US8207962B2 - Stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering and processing method thereof - Google Patents

Stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering and processing method thereof Download PDF

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US8207962B2
US8207962B2 US11/820,110 US82011007A US8207962B2 US 8207962 B2 US8207962 B2 US 8207962B2 US 82011007 A US82011007 A US 82011007A US 8207962 B2 US8207962 B2 US 8207962B2
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image
rendering
computer
images
depth
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US20080309666A1 (en
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Wan-Yu Chen
Chih-Hui Kuo
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MediaTek Inc
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MediaTek Inc
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Priority to TW096140225A priority patent/TWI364000B/zh
Priority to CN2007101699314A priority patent/CN101329759B/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
    • G06T15/10—Geometric effects
    • G06T15/20—Perspective computation
    • G06T15/205—Image-based rendering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
    • G06T15/10—Geometric effects
    • G06T15/20—Perspective computation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/20—Image signal generators
    • H04N13/275—Image signal generators from 3D object models, e.g. computer-generated stereoscopic image signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals

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  • the invention relates to stereo image rendering, and more particularly to a stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering and a processing method thereof.
  • three-dimensional (3D) graphics rendering may be performed with or without hardware 3D accelerators.
  • 3D graphics rendering In a stereo graphics application, however, a scene must be drawn twice, once for the left-eye view, and once for the right-eye view.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the concept of stereo graphics and 3D vision.
  • the bottom-left and bottom-right circles represent the position of a human's left eye and right eye respectively.
  • E represents the eye separation distance between the two eyes.
  • P represents the distance between projected views of the left and right eyes on the screen plane (Screen_Plane), indicating disparity in stereo video interpreted as the view depth in the human brain.
  • Z i represents a view distance from the eyes to the screen plane.
  • the top point illustrates an image point displayed on the screen plane.
  • Z m represents a view depth, from the screen plane to the image point, bringing human 3D scene.
  • 3D stereo graphics operations include 3D graphics rendering stereovision.
  • a stereo graphics accelerator design comprises rendering of general 3D graphics and the stereo image display. Real-time 3D rendering can be achieved using graphics accelerators with 3D graphics chips such as 3Dlabs' GLINT lines.
  • the key component in the design of a high-resolution stereo accelerator is the embedding of stereoscopic display functions in a graphics accelerator.
  • stereoscopic graphics can only be viewed if both the left and right images, a stereo pair, are displayed simultaneously.
  • the frame buffer must be divided into four buffers which include a front left buffer, back left buffer, front right buffer, and back right buffer.
  • Each individual double-buffered memory stores the information of either left-eye image or right-eye image.
  • This frame buffer architecture organization is referred to as quad buffering.
  • the left eye can only view left image output from the left buffer and the right eye can only view right image output from the right buffer.
  • Each eye view should be refreshed often enough to avoid flickering.
  • Time multiplexed stereo devices such as liquid crystal stereo glasses are typically used for viewing stereo image pairs.
  • Graphics application 17 determines a viewpoint and graphical data
  • graphics pipeline 23 renders an image based on the viewpoint and the graphical data
  • frame buffer 26 stores the rendered image
  • display device 29 displays the rendered image.
  • the stereo mode is on, two camera viewpoint are rendered, which reduces the frame rate by at least half.
  • the frame rate degradation may cause game unplayable or unacceptable display quality.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,985,162 discloses systems and methods for rendering active stereo graphical data as passive stereo.
  • Master pipeline 55 receives graphical data and renders two-dimensional (2D) graphical data to frame buffer 65 and routes three-dimensional (3D) graphical data to slave pipelines 56 - 59 , which render the 3D graphical data to frame buffers 66 - 69 , respectively.
  • the compositor 76 combine each of the data streams from frame buffers 65 - 69 into a single data stream that is provided to display device 83 . Since there are more than one graphics pipeline unit employed for rendering left and right images, the frame rate is the same as the 2D display mode, however, hardware cost and bandwidth for exchanging graphics data are increased.
  • An exemplary embodiment of a method for processing stereo graphics comprises the following.
