US1349394A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

E. N. TRUMP AND F. FR|EDR|CHS.,

' PUMP;

APPLICATION FILED MAY'S, 191s".

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

4 SHEEIS-SHEET l.

WI TNESSES:

ATTORNEY.

E. NITRUMP AND F. FRIEDRICHS. PUMP. v APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1916. 1,349,394. Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

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may w dywm' ATTORNEY E. TRUMP AND F. FHIEDRICHS.

PUMP. I

' APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1916. 1,349,394.

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ATTORNEY.

PatglitedAug. 10,1920.

E. N. TRUMP AND F. FRIEDRICHS.

- PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1916. V

- Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SEEN 4.

WITNESSES: 11v VEN TOR.

BY M 5M ATTORNEY.

QUNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE.

' EDWARD s. TRUMP, or SYRACUSE, NEw'Yonx; AND FRANK rnmnmcns, or

DETROIT, HIGAN, AssIeNors'ro HUMPHREY ens PUMP COMPANY, in

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pate t d A 10 1920.

Application filed May 3; 1916. Serial No. 95,062.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that we, EDWARD N. TRUMP, a citizen of the United States, residingrin Syracuse, county of Onondaga, State of New York,and FRANK F RIEDRICHS, a subject 'of the King of Great Britain, residing at Solvay Lodge, Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

r The invention relates to pumps. The object is to provide improved pumping mech-' ani'sm in which the conducting pipe from the supply to the discharge, or a portion of said pipe, is made to reciprocate by a power generating device to force the water through 'the same, and the weight, inertia and momentum of the pipe and its contentsare utilized in connection with the functions of the power generating device. The'invention-is especially applicable to pumping water from wells, but it is not necessarily confined to such use. While the following description shows the device adapted for vertical reciprocation it is obvious that it may also be used in positions inclined to the vertical.

The kinetic energy of the moving parts is utilized to do useful work in such a way as to secure the operation of a steam cylinder more economically than heretofore possible in a direct acting steam pump. Better economy may also besecured in a similar way in connection with an internal combustion cylinder or other power generating means. v

In the prior art it has been proposed to reciprocate a pipe or tube with a foot valve to cause water to be delivered therethrough, but in none of these prior devices is any method or means shown whereby approximately the entire kinetic energy acquired by the moving parts may be utilized to secure an economical .operatlonof a power generating means.

The direct acting well pump now in common use, comprises a steam cylinder directly connected'to a pump which is located in a well. These pumps are eificient as regards mechanical losses, but are inefiicient as regardssteam consumption, because, in'com-' eration to mon with other types of direct acting steam has been found that, besides the normal .energy required for simply raising the water,

anearly equal additional energy is requ1red to give the tube the necessary accel secure an eflicient operation of this type of pump. This represents kinetic energy stored in the tube, and, if not utilized involves loss of energy as compared with present direct acting steam pumps. The first step in this invention therefore s to provide means for'utilizing or recover- 1ng this kinetic energy, and, although all this energy cannot be fully utillzed the extreme simplicity and low first and maintenance cost of the tube pump is such as to offset this small loss and bring the tube pump into general use.

The secondstep of the invention in its most complete form consists in recovering and utilizing this kinetic energy in such a way. as to permit of using steam or other motor fluid expansively and, by operating ,on the Stumpf cycle, We reduce the steam consumption so that we are able to produce a direct acting well pump which not only gives a steam consumption very much less than that of the present directa'ctingsteam pumps but the pump part of the device costs less to construct,-less to install and less to maintain. i

The means to recover the kinetic energy, mentioned as the first step, may be a cylinder containing an elastic medium with a piston operating therein connected to the piston rod, in which the piston will compress the elastic medium in the cylinder by the kinetic energy, and the compressed cushion will react to help acceleration in the return stroke. In the second step the means used in a steam pump are the combination of this compression of an elastic cushion, with the so far as possible Q pansively, and thereby utilize all of the kinetic-energy in the water and perhaps part of the kinetic ener in the tube to complete the stroke. hen the piston reaches the upper part of the cylinder, and

the exhaust ports open to exhaust the steam, the piston moves into the "upper endof the cylinder which forms an air cushion and the remaining kinetic energy in the tube is stored in this air cushion which reacts and causes the tube to descend at a velocity greater than which is desirable in this form of pumping. As soon as the piston emerges from the air cushion the exhaust ports are closed, thereby trapping the steam in the cylinder which is compressed by the kinetic energy in the tube to a'point approaching initial steam pressure, which compression stops the downward motion of the tube and gives the high compression necessary to the'Stumpf cycle.

