US1232749A - Excavating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

Patented July 10, 1917.

7 SHEETISM-SHEET l.

F. E. ALLEN,

EXCAVATING APPARATUS, APPucATIoN FILED MAYIS. 1911.

msm@

F. E. ALLEN.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED III/w19. I9II.

LQSQJMQ., Patented July 1o, 1917.

FSHEETS-SHEET 2.

F. IE. ALLEN.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIQ. 19H. LQSQJMQI Patented July 10, 1917.

TSHEETS-SHEET 3.

F.E. ALLEN.

EXCAVATING ARPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I9, i911. 1l ,Qfg Patented July 10, 1917.

SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Mefs s' m E E F. E. ALLEN. EXCAVATNG APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAY I9, I9II.

- Patented July 10, 1917.

TSHEETS-SHEET 5.

F'. E. ALLEN.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY19. 1'911. Lfmw, Patented July 10, 1917.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

F. E. ALLEN.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAY I9. I9II.

1.239.749. Patented July 10, 1917.

SHEETS-SHEET 7.

FBEDERICK'E.`ALLEN,OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR T0 TFE INTERNATIONAL EXCAVATOR COMPANY, 0F OAIKIILAN' D, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALI- 'nxcava'rrne APPARATUS.

.application ined May 19,' 1911. serial 1ro. saam.

To all whom z't may concern: t

Be it known that I, FREDERICK E. ALLEN, of Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in VExcavating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a portable machine or apparatus for excavating wide areas'of ground, having means for placing the material excavated in such a position that it may be loaded without additional labor 'in carts or .other vehicles for being carried away. More specifically theinvention relates to that class of machine rst illustrated in my prior Patent No. 854,920, granted May 28th, 1907, and consists of numerous improvements over and novel features beyond what is shown in said patent. The main objects of the improvements in which the present invention differs from the patent referred to are; rstto secure more rapid operation; second, to extend lthe area capable of being excavated while the machine is in one position; third, to provide automatic ower means, as distinguished from the la or of' human beings or animals, for returning the excavating member into position for taking a new load after being emptied; fourth, to provide an apparatus in which the entire operation is performed by a mechanical prime mover; fifth, to provide a machine capable of excavating earth or sand under water. Numerous other objects of less importance are accomplished by this invention, all as hereinafter set forth in the following specification. 1n

- the drawings 1 have illustrated a form of carrying my invention into elfect, the same illustrating the concrete machine which at present I consider best adapted to embody the principles of the invention. ln the drawings, I

' Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the machine or apparatus referred to.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same.

Fig. 3 is an elevation on a larger scaleI of the driving mechanism of the machine.

Fig. 4 is a cross section on line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 isa perspective view of a cradle adapted to form art of the support of the machine and ena le it to be -moved side- Wlse.

Speciiication of Letters Patent.

Patented July MD, 191'?.

Fig. 6 is a sectional-v View of the driving 55 @pn a rail- -way car and to be reduced in he ht.

Fig. 10 1s a plan View illustratin (a means for extendmg the range of operatlon of the machine.

Fig. 11 is an elevation -on an enlarged scale of the construction at the receiving end of the apparatus.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the excavating member or scraper.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the elevating carriage.

Fig. 14 is a perspective Viewv of the guide by which the scraper is positioned over the elevator.

Figs. 15 and 16 are respectively an elevation of a gravity clutch and a section on line 16-16 of F1g. 15.

Fig. 17 is a detail elevation of the elevator car and its guides.

'Fig 18 is a cross-section of the guides, showing the car in endv elevation.

