US820055A - Excavator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 820,055. PATENTED MAY 8, 1906.

J. H. W. LIEBE.

BXGAVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEA, 1905.

l 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

QQ -N WITNESSES.- M' 'mi l; INVENTOR. ga f Z wa l 61%@ No. 020,055. PATENTED MAY s, 1006.

0. H. W.LIBBB.

- EXCAVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEO. 4, 1905. v

'3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES: l we I f M JNVENTOR.'

PATBNTED MAY a, 1006. h

Y WITNESSES:

mm WM Unir" no. ssaoeje.

Speeicatien of Lettere Patent.

l .Eatented may 8, 1906.

applim'itm inta Deoember4,1905. Sei-iai No. 290,032,

ToaZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that i, JOHN H. W. Linen, a

citizen of the United States, and a resident of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Chio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements Excavators and i do hereby declare the followin to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to figures and letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. v

Myinvention relates to excavating apparatus of the class especially employed for digging, deepening, cleaning, or widening open itches and ship-canals.

An object ofmy invention is the provision of a machine ofthe class described which has its frame so constructed as to enable it to span theditch or canal to beworked and be mounted for locomotion on the banks thereof, thus enabling the machine to easily pass over bridges and other obstructions disposed over or in the channel of the ditch or canal without necessitating the removal of such obstruction or the carrying of the machine around the same, as is the case with the crane type of excavators, which, due to their construction, travel in the channel of the ditch or canal.

A further object of my invention is the provision in an excavator for open ditches or ship-canals of two independently-operated clippers movable to alternately secure their respective loads from the bed or sides of the ditch or canal and to have their discharge on opposite sides thereof, whereby to double the capacity of machines of the kind employing a sin le dipper.

urther advantages of my machine will be apparent by reference to the following specification and to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of substantially one-half of the apparatus comprising my invention withportions thereof brokenaway and the dipper operative from such portion in the act of oading. Fi 2 is a top plan view thereof with the mac lnery removed and showing the dipperncarriage andthe driving or controllin cables therefor. Fi 3 is a plan of the pfatform at either end o the apparatus, showing the operating mechanism with portions of the frame brokenaway and the engine for communicating movement to i the dipper-carriage-controlling cable removed. l 4 is a top plan view of a dipperc arria e'. ig.` 5 is a vertical section of a portion o the dipper-carriage, taken on the dotted line in Fig. 4. Flg. 6 is aside elevation of the apparatus with the operating mechanism removed 'and showing one dipper in the act of loading and the other returning after having discharged its load. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic plan'view thereof, illustrating the course of each carriage-controlling cable respect to its carriage; and Fig. 8 is a similar view illustrating the course of the dipper elevating or hoisting cables.

Referring to thev drawings, A A represent two platforms or stages, which are suitably s aced apart as the Width of the ditch or c annel to be dug or worked mayrequire and are equipped on the under sides thereof withv suitable rollers -OI' Wheels a for locomotion,-

which run' on tem orary rails or planks b, laid on the respective banks 'or at the ,sides of the ditch or canal to be worked. These platforms orI stages are shown-asconnected by trussbeams -B B, which-are supported in spaced parallel relation at the proper height above the vplaifl'orms by columns or uprights c, arising from said platforms, 'and are of sufficient length to span the ditch or canal and have their ends extending a distance beyond the Outer sid es of the platforms, as the point of discharge of the dippers may require. Cross-beams or end pieces d d rigidly connect the beams B B at their endsl and are shown as being spaced therefrom b the vertical members 'e e, which project a s iort distance above the surface glane of the spanning-beams. rThe beams B are longitudinally braced with respect to the platformsA A by thebracing members f. Erasing-cables gand h are also Ositioned longitudinally ofeachspanningearn, the former being disposed above the beams and having their ends fixed adjacent the ends of said beams and their intervening ortions ele-l vated by a rolongation of one o the columns c of each up Aatform, andthe latter being disosed below the beams and havingtheir ends ed thereto, as at fi. Avrail 1 is laid or formed upon the surface of each beam B to provide a track on which the cars or carriages 2 and 2 for carrying the and comprise a rectangular frame portion 5 IOO Ilo