This method of utilizing the kinetic energy, so that it permits of a eat expansion on the upstroke and of-fhlgh compression on the downstroke enables this form of pump to be operated by an internal combustion cylinder with or without the use of crank or flywheel. Where a fiywheellor crank is used, the cushion cylinder not only is desirable to absorb kinetic energy but also to prevent the shock on the bearings which would otherwise result from the acceleration and retardations above referred to. The only difference between steam and internal combustion is that in the latter it is the combustion of the gas or oil that gives the initial impulse on the upstroke, which also must be used enpansively, and there is gas or air instead of steam in the cylinder which'forms the compression on the downstroke, which compression is also essential to the operation of an internal combustion engine.

Referring to the drawings which illustrate merely by way of example means for the embodiment of our invention- Figure 1 is a vertical section of a pump embodying the invention in which the power cylinder is adapted connected with and reciprocates the tube.

'Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modification in which the piston is connected with a cross-head above'the cylinder, which is a gas cylinder, and the cross-head'is connected with the tube.

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing a double acting una-ilow steam power cylinder.

Fig. 4; shows a single acting una-fiow steam power cylinder.

Fig. 5 is a similar view showing a separate cushioning cylinder especially useful with condensing steam engines.

Fig. 6 shows a single acting una-fiow the velocity due to gravity,

the lower part ofcharge of liquid through pipe 37 into cylinder to use liquid fuel, and the power piston operating therein is 'that due to gravity,

steam power cylinder and piston with a differential piston connected therewith operating in a cushioning cylinder.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views. Referring to Fig. 1, when the compressed charge below piston 21 in cylinder 22 is ignited the piston is, forced upwardly carrye ing with it the tube 23 which is connected 24. Air iscompressed in to the piston rod 1 the cylinder above the piston and .alsoin the. annular space 25 which is in communication with the cylinderthrough ports 26. Whenthe piston 21 covers the ports 26an air cushion is compressed at the'top' of the cylinder until the upward movement of'the piston is arrested. When the piston passes above and uncovers the ports 26, and at the same time the tappet 27 on piston rod '24 encounters the stem 28 of valve 29 which opens this valve, the compressed air in annular'space 25 rushes through ports 26 into cylinder 22 to drive out the burnt products" through port 29. During the upstroke of the piston 21 the spring 30 will actuate, through lever 31, the rod 32 of a plunger operating in cylinder '33, to draw in a fuel from a suitable source ofsupply through pipe 4 1. Upon the downstroke of the piston 21, the projection 34 connected with the piston rod 2 1 Will engage the tappet'35'on rod 36 to move the lever 31Yand plunger rod 32 in the opposite direction to force a charge of liquid fuel 22 through a suitable spraying nozzle not shown. It will be understood that this liquid fuel is sprayed into the cylinder into air compressed by the downstroke of the piston, and thus we have a compressed charge for the next stroke.

Upon the upstroke of piston 21 and tube 23 the water, that has entered the bottom of the tube past the foot valve 38 to the level of the supply in well 39, is also carried upwardly, and when the piston comes to rest, due to the compression of. the elastic cushion at the top of the cylinder 22, the water in the tube cannot stop so suddenly, and consequently flows by momentum upwardly drawing in more water through the footvalve 38.