This apparatus, like the one described in the patent referred to, is capable of being hauled from place t0 place, and is provided With a movable excavator or scraper which may be drawn over the surface of the ground to scrape off the same, an elevator into which the scraper discharges its contents, and a bunker or chamber in which the material is placed by the elevator and from which it may be instantly discharged into a cart or other receptacle placed underneath. The frame of the machine comprises two longitudinally inclined side members, 1 and 2, Vwhich are connectedy at their front and rear ends by crossbars 3, and are supported by front and rear axles 4, 5, on which are mounted road wheels 6 andI 7 respectively. 'll`he support upon the forward axle conslsts of columns 8 beneath the side members 1 and 2 rising from the ends of a bolster 9, which latter is connected swivelly by means of a king. bolt with the axle 4f. To the axle is attached means for connect- .ing a draw baror tongue `such as the hounds 10.

The frame is supported on the rear axle by a secondary or sub-frame including longitudinal members 11 which are attached to the axle 5 andextend rearwardly therefrom, their rear ends being connected by hinges 12 with the members land 2 of the main. frame. The columns 8 are of such length as to hold the main frame at an inclination substantially as shown in Fig. 1 when the main frame and secondary frame are parallel. The axles are directly connected together by a reach rod 13 consisting of two parts united by a turn buckle 14, which are connected respectively with the axles bystirrups 15 and 16. The members of the main frame are braced to the columns 8 by struts 17 and 18, makingthe connection between the frame and the front axle rigid.`

' Connected to the secondary frame is an arm 19 braced by means of inclined members 20, as shown in Fig. 2. This arm extends between and is guided by uprights 21.

- Such arm 19 serves to elevate the rear end ofthe main frame, and for that purpose is provided with a cable 22 which passes from an eye 23 near the end of the arm around a pulley 24 secured to the guides 21,and thence around a second pulley 25, carried by the arm. When this cable is pulled upon the arm 19 will descend, elevating the rear end of the secondary frame 11 and correspondingly elevating the rear part of the main frame to a greater or less extent, substantially as shown in Fig. 9. By this means the rear end of the frame is raised above the ground when the machine is to be moved, while by slacking oli' the cable such rear end may b e brought close to the ground or below the surface of the ground in an eX- cavation, as shown in Fig. 1. p

l Connected to thelongitudinal members 1 and 2 and the columns 8 and struts 17 and 18 on both sides of the machine are beams 26 which together with cross beams 27 and upper longitudinal beams 28 form a platform and supports for the operating mechanism of the apparatus. The rear end of such platform is supported by posts 28 and 29 secured to the main frame. On said platform are mounted the various cable drums or pulleys by which the scraper, the elevating car or conveyer and the doors of the bunker are operated, and alsopreferably a motor for driving these drums.

The scraper -referred to is shown at 30 and has a bail 31 to which is connected a cablev 32 passing around a sheave 33 hung from the platform, thence around a guide pulley 34 to a hoisting drum 35, to which it is secured, and about which it is wound when the drum is operated. The guide pulley referred to is slidingly mounted upon '45 driven into the ground at some distance from the machine, and the cable 37 which is` guided by these blocks serves to return the scraper after it has discharged its load, to enable it to gather a fresh load.

The cable drums 35 and 38 are preferably constructed alike, being as shown in F ig. 7, which illustrates in detail the construction and arrangement of the drum 35. This drum is driven frictionally by a clutch member 46 keyed upon a shaft 47 and adapted to engage a complemental clutch member 484 formed as a head on the drum 35. These members 46 and 48 are conveniently the complemental parts of a cone friction clutch. The member 46 is also formed in part as a gear havingteeth 49 which are engaged with a pinion 50 on a drive shaft 51, the latter being actuated by motive power of which an example is shown in the drawings, consisting of an internal combustion motor 52 having on its shaft a pinion 53 which meshes with a gear 54 on the shaft 51. The pinion 50 meshes with the toothed clutch members of both drums, as shown in Figs.