  • a first image comprising the left eye image is rendered from graphics data, and a depth image relating to the first image is derived using a master pipeline.
  • the first image is transmitted to a first frame buffer and a rendering unit while the depth image is transmitted to the rendering unit.
  • the second image comprising the right eye image is rendered based on the first image and the depth image using the rendering unit.
  • the second image is buffered in a second frame buffer.
  • the first and second images are accessed by a compositor from the frame buffers and combine to generate a resulting image.
  • a stereo graphics system comprises a master pipeline, a slave pipeline, a rendering unit, a first frame buffer, a second frame buffer, a second frame buffer, a third frame buffer, and a compositor.
  • the master pipeline renders a first image and a depth image from graphics data.
  • the slave pipeline renders a third image based on an object located farther away from the viewpoint of a user than a depth-based object of the first image.
  • the rendering unit accesses the first image and the depth image from the master pipeline to render a second image.
  • the compositor accesses the first, second, and third images from the frame buffers and combines the images to generate a resulting image.
  • a stereo graphics system comprises a master pipeline, a first rendering unit, a second rendering unit, a first frame buffer, a second frame buffer, a third frame buffer, and a compositor.
  • the master pipeline renders a first image and derives a depth image relating to the first image.
  • the first rendering unit accesses the first image and the depth image from the master pipeline to render a second image.
  • the second rendering unit renders a third image based on an object located near a depth-based object of the first image.
  • the compositor accesses the first, second, and third images from the frame buffers and combines the images to generate a resulting image.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a stereo image and depth of a 3D scene
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional graphical display system
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating another graphical display system
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering using at least two pipelines.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of a stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering using at least two rendering units.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an embodiment of processing method for a stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates relative positions for the left and right views generated by human optic nerves.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment of a depth-based image rendering, rendering the right view image according to the left view image based on the optic nerve rendering.
  • FIGS. 4 through 7 Several exemplary embodiments of the invention are described with reference to FIGS. 4 through 7 . It is to be understood that the following disclosure provides various embodiments as examples for implementing different features of the invention. Specific examples of components and arrangements are described in the following to simplify the present disclosure. These are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to be limited. In addition, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various described embodiments and/or configurations.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates relative positions for the left and right views generated by human optic nerves.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment of a depth-based image rendering, rendering the right view image according to the left view image based on the optic nerve rendering.
  • the left view and right view are relative and depth is the key relationship.
  • the “L” image represents the left view and is first rendered and the depth image relating to the left view is calculated.
  • the right view can be rendered based on the left view and the depth image.
  • Such rendering is similar to disparity vector (DV) compensation.
  • DV disparity vector
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering.
  • Stereo graphics system 400 comprises a graphics application 410 , a master pipeline 420 , a rendering unit 430 , a first frame buffer 440 , a second frame buffer 450 , and a compositor 460 .
  • Graphics application 410 provides graphics data to master pipeline 420
  • master pipeline 420 renders the left image and derives a depth image relating to the left image.
  • the left image is temporarily stored in first frame buffer 440 .
  • master pipeline 420 transmits the left image and the depth image to rendering unit 430 .
  • Rendering unit 430 renders the right image based on the left image and the depth image and buffers the right image in second frame buffer 450 .
  • Compositor 460 retrieves the left and right images from first and second frame buffers 440 and 450 , combining both images to generate a resulting image to be displayed on a display device.
  • the right image can be derived from the left image based on the depth information. As shown in FIG. 8 , however, there are occluded areas due to different views of the left and right eyes. If an accurate resulting image is desired, rendering unit 430 draws a bounding box of occluded area and transmits the bounding box to master pipeline 420 . Master pipeline 420 then renders the occluded area of the right images based on the bounding box. The occluded area of the right image can also be rendered by interpolation or extrapolation to improve the resulting image quality.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering using at least two pipelines.
  • Stereo graphics system 500 comprises a graphics application 510 , a master pipeline 520 , a slave pipeline 525 , a rendering unit 530 , a first frame buffer 540 , a second frame buffer 550 , a third frame buffer 545 , and a compositor 560 .