The compressed elastic cushion in the top of the cylinder 22 will start the piston and tube downwardly at sothat water will con- 23 and consequently foot valve 38. piston 21 the tinue to rise in tube more water will enter through By the downstroke of the fresh expansible charge of gas in inder, or the exhaust steam remaining in the steam cylinder, is compressed and the compressed elastic cushion thus formed, will check the downward movement of the piston toward'the end of its stroke, and the a velocity greater than a as c le I water falling by gravity will gradually at-' tain a velocity equal to the velocity-of the tube, and if this is realized before thetube comes to rest the weight of the water in the descending tube will add to said compression of the fresh charge.-

' It can readily be seen that this addi tional compression will dependupon the relative velocities of the water andthe tube,

and it may be possible to operate the tube at so high a velocity that the water would not come to rest at all, but thatthe tube would start on its second upward stroke be fore the water had entirel come to rest on its first upward stroke. This, it can readily be understood,- gives ,a .wide range of conditions in order to obtain any desired compression. Where a gas cylinder is usedvwith anexhaust valve, and that valve should leak badly, or should become stuck open or where for any reason there might not-be suflicient compression in the cylinder properly to arrest the working parts at the end of the downstroke, it will be desirable to provide some form of dash 'pot for cushioning the parts and preventing too great a shock. It is of 'course desirable that this dash pot should not be active until the falling is near the bottom of the cylinder or about the point of designed compression, in order that the dash pot will not interfere with the compression. In F igs. 1 and 4 we have shown a simple for-moi? hydraulic dash pot in leakage between the tube and the which the holes 40 in the pipe 41 let the water flow freely in and out of the annular space 42 but when the holes are covered by the enlargement 43 of tube maining in the annular space 42, being forced out through small orifices,

or by the 7 surrounding pipe, makes an effective hydraulic dash pot. v

In Fig. 2 the means for reciprocating the tube .23 comprises an internal combustion gas cylinder 44. The piston 45 is connected with the piston rod 46 which passes upwardly through the low pressure end of the cylinder and is connected with the cross head 47 which in turn is connected by the rods 48 with said tube 23. The tube 23 also has a sliding engagement with the stationary tube 49 which leads upwardly to any desired point of discharge.

In Fig. 3, the means for reciprocating the tube 23 comprises the doubleacting unaflow steam cylinder 50 and piston 51 operatwith the cross-head 53 to which are connected therods 54 which carry the tube 23. The intake steam inlet valves 55 and 56 are operated by the tappets 57 and 58 adapted to be engaged by the cross-heads 53. It

will also be noted that this steam c linder is provided withthe steam jackete heads cause the closing of the same. 23 the water re 7 '59 and 60 through'which the steam passes to the valves 55 and 56. In Fig. 4 the means for reciprocating the tube 23 comprises a single acting una-flow steam cylinder 61"having the acketed head 62 and the steam admission valve 63. The

steam is led to the jacketed head 62 through lever 70 connected by link 71 with yoke 68 so that the spindle is brought to such position before piston 66 has'reached the end of its stroke to open communication between the space to the rear of valve piston 73 and the exhaust so that the pressure ,is relieved to permit the opening of the valve .63 due to the pressure on the opposite side of said valve piston 73. The time required to relieve. this pressure after the actuation. ofvalvespindle 69 is regulated by a needle valve 74 so that any required delay may be secured. Cut-oflis secured b moving the spindle into the position esta lishing communication between the steam pressure and the space to the rear of valve piston 73 to his specific form of mechanism for causing delayed actuation of the admission valve is the invention of William C. Brown and is the subject-matter of a copending application and is merely given as an example and forms no part of this invention except as ap lied-to the other mechanism.

ne very great advantage in the tube pump without discharge valve is that .it is possible to vary the capacity, by simply varying the cut-ofl"; whereas in any other form of steam pump using steam expansively, when the capacity is small, the cut-ofl's have to be lengthened to prevent stopping on the dead center. I

In Fig. 5 the means for reciprocating the tube 23 comprisesthe una-flow steam cylinder 75, having the piston 76 connected with the piston rod 77 An additional piston 78 is provided on.rod 77 which piston operates in the cylinder 7 9 which is provided with openings 80 intermediate its two ends,- but which is closed at its two ends forming. an air cushion or check for each end of the re- .ciprocating movement of said rod 77. If

running by steam, condensing, there would not be suflicient cushion in the condensed steam, properly to check the weight of parts, on the down-stroke, hence an outside cushion cylinder, or someequivalent means providedhaving the extension 82 of greater 7 diameter, 81 being the power piston operating in thepower cylinder 83 while 82 operates in the air cushion cylinder 84;. The supplemental air cushion shown in Figs. 5 and 6 are especially desirable where the steam engine is run condensing and where the amount of steam trapped in the. return stroke may not be s fiicient to afiord an effective cushion. a

