US824029A - Transmitting-key for telegraphic circuits. - Google Patents

Description

I. KITSEB. TRANSMITTING KEY FOR TELEGRAPHIG CIRCUITS.

APPLIOATIGN FILED HAP-.25, 1904.

WTJYESSEJf INVE/YTWE: m Q Q PATENTBD JUNE 19, 1906.

UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

ISIDOR KITSEE, O'F PHI ADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR-OF one HALF-TO WILLIAM J. LATTA,

or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TRANSMITTING-KEY son TELEQRAPHIG clnourrs.

Specification pf Letters Intent.

Patented June 19, 1906.

Application no Inch 25,1004. Serial 1a. soaosa.

or instance, as underground or submarine" cables.

In submarine cables telegr aisem fished with the'aid of &hing is today e double key,

e or y an impulse of-one polarity is sent over the line by depressmgone lever and an impulse of opposite polarity is sent over the line by the dffJI'BSSiOD of the second lever. A

Y dot'ls fol-me by the transmission of animpulse of one polarity'and a dash is formed by anirnpulse of oppos'te olarity. 'lliercfi'ne dots and dashes are distinguished from each other not by the length or unit of time, but by the polarity of the impulse.

To persons versed in the art, it is well known that were it possible to telegraph withtrue reversals-that is, in a manner so that on lin pulse of one polarity always follows an impulse of opposite polarity-the speed of transmission could be greatl increased; but with the method as practiced to-da such true reversals cannot be reduced or the reason that in the telegrap c alphabet the majority of letters are composed of two or more dots or two or more clashes in succession, which means two or more impulses of one polarity in two or more impulses of the opposite poarit in this invention Imake use of one single key to accomplish the true reversal automaticslly, leaving it to the operator to determine onlly the time unit between two depressions.

have clearly stated that the difference between a dot and dash does not lie in the dif {gt-dam of polarity of the impulses transmitut that a dot is designated by one impulses In quick succession. Now with the emcnt as will later on be more fully descn ed every depression of the key preacute to the circuit a battery of opposite po- 7 larity, and when, therefore, a dash circuits, and has more special reference to t I tirety,

also and a dash is desi ated is two im-' 7 P gn y sienna-mailin i.

is to be transmitted and the key is therefore dopressed tw ce in quick succession it-follows that at the receivin -station two ulses' in quick succession W1 be received? at each 1 'fiulsewill be of an opposite polarity.

eferringnow to the drawmgs, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of my transmittingkey attached to a transmittingdihe Fig. 2

is a" cross-section, through a step-by-step z ei hgm i v k n t is t e transmitt' e as an entirety, of which Bis the leve i a' nd the contacting point for said lever, D the contasting point for a local circuit containing the source of current N and the electromagnet M. A is the reversing device as an enconsistinig of the lstep-by-step movement F, pivots at G and provided with the escapement K, the arm 1c of this escapement servm as the armature of the electromagnet M, arm is held swag from said magnet b the spring L; Secure to the same s aft G? is the contacti lng wheel H, provided with the contacts I. see contacts are separated from each other by the non-conducting strips E. The contacts I are alternately connects ed through wires I and 2 to the batteries P I and 0, respectively. These batteries are grounded at Q. The modus operandi of racticing this art of my invention is as fol ows-x When the ey is at rest-that is, when the spring a resses the rear end of the lever B inst the contact D, (the switch B being e osed,}'the electromagnct M becomes enerfized' and draws the arm I: of the escapement toward its core.- This movenent of the escapelnent results therein that the step-bystep" wheel F is moved one tooth, thereby b one of the contact-points I moontaet'wit the brush J. If new the lever B is I the impulse transmitted by this ion will be of a polarity equal to the do polarity of the battery connected to that con- 'rtion which is in electrical. contact circuit including the electromagnet M will be e brush J; but at the same time the broken and the arm k of the escapement K will be with the aid ofthe spring L, drawn from the electron: at M and in a position When nowthe o orator releases the lever the spring a of t e,

same will draw 1: rear end of the levar in contact with the point D, closing again the circuit including the electromagnet, thereby reenergizin the same, with the result that the arm I: will e again drawn toward its ,core and the step-by-step device will be moved one tooth farther, thereby bringing in contact with the brush J the next follow ng contact portion of the contact-plate, which portion connected to a battery of a polarity opposite to the polarity of the battery connected to that contact portion which was formerly in contact with said brush. Should the operator again depress the key, then the contact C, which was formerly connected through the brush J with the battery of one polarity, will now be connected through this contact and the brush with the battery of opposite polarity, thereby sending an impulse over the line opposite to the impulse pre- T of a polarity ceding, and as me step-by-step movement, with its magnetic device, is so arranged that every closing of the key will allow the escapement to move in one direction and everyi opening of the key compel the escapement to move in the opposite direction, thereby moving the step-by-step device one tooth, and as the moving of one tooth always brings in contact the lower portion of the ke with the battery of a polarity opposite to t e polarity of the batte of the preceding contact it follows that t e successive operation of the key will cause for each closing an impulse of op osite polarity to flow over the line.