of suitable length to pass freely between the beams A A and provided with two sets of bearing blocks or hangers 6 6', in which the shafts 7 7, carrying at their ends the peripherally-langed wheels or rollers 8 for riding on the rails 1, are mounted. In the center of the frame is pivotally mounted a disk-like head 9, which has its pivotal axis disposed at right angles to the line of movement of the carriage and is provided with two vertical openings 9', through which the two sticks 10 of the associated dipper loosely pass. The manner of mounting thishead, as shown in the drawings, consists in the provision of a ring 9, having trunnions 9b formed on opposite sides thereof and mounted within bearings 9, secured to transverse frame-pieces 9d of the carriage, said ring being also formed on its upper inner edge with an annular groove which forms a seat for the peripheral flange 9*a on the head 9, as shown in Fig. 5. The head 9 is retained to its seat in the ring 9JL by the ring 9f, which is bo1te`d or otherwise suitably secured to the ring 9HL and adapted to permit a free turning of the head in the ring 9a. It is thus apparent that the head 9 may have both a pivotal movement with the trunnions'9b as its axis and an independent rotary movement with respect to the ring 9a. The dipper-sticks 10, which pass through the opening 9 in the head 9, are parallel throughout their lengths and have their lower or inyner ends rigidly and lirmly secured in any suitable manner to approximately the center of the top 1l of the di per with which they are associated and are aterally braced adj acent such ends by rods, cables, or the like 12, which rigidly connect the dipper-top 11 at its sides with collars 12Il on said sticks. The top 11 of each dipper is hinged to the back thereof, as at 13, so as to permit the open end of the dipper to swing downwardly from the top when being dumped, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1. The tripping of a dipper is effected by the pulling of a cord 14, which has one end secured to a latch member 14a on the top 11 of the dipper, which latch member is operated by a pulling of the cord to move a bolt (not shown) from engagement with `a catch 14b on either side of the dipper-body. The other end of this cord extends up to the carriage of the dipper over a sheave 14", thence over a sheave 14, and down to adjacent the position of the operator.

The two dippers 4 and 4', which have their discharge on opposite sides of the ditch or canal and have the direction of their corresponding movements reversed, are each controlled by a separate operating mechanism which is mounted on the platform over which4 the associated dipper has its discharging movement. As the operation of and means for controlling each carriage and its dipper are the same, except that their relative positions and directions of travel are reversed,

ing its load at the side of the ditch or canal and returning to reload.

The hoisting and loowering or vertical movement of a dipper is effected by the roper direction of rotation of the channeledp drum 15,

- which is mounted on the shaft 15a and connected with the di per through the medium of a cable 16. T s cable has one end secured to said drum in position to be wound thereon, thence passes upward over the sheave 16a, carried by a cross-beam 17 of the frame, thence horizontally around the contiguous end of the beam B in engagement with the sheaves 1Gb and 16, carried by the vertical shafts 18 at such end, thence between and in parallelism with the two span' ning-beams to the carriage carrying said dipper, assing over the sheave 164, carried there y, and down under the sheave 16e, which is mounted between the'dipper-sticks Il), adjacent their point of connection with the di per, thence u ward over the sheave lf, w ich is mounte on the opposite side of the carriage to the sheave 1601 thence eontinuing its course between the beams B B, passing throu h an open portion of the carriage carrying 51e other dipper, a/nd finally having its end fixed at 16g to the cross-piece connecting the proper ends of the spanningbeams, as shown in Fig. 8.

The movement of a carriage longitudinally of the beams B B for the purpose of discharging its load at the side of the canal or ditch is ell'ected bya proper direction of rotation of the drum- 19, which is mounted on a shaft 19a at the same end of the platform of the frame as the drum 15 and connects with the associated carriage through the cable 20. This cable, which Inay be termed a motor-cable, has'one end xed to the front or outer end of the associated carriage, thence passes around the sheaves 2()a and 20", which are mounted `above the sheaves 1,6b and 160- on the shafts therewith, thencepasses along the outer side of the beam disposed on the side of the frame with the drum 19, over the sheave 20", and down to said drum, around which it is passed a series of times to have a tight frictional engagement therewith, after which it passes upward over the sheaves 20d, mounted on the spindle with the sheave 20, and continues its course along the side of said beam to the opposite end thereof, where it passes around the two horizontally-alining sheaves 2Oe and 20f, thence passes back between the vertical I OO IIO