What we-clainiis:.

l. The method of pumping, which consists in reciprocating a tube provided with a suitable valve so as to cause liquid to flow therethrough, said reciprocation being caused'by a motor, recovering and utilizing approximatelythe entire kinetic energy stored as a result of .said actuationto cooperate in the functions of the motor;

' 2l Themethod of pumping, which consists in actuating a reciprocating tube provided with a suitable valve so. as to cause liquid to flow therethrough, recovering and utilizing through the medium of an elastic fluid the kinetic energy storedas a result of said actuation to cooperate in the functions of the actuating means.

3. The method of pumping which consists in actuating a reciprocating tube provided with a suitable valve so as to cause liquid to flow therethrough, communicating energy to the tube so as to cause an acceleration at the beginning of the stroke, recovering and utilizing the kinetic energy stored as a result of said actuation to cooperate in the functions of the actuatingmeans.

4. The method of pumping which consists in actuating a reciprocating tube provided with a suitable valve so as to cause liquid to flow therethrough, retarding the tube toward the end of the stroke by an elastic fluid medium, recovering and utilizing the energy stored as a result of said actuation to cooperate in the functions ofthe actuating means. I

5. The method of pumping which consists in actuating a reciprocating tube provided a with a suitable valve so as to cause iiquid to flow therethrough, retarding the tube toward the end of the stroke, by an elastic fluid medium, and utilizing energy stored in the elastic medium in connection with the return stroke.

6. T he method of pumping which consists in actuating a reciprocating, tube provided with a suitable valve so as to cause liquid to iiow therethrough, causing said reciprocation by means of a primary power medium and utilizing the kinetic energy stored duringthe power stroke to permit of using the power medium expansively.

7. The method of pumping, which consists in actuatinga reciprocating tube provided with a suitable valve so as to cause. liquid to flow therethrough, causmg said reciprocation by means of a power piston and utilizing kinetic venergy stored during the power stroke by pausln'g it to re-act upon the piston to accelerate the return stroke. 8. The method of pumping, in actuating a reciprocating tube provided with a suitable valve so as to cause liquid to flow therethrough, causing said reciprocation by means of a power piston operated by an expansible medium and utilizing kinetic energy stored during the power stroke by causing it to react upon the piston to increase upon the return stroke the pressure of the expansible medium.

9. A pump, which comprises a tube provided with a suitable valve, actuating means including a motor for reciprocating said tube was to cause a flow of liquid. therethrough and means for recovering approximately the entire kinetic energy stored as a result of said actuation and for utilizing said energy in connection with the functions of the motor,

10. A pump, which. comprises a tube provided with a suitable valve, actuating means for reciprocating said tube with an acceleration at the beginning of the stroke, and

means, including an elastic fluid medium,

for recovering the kinetic energy stored as a result of said actuation and for utilizing said energy'in connection with the functions of the actuating means.

11. A pump, which comprises a tube provided with a suitable valve, actuating means for reciprocating said tube, means including an elastic fluid for securing the required retardation of the tube to cause a flow of liquid therethrough, and for recovering the kinetic energy stored as a result of said actuation and for utiiizing said energy in connection with the functions of the actuating means. Y

12. A pump, which comprises a tube provided with a suitable valve, actuating means comprising a power cylinder for aprimary mediumhaving high initial and subsequent expansive force and a piston operating in said cylinder, for reciprocating said tube, so as to cause a flow of liquidtherethrough,

and means for recovering the kinetic energy stored as a result of said actuation and for the piston, and arranged to permit of a conit which consists aiderable movement of the piston after passing the point necessary to secure said valve connection with the actuating means, ap-

proximately the entire kinetic energy stored as the result of said actuation, and -a hydraulic dash-pot effective toward the end of the downstroke.

EDWARD N, TRUMP.

' 'Witnes'ses WM. G. BROWN,

E. T. ADAMS, C. C. TRUMP, G. S. SCALES.

FRANK FRIEI )RICI IS.

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