2 and 8.- A yoke 55 extends across the end of shaft 47 of the drum 35 and contains a screw 56 on which is keyed an operating lever 57. This screw has a reduced end 56a which enters a longitudinal bore in the shaft 47 and bears on a pin 58 movable endwise in such shaft. This pin bears on a transverse key 59 which passes through the shaft and engages the end of a sleeve 60 mounted slidingly onthe shaft 47. A spring 61 is interposed between the hub of the clutch member 46 and the end of this sleeve, all as shown clearly in Fig, 7. When the lever 57 is turned in proper direction the screw 56 acts to press the clutch member 48 into contact with the clutch member 46, thus causing the-drum to rotate. When the lever is turned in the opposite direction removing this pressure, the spring 61 separates the clutch members, since the drum has a tight fit on the sleeve 60 and moves back and forth therewith. l

A similar yoke 62 is mounted in corresponding relation with the shaft of drum 38 and contains a screw 63 onwhich is keyed a lever 64. The screws 63 and 56 are alike in all respects except that theirthreads are of opposite inclination, one being a left-hand,

Lasagne and the other a right-hand, thread. link 65 couples the levers 57 and 64 together, so that they are caused to vswing-in unison, thus causing the clutch of one drum to be released,

the levers to the left with respect to Figs. 1, l

2 and 8 makes thedrum 35 operative and-releases the drum 38, while movement to the y right has the opposite effect. When the levers are in an mtermediate or neutral position, both drums are inoperative.

The lever-64 has an arm 64a extending below the fulcrum point, which is the axis of the screw 63, and to this arm is connected a link 66 extending and connected to a lever 67 pivoted to a bracket 68 which is mounted upon one of the transverse members of the platform framing. This lever is provided for the purpose of eecting a reversal of the drums by the action of the scraper, as will be presently described. The clutch head 48 of the drum is formed as a brake and passing around it is a brake strap 69, the

ends of which are connected to a brake strap head 70 secured to a rock shaft 71 on which f' is fastened a brake lever 72. The latter is actuated to retard the movement of the drum when'the cable is drawn therefrom as the scraper recedes, and may be held in any osition for the purpose by means of a pawl 73 engagin Aa ratchet toothed segment 74 and releasa le by means of a latch lever` 75. Mounted in rear of the lever 67 are bufer arms 76shown most clearly in Fig. 3, which extend downwardly from a shaft 77 (Fig. 2), journaled in boxes 78 fixed to the upper longitudinal members 28 of the platform frame. To these buffer arms are pivotally connected rods 79 passing through guides 80 and carrying abutment nuts 81 between which and the guides are contained buier springs 82. The guides 80 are conveniently plates having apertures through which the rods 79 pass, the latter having nuts on their forward ends to prevent retraction from the guide plates. These buffers coperate with the scraper as will be presently described.

The car or elevator is represented at 83 and is provided with wheels 84 which run upon the side members 1 and 2 of the main frame as tracks, and are provided with flanges to keep them on the tracks. This car is shown in detail in Figs. 1 1 and 13. lt consists of two main portions, namely a frame and a bucket 85 which is hung within the frame of the car and pivoted thereto by trunnions 86. The front end of the bucket is open to enable the contents thereof to be discharged when the bucket is tilted, as hereinafter described, while a plate or apron 87 secured to the front transverse member of the car-frame retains the load in the bucket when the' latter is in its normal position. Fordrawing the bucket upwardly along the inclined frame members I provide a'cable 88 which is fastened at one end to the car and extends around a guide pulley 89 at the upper and forward end of the frame, thence around a second guide pulley 90 at the side of the frame to a hoisting drum 91 to 'which it is fastened. This drum is mounted upon a shaft 92 (Fig. 2), which extends across the machine, belng contained in boxes carried by bridges 93yon the platform structure, and carries a worm gear 94 with which meshes a worm 95 (Figs. 1 and 3) mounted upon a shaft 96. The latter passes across the end ofthe drive shaft 51 previously mentioned, and supports loosely mounted bevel gears 97 and 98 meshing with'a bevel gear 99 on the shaft 51, and being constantly driven thereby y1n relatlvely opposite directions. These loose gears are alternately coupled with the shaft so that it and the cable drum 91 may be driven oppositely, by the following described means z-In the gears 97 and 98 are formed grooves 100 and 101 entered by tapered. clutch rings 102, 103 respectively,

