US510003A

US510003A - Telegraphy

Info

Publication number: US510003A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1893-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 1910-12-05

Description

(No Model.)

P. B. DELANY.

TELBGRAPHY. No. 510,003. Patented Dee. 5, 1893.

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UNITED STATES ATENT OEEICE.

PATRICK B. DELANY, OF SOUTH ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,003, dated December 5, 1893.

Application tiled January 22,1892. Serial No. 418.947. (No model.)

To coll whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, PATRICK B. DELANY, a citizen of the United States, residing at South Orange, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a system of telegraphy adapted more especially for use upon long and difcult circuits, such for instance as ocean cables and long underground lines. The invention consists of an improved receiving apparatus adapted to readily respond to and render manifest the received impulses of current representing the transmitted message either in dots or dashes, or any other telegraphic code. To this end I so construct the receiver that it will respond to impulses of alternating polarity and that the delicate movements of that part of the receiver which responds directly to the main line currents shall control more vigorously acting local devices by means of which the transmitted impulses are rendered manifest by sound or a permanent record or both.

In the construction of my apparatus I ernploy a permanent magnet in the eld of which is located a delicately pivoted or suspended coil that is included in the main line circuit. This coil is entirely unbiased, or is practically so for the purpose of this invention, and it therefore tends to remain at rest in any position into which it may be moved by one impulse of current until another impulse of current effects its movement in the opposite direction. This coil carries or actuates a light contact arm that may be made of aluminium or other suitable material. This part of the apparatus is substantially like that found in ordinary cable recorders, except that the swinging coil is, as above stated, entirely unbiased. IVhen an impulse ofcurrent of one polarity passes in the coil it swings in one direction, and the passage of'a current of opposite polarity or direction causes it to swing in the opposite direction. Its movement in either direction is limited by stops, preferably non metallic. The end of the contact arm extending beyond these stops plays between two contacts carried by the armature lever of a polarized relay or electro magnet. The relation of the two pairs of stops to the contact arm is such that when moving in either direction the outer end of the arm first strikes the electrical contact or stop, whereupon a local circuit is completed. The completion of this local circuit effects the energization of a small magnet also carried upon the armature lever of the polarized magnet, so that the initial feeble or light contact between the arm and its stop is reinforced or perfected by the attraction of the small magnet acting upon a minute armature carried by the contact arm. While this is occurring the local circuit of the polarized magnet is closed in such a manner or direction that its armature lever is moved in the same direction as the contact arm carried by the unbiased swinging coil. The contact arm is therefore carried along with the armature lever of the polarized magnet until the arm cornes against its non-metallic limiting stop. Then the continued movement of the armature lever separates the contact stop thereon from the arm. On the completion of the movement of the armature lever of the polarized magnet in one direction the local circuit of a sounder, recorder or register is closed, thus rendering manifest the signal represented by the received impulse that has caused the movement of the'swinging coil. The contact arm now bears against its limiting stop of insulating material and is separated from the electrical stop carried by the armature lever, so that any trembling, chattering or vibration of the arm from any cause whatever does not affect the sounder or other receiving apparatus. In otherwords the first movement of the contact arm results in the production of the intended signal in a complete and perfect manner, and any subsequent vibration or chattering of the arm against its limiting stop cannot mutilate the signal. A similar perfection of reception of the signal may be obtained if the small magnets that attract the contact arm in the manner described are omitted. ln that event when the arm comes against the contact stop carried by the armature lever of the polarized magnet a local circuit is completed that et'ects the movement of the armature lever in the same direction in which the contact arm is moving. The arm and contact stop therefore move together until the arm comes against its insulated limiting stop; then the continued movement of the armature lever forcibly carries the Contact stop away from the arrested arm overcoming any sticking or welding at the contacts and the local circuit is opened, the operation being precisely as already described. Under some conditions I prefer to omit the small magnets acting upon the contact arm, and to operate in the manner last mentioned. The magnet included iu the local circuit closed by the contact arm is `preferably wound with a relatively high resistance, so that it will readily respond to the delicate contacts completed by the slight pressure of the arm upon its contacts.

The accompanying drawing isa diagram illustrating the invention.

Aisa permanent magnet,between the poles of which is located the unbiased swinging coil (shown pivoted) through which the mainline Lis connected; The coil carries a contact arm C that plays between two limiting stops c, c, preferably of insulating material. The end of the arm extending beyond the stops plays between two insulated metallic stops carried by the armature lever D of a polarized magnetE.4

F is apolarized relay, one terminal of the coils of which is connected with the arm C. The other terminal is connected with the middle of a split battery Z, b, whose poles are respectively connected with the stops c', c. The armature lever of the relay F controls thev local circuit of the polarized magnet E, and the armature lever D of this latter mags net controls the local circuit of an ordinary repeater, sounder, register or recorder S. If it is desired that the message shall be re` ceived by sound and also be recorded, S may be a combined recorder and sounder, as is well understood.

G Gare two small solenoids, that may have iron coresto increase the eifect, carried by the armature lever D, and respectively included in the local circuit between the poles of the battery Z b and the contacts c. These magnets or solenoids when energized attract a minute armature G carried by the contact arm C.