planes of the two s annin bea`ms, either through or over the ame o the other carriage of the apparatus, and finally has its end. fixed to the op osite side of the attached car- 5 ria e to that st engaged, thus forming an en less cable with the attached carriage forming the connection between its ends1 The digging movement of the dipper is imparted thereto through the two draft-cables 21, which have their dip er ends connected to opposite sides of the (Piipper through the medium of the pivotal arms` 22 and their other ends fixed to drums 23 23 in position to wind thereon when they are turned. These drums are mounted on a shaft 23EL between the transversely-spaced uprights arising from each platform of the frame and in the line of movement of the dipper and have their peripheries formed` with right and left spiral grooves, so that the cables are each caused to wind thereon toward the center of the shaft. The rovision of the Lwo draftcables 21 and t eir manner of connection with the dipper forms an important feature 2 5 Vof my invention, as an even and direct pull is thus applied to each side of the dip er and a turning thereof, due to one side of tlie dipper striking a stone or other hard substance, is prevented. The connectionv of the cable ends with the pivotal arms 22 facilitates a free movement of the dipper as it passes up and outward over the drums 23 on its dischargin movement, the position of the cables wit respect to the dipper when the lat- 3 5 ter is at the limit of its outward movement being reversed. y

Each dipper-carriage is brought to an abrupt stop at its limit of outward movement on the spanning-beams by contactwith a bumper 24, one of which is positioned adj acent each end of said beams in the path of movement of -the contiguous carriage and yieldin ly spaced from the vertical members d d at t e ends of the beams by compression- 45 springs 25. As a carriage is thus stopped t e impetus of its dipper causes it to swing out and throw its contents a distance from the end of the machine, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, the dip er being tripped at the desired point by a pulling of the trip-cord 14 by the operator.

' The drums 15 23 23 are driven by an engine 26 through a series of properly-proportioned gears and pinions and have their move- 55 ments controlled b suitable clutches, while the drum 19, on which the motor-cable of the associated carriage is wound, is driven by the engine 27 through the medium of the pinion` 28 on the engine-shaft and the meshing gear 29 on the shaft 19li with said drum, and has its rotation controlled by a throttling of the engine. The throttling of the engine 27 is effected by a movement of the lever 3U, which is positioned at the operator's end of 65 the platform on which the mechanism is mounted and connects with the' throttlevalve of the engine through the medium of the push-rod 30, cranked shaft 30h, and link 30, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. i The lever 30 may be operated to cause a working of the drum 19in either direction of rotation, so that opposite directions of movement may be communicated to the associated carriage. These engines preferably receive their steamsupply from a common boiler 31, which is 7 5 .mounted on the platform therewith. The

mechanism shown for communicating motion tothe drums 15 and 23 from the engine 26 consists in mounting a pinion 32 on the engine-shaft 32a for meshing with the spur- 8o gear 33 on the shaft 34, which shaft also carries a pinion 35 for drivin the spur-gear 36, which is loosely mounte on the shaft 15 i with the drum 15. A three-armed frictionclutch 37 is carried by the shaft 15EL in posi- 8 5 tion for its arms to engave an annular flange on the gear36. This clutch has its movement controlled by a shipper-rod 38, the outer end of which has toggle connection, as shown at 38a, with a vertlcal rock-shaft 38", 9o from the lower end of which shaft extends an arm 38C, having pivotal connection with one end of a push-rod 38, the other end of which rod extends to the operators side of the platform and has connection with an operating- 95 lever 38e. 39 represents a brake drum, which is fixed on the shaft 15a and is encircled by a brake band or cable 39a, one end of which is fixed to the frame, as at 39h, while the other end thereof connects with an arm rco A39, carried by the rock-shaft 39d, which rod carries a second arm or treadle 39e in osition to be depressed by the operators oot. A pinion 40 is also carried by the shaft 34 and drlves a gear 41, fixed to the shaft 41, which 105 shaft also carries a loose pinion 42 for meshing with the. ear 43, carried by the drumshaft 23a. T e rotation of the pinion 42 relative to its. shaft is controlled by a jawclutch, the movable member 44 of which 1 1o slides on a feather on the shaft 41a and is reciprocated by a shipper-lever 44a, which connects with .a push-rod 44h having an operating-lever 44c at its other end positioned adjafcent the operators stand. The throttle- 11;

valve of the engine 26 has. connection with one end of a rock-shaft 45 through suitable link-and-armconnection, as shown at 46,;1nd is controlled by a throttle-lever 45, which is disposed adjacent the operators stand and 121 has connection with said rock-shaft. 47 represents a water-tank, which is shown in Fig. 3 as heilig positioned on the operator's side of the platform.