vwhich are carried by clutch heads 104, 105

correspondingly' engaged with the clutch 104. These levers are pivoted upon brackets 110, 111, mountedupon the platform structure, and are connected by a. link 112 so that they are compelled to swing in unison. One of the levers, as 108, isA provided with a handle portion 113 (Figs. land 3) by which it may be manually operated, and has an arm 108a extending below its fulcrum and pivotally connected with a trip lever 114 (Figs. 2 and 3) which is pivoted toa cross piece 115 extending between the supports 29 of the platform structure. This trip lever extends into the path of the car at certain times, as later explained.

The shipper levers are adapted to be put either in a neutral position, when both clutches are out of operation and both the gears 97 and 98 are idle, or in a left-hand position Awherein the clutch 102 and gear 97 are operative to turn the shaft, or in a right-hand position where the clutch 103y Said levers are cally adjustable on a.support 119; these adjustments being provided so that the spring latch may be caused to bear with exactly th? degree of pressure required on the stud 11 The link 112 is provided with a lug 120 through which passes a rod 121 having on its end an adjustable nut 122, between which and the lug 120 is a spring 123. The lug 120 and the nut 122 constitute abutments for the spring against which the same reacts. Connected to the rod 121 is a cable 124 which passes, and is connected, to a lever 125 pivoted to the Vmain frame near the upper end thereof. The purpose of this lever and cable is Ato enable the car to reverse the direction of drive of the hoisting drum 91 when the car is at the end of its travel, and for this purpose the car carries strikers 126 adapted to engage and move the lever. v

Also mounted upon the shaft 92 is a gravity'clutch 130, shown in detail in Figs. 15 and 16, and consisting of an inner member 131 keyed to the shaft, an outer member to which the character 130 is applied, and pawls or clutch members 132. The outer member 130 overlies th'e periphery of the inner member 131 andl has internal ratchet teeth 133 with which the pawls 132 are adapted to interlock when the shaft is turned in one direction, and over which they slip when it is turned in the opposite direction. These pawls slide radially in guide-ways 134 in the inner member. The outer member is formed as a brake drum, and is engaged by a brake strap 135 iiored at one end, and to the other end of which is attached a rod 136, such rod terminating in a hook 137 (Figs. 1, 11 and 13) arranged in such a position that it is engaged by a stirrup 138 secured to the car. This rod passes through guides 139, 140 and 141 (Fig. 3) secured to parts of the deck frame, which guides keep it in such a position that its hook will 'be properly engaged whenever the car reaches its lowermost position. The rod when thus engaged applies the brake strap to the clutch member 130.

Secured to the sides of the frame members near their upper ends are curved guides 142 (Figs. 1 and 2) so arranged as to engage pins 143 on the forward end of the bucket of the car when the latter reaches its uppermost position, and to tilt'the car and cause it to dump its contents into a box or bunker 143e built upon the under side of the main frame at its forward end. This bunker is at such an elevation that a wagon may pass readily under it and be loaded therefrom. It has a trap in its bottom normally closed by doors 144, which are hinged atthefront and rear of the bunker and come together at the middle. vThese doors are held closed by cables 145 at both sides of the bunker having branches secured to both doors. The cables pass around pulleys 146 at the sides of the frame, thence under guide pulleys 147 to drums 148, 149 on a shaft 150. Also mounted upon the drum 149 is a cable 150a which passes around a guide pulley 151 and from which is hung a weight 152 arranged to slide between vertical guides 153.

This weight is sufficient to overbalance the doors andhold them closed when the bunker is empty, but not suiicient to hold them closed when the bunker is full. For the purpose of thus keeping the bunker closed until a load is to be discharged I provide on the shaft 150 a brake drum 154, shown best in Fig. 3,which is engaged by a brake strap 155 connected to a brake head 156 to which also is connected an operating lever 157 having a pawl 158 coperating with a ratchet toothed segment 159. Before filling the bunker this lever Vis set to bind the brake drum and so prevent premature opening of thedoors 144.