Ignoring for the present the magnets G and their armature G the operation is as follows: Assuming that a positive impulse passes in the coil B, the contact arm C would be moved say to the right. It rst comes iu contact with the right hand metallic contact c car ried bythe armature lever D. On a difficult circuit this movement of the arm C may be very delicate and have but little power, but nevertheless the contact with e lwill be sulficient to charge the magnet F which is also delicately adjusted, and effect the movement of its armature from one stop to the other. Thereupon the local circuit of E is firmly closed, and the armature lever D also moves to the right. The contactarm C will naturally follow this movement because of the tailing or duration of the current impulse in the coil B, but when the arm strikes its limiting stop c, the metallic contact c leaves the arrested arm, and on the completion of the movement of the armature lever D, the signal will be produced upon the instrument S, and the arm C isleft entirely free to be moved in the opposite direction. lVith the part-s in the condition which they have now assumed the trembling of the arm C upon its limiting stop c cannot in any way mutilate or affect the perfect manifestation of the signal by the instrument S. The next transmitted impulse being one of opposite polarity, the coil B will swing in the opposite direction and carry itsarm C against the left hand metallic Contact c', which marks the termination of` the signal, the operation being obvious and as already described. The feeble trembling and comparatively uncertain movements of the arm C are thus translated into distinct and vigorous actions that effect locally the mani- `festatiou of the signal. Where themagnets G are employed, their initial effect is of course to reinforce the contact between C and c', for no matter how slight or imperfect the contact between arm C and contact c may be at first, it is instantly improved by the attraction of G, and then on the movement ot' the armature lever D, the magnet G that is then energized draws the contact arm C alongwith it until the arm is arrested by its limiting stop o. The magnet A might of course be an electro magnet, whosecircuit would be permanently closed while the apparatus was in use.

This receivingapparatus may be used with advantage in connection with a system of transmission such as is shown in my application, Serial No. 400,740, iiled` July 25, 1891- that is to say, with a transmitting `system in which the message impulses areof uniform duration, and alternating olarit i and the line is grounded, or connected with the re turn wire, it' a metallic circuit is being worked, during the periods between the impulses.

As usual the coil B may have a stationary iron core-X. The arm C may be counter-balanced by a rearwardly projecting weight Y shown in dotted linesas located belowthe.

upper arm of the bracket in which the coil is pivoted.

The rocking arm of thelocal polarized instrument carrying the. localcontacts aifords in effect a movable zero for the contact arm of the main receiving coil, for when the rocking arm reaches its limit after moving inthe same direction as the contact arm of the main coil, the contact point on the opposite side has been carried along at the same timeand left close to the contact arm, so that the slightest movement in the return directionunder the influence ot' the main current brings it into contact with the other local contact post IIO which resultsin a return or reverse movement of the rocking lever.

The receiving instrument at one point may be made the transmitter for another circuit making it possible to operate any distance desired, or to join up long or short cables into a practically continuous circuit. At present the transfer of messages from one long cable to another or to a short cable must necessarily be effected by manual retransmission which causes delay and errors.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a telegraphic receiver, the combination of the movable contact maker of the receiver and two contacts or stops on each side thereof, one a temporary movable contact, and the other a fixed limiting stop with means for moving the temporary contacts away from said contact maker .substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a telegraphic receiver, the combination of the unbiased movable part of the receiver, its contact maker, and two contacts or stops on each side thereof,onea movable contact, and the other a fixed limiting stop, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the swinging coil, the magnet in whose field it islocated, an arm carried or actuated by the coil, its fixed limiting stops, its contact stops carried by an armature lever and a local circuit controlled at said contact stops and by means of which the movement of said armature lever is effected, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a telegraphic receiver, the combination of a magnet, a swinging unbiasedcoil located in the field thereof, an arm carried or actuated by the coil, two stops on each side of the arm, one a limiting stop and onea movable contact stop, a local circuit controlled by said contact stops, a polarized relay in said local circuit, a second local circuit controlled by said relay, a second polarized relay ink said second local circuit and its armature lever carrying said movable contact stops, and a third local circuit containing a sounder or recording receiver controlled by said armature lever. y

5. In a telegraphic receiver the combination of the movable part of the receiver, a limiting stop against which it works, a temporary movable contact with which it also comes in contact, and local means controlled by the movable part of the receiver foreffecting the separation of said movable part of the receiver and said movable contact while the former is held or arrested'by the fixed stop, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the movable contact maker of the receiver, a contact stop against which the contact maker first comes in its movement, a local circuit completed at saidl contact, a movable part actuated through the completion of the local circuit to move in the same direction with the contact maker and with which the contact stop moves, and an arresting or limiting stop, whereby when the contact maker comes against its arresting stop the contact stop is forcibly carried out of contactwith and away from the contactmaker.