'lhe operation of the apparatus comprising 125 my invention is as follows: The left-hand dipper 4, having been lowered to the position shown byfull lines in Fig. 1, is caused' to dig its nose into the mud, gravel, dirt, -or other material forming the part to be excavated 131J and be filled by the working of the drums 23 23,A which are thrown into operation by a proper movement of the lever 44? controling the clutch member 44, thus effecting a shortening of the two draft-cables 21 and an outward movement of the dipper, which is caused to make a substantially straight cut during such movement by the throwing of the drum 19 into operation to effect an 011tward movement of the carriage with the dipper in its digging operation, the driving mechan'ism of the motor and draft-cables being properly geared for that purpose. The line of draft of the cables 21 being direct with respect to the opposite sides of the dipper causes a steady even pull to be-a-pplied to each side. of the dipper and prevents a turning thereof duc to one side of the dipper meetinv with greater obstructions than the other. After the dipper has made its apportioned cut the mechanism driving the motor-cable is stopped, the clutch member 44 released to permit a free movement of the drums 23 23, and the friction-clutch 37 thrown into operation by a movement of the lever 38e controlling the same to cause a working of the drum and a consequent shortening of the cable .16 and elevating of the dipper. As the dipper reaches the proper elevation to permit it to freely pass over the portion of the platform in its path of -movement the rotation of the drum 15 is preferably stopped by a throttling of the engine 26, but may be stopped, if desired, by a releasing of the clutch 37, 1n which latter case. the operator depresses the brake-treadle 39e with his foot to tighten the 'band on the brake-drum 39 to- )revent an unwinding of the elevating-cable. l` his being done, the operator opens the throttle-valve of the engine 27 to cause a working of the drum 19 in the proper direction to move the carriage and its dipper toward the end of the beams B B, at which it is dumped through the medium of the communicating cable 20. As the out-ward movement of the carriage on its track is stopped either by its contact. with thebumper 24 or per to drop by its own weig by the stopping or reversing of the engine 27 the impetus of the loaded dipper causes it to swing out and .throw its contents a desired distance from the machine or into a car positioned on the bank of the ditch or canal at the end of the machine, the dipper being tripped at the proper moment by a pulling of the trip-cord 14. As the dipper swings back after discharging its load its movement is taken up by the throwing of the drum 19 into operation in the proper direction of rotation to return the carriage to a position over the ditch or canal where it is desired to lower the` dipper to secure a fresh load, The lowering of the dipper, which lowering is effected by the opera-tor releasing the pressure of his foot from the brake-treadle 39e to ermit the dip'- t, is timed to take' place as'it swings to the right after the stopping of the carriage on its return movement, thereby causing the dipper as it drops to dig its nose into the ground at an angle to a horizontal plane. The relative movements of the two clippers is so timed that one is discharging itsload as the other is loading,

the ditch or canal to be entirely spanned andbridges or other obstructions therein passed without the removal of such obstruction or the dismantling of the excavator and carrying it around the same.

Having thus described my invention, what I' claim as new, and desire to secure by Let.-

ters Patent, is-

1. In an excavator, a stage, a member elevated above and having its ends extended in opposite directions from the stage, a dipper carried by said member and movable over the stage in its discharging movement whereby its load is secured on one side and discharged on the other side of the stage., and mechanism for causing the dipper to dig and discharge its load.

2. In an excavator, a stage, a horizontal member supported over and havin its ends extended in opposite directions rom the stage, a di er suspended from said member and mova ie both at right angles to and in parallelism therewith and operative to secure its load on one side of the stage and to travel over and have its discharge on the other side of the stage, and mechanism for causing the dipper to dig and discharge its load.

3. In an excavator, a frame comprising two spaced stages or trucks, and a spanning member connecting said stages or trucks and having one end extended on the opposite side of one stage or lplatform to its central portion, a dip )er freely suspended from the spanning member and adapted to have swinging, vertical and horizontal movements and operative to secure its load on one side of the stage or truck contiguous to the extended end of the spanning member and have its dischar e over on the other side of said stage or truc and mechanism for communicating the d igging and discharging movements to the dlper. p V4. In an excavator, a frame comprising spaced stages or platforms, and a spannmg member connecting the Stages Aor`platf'ori-ris, a dipper freely suspended from the spannlng mem er and operative to secure its load frombetween the stages or platforms and tohave its discharge over and on the opposite Side of lIO one of the stages or platforms, and mechanism for causing the dipper to dig and dischar e its load.

chargin movements in opposite directions ing movements to each dipper vand independ-l longitu inally of the spanning member, said dippers being also movable vertically of the spanning member, and mechanism mounted on each truck for communicating said movevment to the associated dipper.

