US821051A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAY 22, 1906.

J. L. MOORE. STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED new. 18, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 1.

illlllllv I f I gig I nvewl oz witmmoco 5M2? attain;

No. 821,051. I PATENTBD MAY 22, 1906.

J. L. MOORE. STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCTJB. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

snnwtoz Willi/1111110 9,

n Q/Vitneoaeo ////I a' rv-" r n ii n it. is i stilt) PATENT @Fllilltildl.

JAMES L. li'iOO-RE, OF VVELLSVILLE, NEW YORK, ASSlG-NOR TO KERR 'iURBiKE COMPANY, OF W QLLSVlLLE, NEW YURK, A CQRPQRATIUN O 7 SEW YORK.

STEAM TUFI WNEH Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented may 22, 1906.

Application filed Gutolicr 18, 1905. Serial No. 283,216.

1'0 all w/mm 2. may concern..-

Be it known that I Janus ll. MOORE, a citizen of the United States, residing atli ellsville. in the county of Allegany and State of hen York. have invented certain new and useful llllPl'OVt-llltlll'S in Steam lurbincs of which the following is :1 sp. cifiea'tion.

My invention relates to nozzl particularly adapted for compound steam-turbines, known more especially as the -"inultieellular type and shown. for example, in the Patents No. 156,241. to (harles Y. Kerr, dated April 5. i904, and No. 793,105, dated August .29. l HUT).

The objects of my invention are, first. to construct a nozzle which consists of a series of nozzle-openings arranged on a ring which is made separate and independent. from the castings forming the turbine; second, to construct a nozzle-ring. as above indicated, whereby the i'iozzle-openings may be quickl and cheaply formed in the edge of the ring by a niilling-rutter and at the same time made of a more durable material than cast-iron, such as" bronze or other composition, thereby insuring greater strength and less corrosion; third, to construct a nozzle-rii'ig in which the noZZle-openings may be placed closer toget'her, so that in case of a partial admission the motive lluid is admitted in a body and uniformly about the rotating element of the turbine; fourth, to construct. a nozzle of a greater power by cutting more nozzle-openings in a given diameter of nox'l'zle-ring oi" a turbine: fifth. to construct a series of removnble no7.: .le-iiiigs of the same diameter and having different. number of nozzle-openings, whereby the capacity of a turbine may be 'i'eiulily and widely changed by removing one set of nozzle-rings and inserting others havin; more or less nozzle-openings; sixth to so construct and arrange the nozzle-openings with respect to the buckets that there is nearly a conipletet reversal in the direction of the motive 'iluid within the buckets while llowing in a gei'ieral direction parallel to the axis; seventh, to so proportion and design the single buckets which are attached to the peri 'iherv ol' the buel et1-wheels so that the. motive fluid which passes out the nozzle.- openii'igs of the noxzle-rings above referred to will enter into the buckets at one side, ilow across the bucket in a highly-ellicient manner with an'iininnun of friction, and

removed from the turbine.

clcvatlon of one of the buckets removed froni from the same on the other side; eighth, other evident advantages and features of the specific construction and arrangement of the parts, which will hereinafter appear from the detailed description of the nozzle-ring and manner of construction and applying the same.

My invention consists of structural fear tures and relative arrangements of elements, which will be hereinafter more fully and clearly described, and pointed out in the ap pended claims.

Referring to the two sheets of drawings, in which similar reference characters indicate the same parts in the several figures, Figure 1 a central longitudinal section of two expansion-chanibcrs, showing two of the nozzlerings and buckets in operative position. Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the nozzlc-opci'iing on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse central section of the nozzle-ring Fig. 4 is a front the laicket-whccl. Fi 5 is a sectional View of a bucket, taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a s ction of a bucket on line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Fig'. 7 is a section of a bucket on line 7 7 of Fig. 5. and Fig. 8 is a fragmentary section showing an end vicwof the combined bushing and bear ng.

in the drawings the same reference characters indicate the same-parts throughout the several figures.

Referring to the drawings, 1 1 represent the bucket wheels or disks of the rotor elcment of the turbine, and 2 2 are'thc buckets on the. periphery of the wheels.

3 is a rotary shaft passing centrally through the turbine-casing, 'to which the wheels l i are suitably secured.

