects with an admission-valve K for admitting he explosive mixture into the lower end of the cylinder A at the time the piston B is on the u "stroke and the admission-valve K is open, ee Fig. 1.) The admission-valve K has its' valve-stem K pressed on by a spring K and the said stem is engaged by a cam K secured on the main shaft- D of the engine, so that when the latter is running the valve K .p'e-v riodically opened and closed by the action of the cam K3 and the spring K In order to hold the admission-valve K in an open position for a len th of time c'orree spending to the speed of t e main shaft D,

the following device is provided: On the main shaft D is arranged a governor L of any approved construction and having its weighted arms connected with a cam L mounted to slide on and to turn with the main shaft D, the said cam being adapted to engage and actuate a lever L connected with a locking-bolt L mounted to slideand pressed on by a spring L*, the free end of the locking-bolt being adapted to engage ashoulder K on the stem K ,so that when the cam K raises the stem K the said bolt L snaps under the shoulder K to hold the stem Ki raised against the tension of the spring K, at the same time holding the admissiomvalve K in an open position. The bolt L is'withdrawn from the shoulder K by the action of the cam L rotating with the shaft D and controlled by the governor L, so that the admission-valve K is free to close by the action of its spring K whenever the said. bolt L is withdrawn.

The lower or compression end ofthe cylinder A is also connected with the lower'end of the auxiliary cylinder F and for this purpose a pipe N, provided with a check-valve N leads lrom the port l) into the lower end ol' the cylinder F to allow the charge previously drawn into the lower end ol the cylinder A and compressed by the downward-moving 5 piston B to pass by way ol the pipe N into the lower end ol the cylinder F, and when the valve J is open then this charge can pass by way of the port a into the working end ol the cylinder A to lie-ignited therein to force the :0 piston B on its downstroke. The ignition olthe charge *entering by way of the port a takes place by the. charge coming in contact with a small portion of the hot residue from a previous explosion, the said small portion ol gases being compressed by the piston B to the ignitii)n pointsay about four hundred pounds pressineso that the incoming charge is ignited. The main portion ol the products ol' combustion from a previous explosion are discharged by way ol an exhaust port r, leading lrom the upper or working end et the cylinder A to the val .;e- -.asing ol an exhaust-valve O, havil'igits valve-stem O pressed on by a spring to normally hold the exhaust-valve O to its seat.

stem is engaged by a cam O" on the main shalt l) to periodically open the exhaustvalve-.0 lor the discharge ol the main per-I tion ol the gases of a previous explosion at the time the piston 13 is on the upstroke. and

draws ina new charge into the compression.

end ol the cylinder, as previously explained. in" order to prevent atmospheric air lrom being drawn in by way ol theexhaust-valve 5 casing and the port 0 inl'lrthe cylinder A, an

40 the exhaust-valve n1'ay l arrzuiged as illustratcdyin .Fig. 5; t1liat'i s, theexliaust-valve .0. has app 'i'ou ol-its stein lormed into a guideway .tforithei stem 0 of an auxiliary valve. (font-rolling.the port 1:, leading to -5 the-inter or ol the cylinder, the stem 0" being pressed on bya spring 0*" to hold the valve I 0" to itsseat, but to allow the valve 0" to 1 open as soon as the pressure lrom the inside 7 ol the cylinder is sulliciently strong to overgdeome the tension of the spring 0 The valve 0 is periodically opened 'lrom the main shalt, as previously described, and is normally held to its seat by a spring 0.

The operation is as follows:. l Vl-ien the engine isrunning and the several parts are in tl-iefpes-ition illustrated in Fig. t,-then the piston B is on the upstroke and the valves R and Il ardopened, while the valve J is closed, so thatthe upward movement of the 6o: piston Biexpels.the products of combustion lrom,aprevious explosion bywayel the port (1 and the valves() and l 'At the same time theupward movement ol 1 he pisl on B draws in a fresh charge ol" the explosive mixture byway of the open admission-valve K and the port The valve' 7;. When the piston B is near the end ol its upstrel-ze, then the valve 0 closes and the remaining portion ol the hot residue lrom a previous explosion is compressed to the igniti'ng-poiid, and when the piston. B has reached the end of its upward stroke the valve J opens so that the previously-(annpressed charge in, the cylinder .F passes by way of the port a into the working end of the cylinder A to be ignited therein and to exert its pressure against the piston B and send the same. on the,downstroke. During the time the piston B moves downward the charge previously drawn into the compression end of the cylinder A is compressed, and as the valve K is now closed (see Fig. 2) the compressed charge. is forced by way of the port I) and pipe N into the cylinder F at the time the valve J is again in a closed position and the piston B nearly reaches the end of its downward stroke.

It is understood that the cylinder or chamber F is 'lilled with compressed air, and this pressure can be anything desired, but should be about four hundred pounds per square,

inch. The chamber F should be large;- enough, or preferably should be connected with an air-receiver large enoi'igh, so that the rish and fall ol the piston (r would not per-- ceptibly increase. or decrease the pressure therein. The piston G being lree to rise against such pressure whenever the pressure of compression or ignition is greater than the pressure inthe chamber F and whenever the working piston in the cylinder A starts on its working stroke, the piston"(llollowsthe same and communicatesto said work-ng piston the energy/that had been stored fin the com pressed air in the chamber F until the'piston G is seated, when the expansion is adiabatic to the end ol the stroke.