  • Master pipeline 520 retrieves graphics data from graphics application 510 , and it renders the left image and calculates a depth image relating to the left image. The left image is then buffered in first frame buffer 540 . If an object in the left image also requires rendering but is located farther from a viewer than a depth-based object of the left image, slave pipeline 525 renders the object and transmits the object image to third frame buffer 545 .
  • master pipeline 520 transmits the left image and the depth image to rendering unit 530 .
  • Rendering unit 530 renders the right image based on the left image and the depth image and transmits the right image to second frame buffer 550 .
  • Compositor 560 retrieves the left and right images from first and second frame buffers 540 and 550 and the object image from third frame buffer 545 and merges the images to generate a resulting image to be displayed on a display device.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of a stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering using at least two rendering units.
  • Stereo graphics system 600 comprises a graphics application 610 , a master pipeline 620 , rendering units 630 and 635 , a first frame buffer 640 , a second frame buffer 650 , a third frame buffer 655 , and a compositor 660 .
  • Master pipeline 620 obtains graphics data from graphics application 610 , renders the left image from the graphics data, and derives a depth image relating to the left image and transmits the left image to first frame buffer 640 . If an object in the left image also requires rendering and is located near a depth-based object of the left image, rendering units 635 renders the object and transmits the object image to third frame buffer 655 .
  • master pipeline 620 transmits the left image and the depth image to rendering unit 630 to render the right image, and the right image is temporarily stored in second frame buffer 650 .
  • Compositor 660 retrieves the left and right images from first and second frame buffers 640 and 650 and the object image from third frame buffer 655 and merges the images to generate a resulting image to be displayed on a display device.
  • the stereo graphics system generates a resulting image based on more than two views, for examples, three views including left, right, and centre views.
  • the image of the centre view may be obtained by an additional pipeline, similar to the structure as shown in FIG. 5 , or an additional rendering unit, similar to the structure as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a stereo graphics processing method.
  • a first image relating to the left eye is rendered and a depth image relating to the first image is derived (step S 71 ).
  • the first image is transmitted to a first frame buffer and a rendering unit while the depth image is transmitted to the rendering unit (step S 72 ).
  • the second image relating to the right eye is calculated based on the first image and the depth image (step S 73 ).
  • the second image is transmitted to a second frame buffer (step S 74 ).
  • the first and second images are accessed from the first and second frame buffers and combined to generate a resulting image (step S 75 ), and the resulting image can be displayed on a display device.
  • An embodiment of a stereo graphics system based on depth-based image rendering and the processing method therefore can be applied to graphics cards or any product supporting stereo graphics.
  • Embodiments of the proposed stereo graphics system and method accelerate image synthesis of another viewpoint by utilizing depth information.
  • the frame rate for complex scenes can maintain at a rate almost the same when stereo mode is activated while only employing one graphics pipeline unit.
  • Methods and systems of the present disclosure may take the form of program code (i.e., instructions) embodied in media, such as CD-ROMS, hard drives, firmware, or any other machine-readable storage medium, wherein, when the program code is loaded into and executed by a machine, such as a computer, the machine becomes an apparatus for practicing embodiments of the disclosure.
  • the methods and apparatus of the present disclosure may also be embodied in the form of program code transmitted over some transmission medium, such as electrical wiring or cabling, through fiber optics, or via any other form of transmission, wherein, when the program code is received and loaded into and executed by a machine, such as a computer, the machine becomes an apparatus for practicing and embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the program code When implemented on a general-purpose processor, the program code combines with the processor to provide a unique apparatus that operates analogously to specific logic circuits.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
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US10349040B2 (en) 2015-09-21 2019-07-09 Inuitive Ltd. Storing data retrieved from different sensors for generating a 3-D image
CN105979243A (zh) * 2015-12-01 2016-09-28 乐视致新电子科技（天津）有限公司 一种显示立体图像的处理方法和装置
CN107292807B (zh) * 2016-03-31 2020-12-04 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 一种图形合成方法、窗口设置方法及系统
CN107507283B (zh) * 2017-08-21 2019-06-25 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 立体图形的展开呈现方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质
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