4 4 are the separable sections of the turbine-easing, which are fitted to each other and the ends of the cylinder by tongue-andgroove. joints and held together by longitudinal bolts. (Not shown.) The outside portion of the casing may be provided with the usual lagging, as shown in the former patents hereinbeforc referred to.

5 indicates one of the partitions separating one wheel or expansion-chamber from the other and is preferably made integral and connected at one end. of its corresponding casing-scction 4 by means of any number of wcbs fi 5, placed diametrically opposite to each other. The spaces between these webs form extended arcu'ate-shaped passages 4 a for conveying the motive fluid from one seenegligible amount.

tion to the next succeeding section or stage of expansion.

6 i one of the combined bushings and bearings about the shaft 3, which is seated in the central shaftopening 7 of the artition or division-wall 5. he bushing or hearing 6 is provided on its inner cylindrical wall or face with a series of rectangular annular grooves smaller side of the grooves 6 so that only the shaft will rotate, and the combined bushing and bearing 6 will be held to its seat by the diflerence of ressure between the expansionchambers. y this construction and arrangement it has been found that the shaft will rotate practically without touching the bushing and will be separated from it and packed by a fillinglof the-motive fluid.-

8 is a narrow co ar'made integral with one end of the bushing 6 and is provided with an annular flange 9, which is seated in'a correjpath described by the uckets are such that sponding recess 10, the bottom of which recess ma be provided with the usual fibrous- Inateria for packing. a

11 is a circular ri ge forming the inner wall vof the recess 10 or the outer edge of the .cen-

tral opening 7 of the" artition or division-' wall 5. The outer en of this circular ridge 11 is V-shaped in cross-section, so as to pre sent a blunt knife-edge to the bottom face of the circular channel within the inner side of.

the collar 8, thereby assisting to make'a fluidti ht joint between the bushing 6 and divi- .shat3.

sion-wall 5 when pressed against said wall by the preponderating fluid-pressure, as above indicated. a

' The bushing 6 is made slightly smaller in its outer diameter than thecentral o ening 7 in the partition 5, so as to provide a c earance in order not to disturb the proper alinement of the axis 3 in its bearings should the cen' ters of the opening'7 in the partitions 5 not exactl correspond with that of the axis of the 12 is a cored casting which forms the steam end of the cylinder and is provided with a motive-fluid chest 13, provided with any pipe connection 14 leading to a source of motive-fluid pressure, and the arc-shaped openings or ports 13, leading to the first series of nozzle-openings,.to be hereinafter described.

15 is any suitable bushing surrounding the shaft at the section where ltpasses through the end casting 1'2.

16 16 are the nozzle-rings, which are preferably made of bronze or otherhard metallic thereby efii sages, as buckets, a From the foregoing description of my 1nnumber of nozzle-passages, sired to vary the that is necessary changing the composition of annular form and U-shaped in cross-section.- The inner side or portion of the U-shaped section'is provided (see Fig. 2) by cutting with a milling-cutter or other suitable tool with a series of rectangular-shaped assages 17 which form the nozzle-openings for the passage of the motive fluid from one expansion-chamber to the-next'.' The said nozzle-rings are attached by" means-of bolts 18 18 or other suitable means engaging the webs 5 5, so that the circular recess or depression 19, formed in the annulus of the U,-. I

shaped cross-section, is made to register with the arc shaped passages 4 in the partitionwall 5 orports 13', leading from the chest 13.

From the foregoing arrangement and construction it will be seen that I have formed a compact and cheap construction for provid ing a uniform and proper distribution of the .motive fluid to a rotary bucket-wheel, as

used in this type of turbines.

- The single-cupbuckets 2, as shown in detail in Figs.,2 to 7, are provided witha shank 20, which has at its lower end an enlargement 21 of cylindrical form adapted to fit in a corresponding recess 22 in the periphery of the wheel 1. The curvature of the walls forming the inside. of the bucket, as indicatedinFigs.

. 5 and 6, and the inclination of the nozzle-passages in the nozzle-rim s with respect to the the motive fluid is reversed in direction,

with the minimum of friction between the motive fluid and the walls of the buckets.