7. In a telegraph receiver the combination with the` movable contact maker of the receiver and a movable contact stop on each side of the movable contact maker, against which the movable contact maker comes in contact, of means for moving the contact stop away from the contact maker, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

S. In a telegraphic receiver, the combination with the movable part of the receiver and the .contact of the local circuit against which it works, of local electro magnetic means whose circuit is controlled by the movable part of the receiver for forcibly moving the local circuit contact away from the movable part of the receiver when its required movement has been completed, substantially as set forth.

9. In a telegraphic receiver the combination of the unbiased movable part of the receiver to be actuated in either direction by main line currents, a local circuit controlled therebyV and means whereby said circuit is closed and then broken during a single movement of said part in either direction, substantially as set forth.

l0. In a telegraphic receiver the combination of the movable part of the receiver to be actuated in either direction by a mainline current, a local circuit controlled thereby, means whereby said circuit is closed and then broken during a single movement of said part in either direction, anda magnet or receiving instrument through which the local circuit is completed at each movement of the receiver in either direction, substantially as set forth. Y

1l. In a telegraphic receiver, the combination of the part of the receiver actuated in opposite directions by main line currents, a local circuit controlled thereby, means whereby said local circuitis closed and then broken during the movement of said part in either direction, and a polarized relay in the local circuit, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination of the movable part of the receiver actuated in either direction by main line impulses a local circuit controlled IOO IIO

thereby, contacts by which the local circuit f part of the receiver for opening the local circuit after it has been thus closed, substan-` tially as set forth.

14. In a telegraphic receiver, the combina*- tion of the movable part of the receiver actuated bymain line current, the contact part against which it bears when moved by the main line current to completealocal circuit, andlocalmeans controlled by the movable part ofthe receiver and co-acting therewith upon `each actuation thereof for increasing the contact pressure between said parts, substantially as set forth.

15. In a telegraphicreceiver the combination of the movable'part of the receiver actuated by main line currents, the contact against which it bears,-when movedbythe main line current, to complete a local circuit, means controlled by the movable part of the receiver and co-actingtherewith on each actuation for increasing the contact pressure between said parts, and local means controlled by the movable part of the receiver for openingthe local circuit after it has thus been closed, substantially as set forth.

16. In a telegraphic receiver, the combination of the movable part of the receiver adapted tobe actuated in either direction by currents of opposite direction or polarity, a contact against which it bears when moved in either direction, a local circuit completed at said contact, means controlled by the movable part rof the receiver for increasing the contact pressure between said parts, and lo cal means controlled by the movable part of the receiver for opening theflocal circuit after it has thus been completed.

17. In a telegraphic receiver the combination of thermovable part of the receiver, the contact against which it bears, when moved, to complete a local circuit, means controlled by thernovable part `of the receiver and coacting therewith on each actuation for increasing` the contact pressure between said parts, and means for throwing the contact pressure increasing means out of action before the commencement of the return or backward movementof the movable part of the receiver, substantially as set forth.

18. In a telegraphic receiver, the combinationof the movable part of the receiver, a contact against whichit bears to complete a local circuit, a coil whose circuit is controlled by the movable part of the receiver,in which coil current passes upon each completion of the local circuit, and that co-acts with the movable part of the receiver on each actuation thereof acts to increase the contact pressure between said parts, and means for withdrawing the current from said coil before the commencement of the return or backward movement of the movable part of said receiver, substantially as set forth.

19. In a telegraphic receiver, the combination ofthe movable part thereof actuated by main line currents, an armature carried there by, a contact against which said part bears when moved by a main line current to .complete a local circuit, asounderor other dual receiver in said `local circuit, an electro-mag-` netic coil whose circuit is controlled by the,

movable part ofthe receiver and in which current passes on the completion of said local circuit, the coil actingto attract the armature and increase the pressure of said movable part against the contact, and means for withdrawing the current from the coil beforethc cuit at one of said contact stops said stop is moved coincidently with the contact maker' andcontinues in contact therewith until separated by the arresting of the contact maker, and electro magnetic devices :for reinforcing the contact between the contact maker and itscontact stop, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2l. In a telegraphic receiver, the `combination of the part of the receiver moved by main line currents, and local electric devices controlled by the movable part of thereoeiver that assist the main line currents in moving saidV part, whereby the amount ofwork required tobe done by the main line currents is reduced, substantially as set forth.

In a telegraphic receiver, the combination of the movable partofthe receiver actuated in reverse directions by reverse or alternatingvcurrents received over the main line, and local electric coils whose circuit is controlled by the movable part of the receiver that assist the main line currents in actuating said movable part of the receiver, whereby the amount of work required to be done by the main line currents is reduced, substantially as set forth.

23. The combination of thc movable part of the receiver actuated `in either direction by main line impulses a local circuit controlled thereby, contacts by which the local circuit is completed upon the movement of said part in either direction, local means controlled by the movable part of the receiver for increasing the contact pressure between said part and the local circuit contacts, and local means controlled by said movable part for opening the local circuit independently of thecessationof the mainline currents.

24:. The combination of a receiver having a, movable part adapted to be moved in oppo-` site d1rection by received currents of unlike;

polarity or direction, two local coils acting oppositelynpon said part and tendingv to move IOC In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

PATRICK B. DELANY.

Witnesses FRANK S. OBER, M. J KELLEY.