In the lour-eycle engine .shown in Fig. 4 the cylinder A contains both the working piston B and the auxiliary piston (1 having the bu'll'er H, and in this case the admissionvalve K", as well as the exhaust-valve O, are actuated by cams Q and (gum a shalt Q, connected, by bevel gear-wheels Q and Q with the main shalt D. The governor lr" controls the eam'li, the same as previously described relative to Fig. 3%, and this cam l) acts on a lever 1 connected with a spring-pressed lo ckingbolt if lor locking the stem K and valve K in an open position until the cam ll causes a withdrawal of the locking-bolt l), the same as previously described in role!- euce to Figs.l and 3. The gearing Q and Q" is so arranged thatthe shalt Q makes one revolution. to two revolutions ol the main shalt l) to actuate the valves K and O correspondingly, as is well known in the lourcycle type ol' engines, and consequently lurther description ol the same is not deemed necessary.

It is understood that as the cam L (If) is actuated by the governor L (L the admissiPn-valve K (K )is closed sooner or later, ac-

cording to the speed of the main shaft D, and

, consequently the speed of the engine is posi- 5 tively regulated by the ratioof expansion.

If this expansion is very great when the engine isrunning under a light load, then the exhaust pressure might fall below that of the atmosphere, so that the engine would be working against a artial vacuum, and if the exhaust-valve F0 opened at the end of the stroke the atmosphere would be liable to rush in, and the work done in forming the vacuum would be lost. To save this loss of power, the auxiliary valve P (0 is rovided, which closes on pressure from wit out, but

opens on the slightest pressure from within.

In both types of the engine shown the ignition is by compression, although in 'both 20, types it will probably be advantageous to use 3 a spark-plug or some other form of igniter in starting the engine until the engine warms up.

In the four-cycle type of engine it will be too soon no shock occurs whatever, as the auxiliary piston G is free to slide upward a ainst the com ressed air in the upper end of the-cylinder d and this compressed air is againused for sending the iston (it down- 0 ward at the time the piston 3 is on the down stroke.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent 1. An explosion-engine comprisinga main shaft, a working cylinder, a piston therein connected with the main shaft, an auxiliary cylinder, a piston in the said auxiliary cylinder and air-cushioned, a partition separating the said cylinders and having a connectingport, a valve controlling the said port and periodically actuated from the said main shaft, an admission-valve for the compression end of the said working cylinder, and a connectioii between the compression end of'the working cylinder and the said auxiliary cylinder.

2. An explosion-engine comprising a main shaft, a working cylinder, a piston therein connected with the main shaft, an auxiliary cylinder, a piston in the said. auxiliary cylinder and air-cushioned, a partition separating the said cylinders and having a connecting-' port, a valve controlling the said port and periodically actuated from the said main shaft, an admission-valve for the compression end of the said working cylinder, a connection between the compression end of the working cylinder and the said auxiliary cylinder, and means for eriodically actuating the said admission-Va ve from the said main shaft.

3.; An explosion-engine comprising a maln shaft, a working cylinder, a piston therein connected with the main shaft, an auxiliary cylinder, a piston in the said auxiliary cylinnotie'ed that if the charge is ignited a little,

shaft and alocking device controlled from the governor, for holding the admissionvalve open a. length of time corresponding to the speed of the main shaft.

4. An explosion-engine comprising a main shaft, a working cylinder, a piston therein connected with the main shaft, an auxiliary cylinder, piston in the said auxiliary cylinder and air-cushioned, 'a partition separating the said cylinders and having a connecting port, a valve controlling the said port and periodically actuated from the said main shaft, an admission-valve for the compression end of the said working cylinder, a connection between the compression end'of the working cylinder and the said auxiliary cylinder, and an exhaust-valve controlled from the said main shaft and having an auxiliary checkvalve.

5. An explosion-engine comprising a main,

shaft, a working cylinder, a piston therein connected with the main shaft, an auxiliary cylinder, a piston in the said auxiliary cylinder and air-cushioned, a partition separating the said cylinders and having a connectingport, a valve controlling the said port and periodically actuated from the said main shaft, an admission-valve for the compression end of the said working cylinder, a connection between the compression end of. the working cylinder and the said auxiliary cylinder,

means for periodically actuating the said admission-valve from the said main shaft, the said means including a governor on the main; shaft and a locking device controlled from the governor, for holding the admissionvalve open a length of time corresponding to the speed of the main shaft, and an exhaustvalve controlled from the said main shaft and provided with a check-valve arranged between the exhaust-valve proper and the out let to the atmosphere.

6. An explosion-engine provided with .a main cylinder having a working piston, an auxiliary cylinder having a cushioned piston, a valve controlling a connection between the cylinders, and a valved connection be tween the compression end of the main cylinder and the said auxiliary cylinder.

7. In an explosion-engine and in combina-.

tion, a working cylinder, a piston therein, an. expansible compression-cylinder, means whereby the ower-stroke of the piston may compress a c arge of explosive mixture and IIO % eeeeee force it into the c0Impression-0y?indez, means In testimony whereof I have signed my whereby the-Return stroke of he piston may name to this specification in. the presence of 10 expel a portion ei' the spent charge and eemtwo sux41scribing Witnesses. press the renminder to theigni tien -yeint, and I HARVEY DOUGLASS DIBBLE means whereby to admit tne compressed elmrge of explosive mixture to the compressed Witnesses: portion of the'spent charge when atits highest G P. BILLUPS,

point of compression. J. W. LAIP.

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