6. In an excavator, a frame, having spaced stages or platforms, and a spanning member connecting the stages or platforms, two-dippers carried by the spanning beams and operative to alternately di 'and discharge their loads, the discharge talring place adjacent the ends of the spanning beams, said dippers having swinging and vertical movements relative to sald beam and independent mechanism for each dipper for causing it to dig and discharge its load.

7. ln an excavator, a frame having stages or platforms, and a straight horizontal spanning member connecting the stages or platforms and having its en s extending beyond the same, two dip ers freely suspended from the s anning mem er and operative to alternate y secure and discharge their loads, the

discharge thereof taking place at the oppo-4 site extended ends' of the spanning mem er land beyond the associated stage or platform,

and independent mechanism for each dipper for causing it to dig and discharge its load. y

8. In an excavator, a channelspanning frame mounted for locomotion on the banks of the channel and having a horizontal spanning beam extended at its ends, two dippers movably carried by the spanning beam and having their discharging movements in opposite directions relative to the channel, said dippers beingl also movable vertically and pivotally of t e spanning beam, independent mechanism for communicating the dlschargent means for elevating each dipper after securin its load.

9. n an. excavatonrthe combination with a horizontal beam, vof a carriage movable on said beam and havin a variously-pivoted head., a dipper carried y and having its di per-stick 1n connection with and movab e relatively to said head, and mechanism for communicating motion to the carriage and parting vertical and horizontal movements to the dipper.

10. in an excavator, the combination with l,

the spanning beam, of a dipper carried by said beam and mounted to have vertical longitudinal, vertical swinging and horizontal pivotal movements relative to the beam, mechanism for communicating the swingmr and vertical movements to the dipper, an

mechanism for communicating the longitudinal movement thereto.

l l. In an excavator, the combination with the spanning beam, of a carriage mounted for lon itudnal movement thereon, adipper carrie by. and movable both pivotally and radially o the carriage, mechanism for communicating motion to the carriage, and mechanism ior communicating both the pivotal and the radial movements to the dippei.

12. In an excavator, the combination with the spanning beam, of a carriage mounted for movement' longitudinally of the beam and having a horizontally-disposed variously-pivoted part,' a dipper carried by and having a movement relative to said pivotal part, means for communicating motion to the carriage, means for communicating a pivotal movement to the clipper, and means for communicating a movement to the dipper relative to the pivotal part.

13. 'In an excavator, the combination with the spanning beam, of a carriage mounted 'for movement lon itudinally of the beam, a dipper suspende from and having its nstick passed loosely through the carriage whereby 'to' permit it to have a vertical and a lateral movement to each dipper, mechanism for swinging each dipper to secure its load, and mechanism for elevating each dipper after it has secured its load.

15. ln an excavator, a stage orf-platform, a beam elevated above .the stage or platform and having a portion of its length disposed over the channel to be worked and a portion extending over the channel-bank on the-opposite side ofthe contiguous stage to the major portion of the'beam, a carriage mounted on and movable lengthwise of the beam, a dip er carried by the carriage and mounted to ave both a vertical and a digging movement relative thereto, mechanism for communicating the digging movement to the dipper, mechanism for elevating the dipper, and mechanism for driving the carriage in reverse directions `Whereb the dipper is caused to have a movement on itudinally of the beam and to swin out to ischar e its load from the bank en thereof at the imit of outward movement of the carriage and then return to reload. O l

16. ln an excavator, a sta e or platform, a beam supported thereby and; disposed transversely of the ditch or canal over the channel IOO IIO

and bank thereof, a carriage mounted on and movable longitudinally of the beam, a dipper carried by the carriage and mounted to have both a vertical andswinging movement rela.- tive thereto, mechanism Vfor elevating the dipper af ter it has secured its load, mechanism for driving the carriage longitudinally of the beam, and a bumper with which the carriage has contact on its outward or discharging movement whereby to cause an abrupt stopping of the same and an outward swinging of the flipper to discharge its load from the` mouth or open end thereof.