i have in the drawings illustrated a simple step-by-st.ep movement to be operated by an or me to state that this key may be used for any line of transmission; but its greater advantage [S evident in the transmission of -Inpulses where true reversals are desired-that 15, in the transmission over such cables or lines where each signal transmitted should be of a polarity opposite to the polarity of the signal precedin and where the difference between the two c 1aracters-dots and dashesis only designated by the quickness with which one signal follows the other. The characters of the word Good according to the Morse alphabet'wouldbe as follows: Good, and in telegraphing this word, accordin to the Morse with the double key and met od of to-day the following impulses have to be transmitted in the fol owing order: two positives denoting two dashes and ,noting the one negative denotin a dot for the letter G two negatives %or two (lots denoting the first letter 0, two negatives for two dots denoting the second letter O, and one positive denotin the dash and two negatives doots for the letter 1). It will be seen, therefore, that according to flu; method of to-day five impulses of the samis'- polarity have to be transmitted in succession. This would either choke the cable if the re ular time unit between the first and. second i 1- pulses would be observed, or to prevent tlfi's choking a comparatively lon time will have to lapse between the transmission of the dif- :ferent negativeimpulses, so as to give the cable time to discharge, or, as it is called, clear.

l/Vith the improved key, substantially asdescribed and illustrated, and with the improved method, as substantially referred to, the signals or individual impulses to be transmitted for the word Good will consist of the following, (taking it for granted that the operator starts when the positive pole oi the batter is connected to the key:) One positive, fol owed in quick succession by one ne ative, to denote the first dash, one positive, followed in quick succession by one negative, to denote the second dash, and one ositive to denote the dot to make the letter 5/ one negative to denote the first dot and one i ositive to denote the second dot of the first etter O,one negative to denote the first dot and one positive to denote the second dot of the second letter 0, one negative and one positive 'in quick succession to denote the dash, one negative to denote the first dot, and one positive to denote the second dot, of the letter 1). Thus it is clearly seen that every positive impulse is followed by a negative impulse, or vice versa, no matter if a dot or a dash has to be transmitted, the onl difference between a dot anddash being t at a dot consists of one impulse, no matter of what polarity as long as this olarit I is opposite to the pre ceding impu se, an that a dashconsists of two impulses in quick succession, opposite in polarity from each other, no matter of what clarity the first impulse is, so long as the poarity of this first impulse is op osite to the polarity of the impulse rec' in Again the key and the method or wh ic it is designed does not contemplate the employment of impulses rising or falling in value; but, on the contrary, to make a true reversal, it is neccssa practically 3i that as soon.as one im ulse attains a higher value or is of Ion er 'uration the chain of true reversals wou d be broken and the cable would assume a state whichiit is desired to avoid through my improved method of telegraphing wit exactly true reversals, wherein one lmpulse should rantically be of an electromotive force an duration alike to the.

that all the impulses should be e same in value, for the reason and presents electromotive force and duration of every other impulse.

No doubt instead of two separate batteries one battery may be used; but I have found that the em loyment of two separate batteries simpli es the construction of the inst'rument and is in theend more economical one battery alone is used.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, ters iatent, is-

In combination with mittin -keya step-by-step movement adapted to c ange the polarity of the transmittingkey, said step-by-step. movement actuated greeter practicability and desire to secure by Let a. telegraphic tronsb. electromagnetic means, the circuit of said ectromegnetic means containin also a. source of current and connected wit one terminai to the movable lover of said key, and with theother terminal to the back stop of said key, the ste -by-step movement adapted to be cctuated when said key is in its open position and adapted to be made stationary when the key is in its closed osition.

In testimony whereof I ereby sign my namegin the presence of two subscrib' witaccess, this 23d day of March, A. D. 1904.

' ISIDOR KITSEE.

Witnesses:

Enrru R. STILLEY, H. O.- Ynr'rnn,

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