At the rear end of the frame I provide an apron 1GO-pivoted to brackets 161 on the frame. This apron isl partly over the car when the latter is'at its lowermost position,

which extend into the throat between theA guide plates and trip the scraper. These stops are pivoted to brackets 164 on the apron and to them are connected rods 165 passing through uprights 166 on the apron, and carrying buffer springs 167. Thus the stops are arranged to extend into the path of the scraper and to arrest the same with out shock.

The mode of operation of the. .machine may now be understood, and is as follows: It may first be understood that the stakes 44-and 45 with the pulley blocks 42 and 43 are fastened in the ground at some distance from the machine, and a considerable distance apart.' The scraper being retracted and the motor being in operation, the control lever 57 is swung to the left, thereby coupling the winding drum 35 with the motor in the manner described. .This causes the cable 32 to be taken up, .drawing the such manipulation. Then being released the scraper slides over the ground under the pull of the cable, riding up on the apron tenante 160 over the lower `end of the .frame and being guided by thewalls 162 into a position' directly above-the car, which is at that time at the bottom 'and rear end of the, frame. The` scraperl strikes the stops 163 with the forward edges ofits sides .near the bottom at points below the line of pull exerted .by the cable and the bail of the scraper. Thereupon the scraper is caused to tilt up, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 11, into nearly a vertical position, whereby its contents are discharged into the car. When in this position the back of the scraper encounters the buer arms 76 which prevent the scraper from entirely overturning, and at almost the same time the lever 67 -is encountered by the scraperbail 3l, the springs of the buier arms 76 yielding suihcientlyto permit this lever to be shifted. Thereby the levers 57 and 64 are swung to the right, releasing the clutch of drum and throwing in the clutch of drum 38. The latter then acts to wind up the cable 37, which, as previously noted, is connected to the back of the scraper and passes through the blocks 42 and 43.

. Thus the sera-per is withdrawn ready to tion after it has been uptilted and brought into contact with the buffers 76. rIhe latter not only bring the scraper to rest without shock, but alsoV assist in starting it on its outward trip when the drums 35 and- 38 have been reversed.` A

i When a sufcient accumulation of earth has been deposited in the car, and while the scraper is moving away after having deposited its load, the car is raised to discharge its contents into the elevatedbunker ready for loading into carts. To accomplish this result the levers 108 and 109 are moved by hand to the left from the neutral position shown, thereby coupling the idle miter gear 97 with the shaft 96. The latter drives the drum 91 through the worm and wheel gear 95, 94 and shaft 92, thns winding up the cable 88 and drawing the car up the inclined tracks to the upper and forward end of the frame. When at the end of its travel the bucket of the car is dumped by engagement of the stud 143 with the tilting guides 142. Thereby the bucket is brought into an upright position and its load is allowed to fall into the bunker 143g. At the same time, or nearly the same time,

the car strikes the shipping lever 125 and pulls on the cable 124, compressing the spring 123 through which the pull of this cable is applied to the shipper levers 108 and 109. When the compression of theo spring exceeds the resistance which opposes initial movement of the clutches and levers, due to their inertia and friction, and to the opposition ofthe spring pressed latch, the levers and clutches are shifted so that the gear 97 is uncoupled trom, and the gear 98 coupled to, the shaft 96. Here it should be understood that the function of the spring 123 is to accumulate energy by compression until the power accumulated is greater than the friotional resistance of the parts acted upon to shifting. The expenditure of this accumulated energy causes the clutches to -be shifted past the neutral position to the other eXtreme position to cause the clutch 103 to be thrown in after the car hasstopped by reason of the clutch 102 having first been disconnected, and avoids any chance of the clutches being stopped in neutral position.