As is customary with turbines employing double-cup buckets on the wheel, themotive fluid issues from both the sides of each of the buckets, while in the single-cup bucket and arrangement herein described the. motive fluid is at all times on the opposite slde of the bucket from which it enters, thereby avoiding the exhaust from the buckets passing across the face of the bucket wheel or disk in order to get to the next series of nozzle-pasin the case of the double-cup vention it will be seen thatthe nozzle-rings can beeasily-m'anufactured of the same size ciently imparting its velocity and {energy to the rotor element of the turbine Referring to Fig. 1, the motive fluid passes from the steam-chest 13, through the ports 13 and recess 19, to the passage-ways 17 in the nozzle-ring, striking the buckets 2 on the wheel in such a direction that the velocity of the motive fluid is imparted to the wheel, thereby rotating the shaft 3. The motive fluid in striking the buckets is turned back on itself in a direction almost opposite from that of the original or striking direction, whence it passes into a second chamber, which acts as a motive-fluid chest for the succeeding stage of expansion. The motive fluid again passes through areuate-shaped ports 4, recess 19 to and through a series of similarlyarranged nozzle-passages 17 '17, against another set of buckets, and so on until the last stage of expansion to the final exhaust, as illustrated and described in the patents referred to above and need not herein be further described for a clear understanding of the operation and use of the present invention.

From the foregoing description of the structural features, mode of assembling the different parts, and manner of operation it will be readily seen that I have devised a turbine in which all the objects recited in the statement of invention-arc carried out, the parts of the turbine are easily and cheaplymanufactured, its capacity readily changed, and the smooth and efficient running of a turbine is easily effected.

Various changes may be made in the spe ci'fic construction of the nozzle-ring and its mode of being supported and se ured in the turbine, and while I have shown my preferred form I do not care to limit myself to these specific arrangements, as they could be modified in many ways without departing from the spirit of my invention and accomplish the same results.

Having now fully described my invention, what 1 claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is as follows:

it A mul-ticcllular compound turbine comprising a cylinder composed of separable and independent sections for the several stages of expansion of the motive fluid, a vertical parrition or wall within each section and secured thereto by separated webs thereby forming areuate-sl1aped ports or passageways between the inner side of each of the sections and the periphery of the partitions, removable and indepemlent nozzle-rings, an annular recess or groove in one of the flat faces and near the periphery of each of the nozxle-rii'igs, said roeess correspol'iding or registering with the ar euate-sluiped ports in one of the vertical part itions, nozzle-passages in the rings and connecting the annular recesses with the centers of the nozzle-rings, means for securing or holding th nozzle-rings against the vertical partition, a rotary shaft passing centrally through each of said sections and partitions, a wheel or disk within each chamber formed by the separable sections and fixed to the shaft, and a row of single-cup buckets on the periphery of each wheel or disk.

2. A-muiticellular compound turbine comprising a cylinder composed of separable and independent sections for the several stages of expansion of themotive fluid, a vertical partition or wall within each section and secured thereto by separated webs thereby l oi'ming arcuate-shap ed ports or passage-ways between the inner side of each of the sections and the periphery of the partitions, removable and independent nozzle-rings, an annular recess or groove in one of the flat faces and near the periphery of each of the nozzlerings, said recess corresponding or registering with the arcuate-shaped ports in one of the vertical partitions, nozzle-passages in the rings and connecting the annular recesses with the centers of the nozzle-rings, means for securing or holding the nozzle-rings against the vertical partition, a rotary shaft passing centrally through each of said sections and partitions, a wheel or disk within each chamber formed by the separable sections and fixed to the shaft, and a row of. single-cup buckets on the periphery of each wheel or disk, the inner walls of the cups and their re lation to the nozzle-passages being such that the motive fluid passes into the cups on one side of the bucket-wheel and across their in terior and issues from the other side of the bucket-wheels.

3. In a multicellular compound turbine, a 100 nozzle-ring of U-section with a series of passages cut in the radiall inner edge of said section and means for olding said nozzlering in position in said turbine.

4. A multicellular compound turbine com- IO 5 posed of a series of separable and independent sections, a rotary shaft assing through each of said sections, a wheel or disk fixed to said shaft within each chamberformed by adjacent sections, a series of buckets fixed to 1 10 the rim of each disk, and a removable nozzle- .ring of U-section held to successive sections of said turbine in position to deliver the motive fluid tangentially to said series of buckets.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature 1 I 5 in presence of two witnesses.

, JAMES L, MOORE. Witnesses (J. V. Knuu, (.LAUDE it. Soo'rr

Images