17. In an excavator, the combination of a stage, a horizontal track supported thereover and having its end extending beyond the stage, a carriage movable ont-he track and over the stage, a'dipper pivotally carried by the carriageand movable to secure its load on one side of thestage and discharge it on the other side thereof, a yielding bumper with which the carriage has contact at a pred etermined point in its outward or discharging movement whereby to cause an abrupt stopping ol the same and a consequent outward swinging movement of the dipper to effect a discharge of its load from the side thereof'disposed in the direction of its' discharging movement, and mechanism for driving the carriageand imparting digging and vertical movements to the dipper.

18. In an excavator, the combination with the beam and carriage movable thereon, of a dipper movably suspended from the carriage, a winding-drum, mechanism for operating the drum, a cable extending to each side of the dipper from the drum whereby a' direct and even pull is communicated from the drum to each side of the dipper, said cables having their dipper ends in pivotal connection with the dipper sides, and means for elevating the dipper relative to its carriage.

19. In an excavator, the combination with a horizontally-disposed member, of a carriage mounted on and movable longitudinally of the member, said carriage having a head turnable on a horizontal axis disposed transversely of the member and also turnable on a vertical axis relative to the carriage, a dipper movably suspended from the carriage and having a plurality of sticks loosely extending through said head, means for imparting a digging movement to the dipper, and means for elevating it relative to the carriage.

20. In an excavator, a stage mounted for locomotion on the bank ofthe channel to be worked, parallel beams supported by the stage to form a track and having their. ends extending in opposite directions from the stage, a carriage mounted for movement longitudinally of the beams, a dip er suspended from the carriage and mova le relative thereto, draft mechanism for the dipper in the line of its digging movement, means for elevating the dipper to enable it to pass over the draft mechanism, and means 'for imparting movement to the carriage whereb the dipper is caused to travel over the dra t mechanism and to have its discharge on the opposite side of the stage to the point of digging.

21. In an excavator, the combination with the beam, of a carriage movable thereon, a dipper movably' carried by the carriage, means for imparting the digging movement to the dipper, means for elevating the dipper, and means for movingthe carriage to apoint where the dipper discharge takes place, the dipper in such movement passing over the means for imparting the digging movement thereto.

22. In an excavator, the combination with the beam, of a carriage movable thereon, a

ldipper movably carried by the carriage, and

means for imparting movement to the dipper relative to its carriage, said means comprising a'drum, mechanism for imparting rota- -tion thereto, a cable having one end secured to the drum and thence having its course guided up to and around one end ofthe beam,

thence parallel therewith through the carriage and to the opposite end of the beam where its other end is fixed ,-the portion passing through the carriage being loo ed and in engagement with the dipper, w ereby a shortening of the cable effects an elevation of the dipper.

23. An excavator, comprising two stages A mounted for locomotion on opposite channelbanks, a spanning truss supported by the stages and having its ends projecting beyond the respective stages, two carriages movable on the truss and over their associated stages, a dipper-carried by each carriage and having a vertical and swinging movement relative -thereto, and each having its discharge awa from the associated stage and on the ban side thereof, and mechanism on each stage for driving the associated carriage and imparting vertical and swinging movements to the attached dipper.

24. In an excavator, the combination with a beam, and a carriage movable thereon, of a dipper carried by the carriage and movable therewith and relative thereto, and direct draft means for the dipper over which it is caused to pass in its discharging movement.

25. In an excavator, the combination with a horizontally-movable carriage, of a dipper having its stick in loose pivotal engagement with the carriage, said dipper being movable to discharge its l'oad outwardly and away dis- 'Too

IIO

draft-cable leading from each side of the dipsubstantially direct pnll is communicated to per to the draft mechanism, whereby a direct each side of the dipper.

pull is communicated to each side of the dip- In testimony whereof I have hereunto per from such draft mechanism. signed my name to this specification in the 5 27. In an excavator, a pivotally-suspendpresence of two subscribing witnesses ed dipper, a draft mechanism disposed in the JOHN H. W. LIEBE line of movement of the dip er, and a draftcable leading from each sidb of the Clipper Witnesses:

to the draft mechanism, said cables belng CORNELL SGHREIBER, io spaced throughout their lengths whereby a C. W. OWEN.

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