Thereupon the car is compelled to descend' under the pull of gravity. and also the positive action of the motor in unwinding the cable, at a speed permitted by the rate of unwinding. Approaching its normal position of rest the car first actuates the shipper lever 114 by engagement of one of its projections 126 with such lever, thereby throwing the clutch-shitting mechanism into neutral position and disconnecting both clutches. The reason why the projection 126 actuates lever 114 on the descent of the car, but does not actuate it on the ascent, is that the operating end of lever 114 swings in a horizontal plane while the car and its projection travel on an inclined plane. That is, the direction of movement of the lever is oblique to the'path of movementl of the projection 126, and when the clutch `shitting mechalnisIn is in the position for causing the winding drum to raise the car, lever 114 is moved away from the guideway out of the path of the projection I126, but after the shifting mechanism has been moved to reverse the direction of drive of the drum, lever 114 is brought near to the plane of the guideway and into the path otprojection 126. limmediately thereafter the stirrup 138 catches the hook on .rod 136 and applies the brake strap 135 to the brake drum 130., thereby bringing the car to rest and preventing turther unreeling of the cable bv checking the momentum of the cable drum 91. A guard rail 142? is provided, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18, to steadv the bucket of the car, and lforreturning it after having dumped its The earth dumped into the bunker 1438L is held there until a suicient quantity has accumulated to load the carts for carrying it away, or until empty carts for this purpose are available. Then the brake 155 which was previously tightened is released and the doors opened enough to discharge a load into a cart which has been placed beneath them. When the bunker is empty the doors swing-shut automatically through the pull to close the doors before the bunker has been completely emptied, the hand wheel 159a which also is secured to the shaft 150 is operated for that, purpose.

The apparatus hereinbefore described is effective for making excavations at any desired point, over as great an area as des1red, and to any desired depth, and in s ecurmg results with great economy, particularly when the earth must be .loaded into carts. As illustrating the economies practicable I may state that in the machine here lllustrated the scraper load is one-half a yard, and that if the stakes by which it 1s guided are set out so that the travel of the scraper is fifty feet or less each way, a scraper load can be taken up every thirty seconds. The car makes a round trip up and back in thirty seconds, making it possi le therefore to Vdeosit two loads in the bunker every minute. ith a bunker having a capacity of two cubic yards, which is that of the ordinary two-horse cart, a load for the cart can be accumulated in about twominutes. The

" driver need not leave his seat when the cart is loaded, since the operator of the machine controls the discharge of the earth from the bunker to the cart. This may be e'ected instantaneously or gradually as desired. Only two men are required to handle the machine, one controlling the hoisting and hauling mechanism, and the other attending to the scraper. A saving of 25 percent. or more over the old method employi horsedrawn Scrapers or men with shovels 1s eected with this invention. It is to be under` stood that the above figures are given for illustration only, and are not intended to be taken as limitations. in the sizes or capacities of any of the parts, or of the rate of operapasses through a bail 171 fastened to the pulley block 43 and a tackle 172 passes from the latter to the stake 45. By lengthening or shortening this tackle, or substituting another of different length, the block may be placed at any point between the stakes, without shifting the latter, and thus the scraper may make a fan-shaped excavation while the machine remains at one point. In Fig. 10 I have illustrated a means by which the adjustable block 43 may be shifted to any point between the stakes under the control of the operator on the machine. For this purpose, instead of the tackle 17 2, there is provided a cable 173 connected to the block 43 which passes through a block 174 attached to the stake 45, thence around the blocks 44, 41, 39a and. 38al .to a drum 175. The blocks last named correspond to those designated 42,

. 41, 39 and 38Il in Figs. 1 and 2, the only difference being that they are double instead of single, and guide not only the cable last de' scribed, but also the cable 37 by which the scraper is drawn back from the machine.

The winding drum 175 to which cable 173 is connected is similar to the'drums 35 and 38 previously described, and is mounted beside and forward of the drum 38. It is loosely mounted upon 1its shaft and provided with` a clutch like that of the drum 35 previously described, consisting of two members, one of which is provided with gear teeth meshing with the teeth on the driving clutch'member 46 of the drum 38, being positively actuated thereby. Means similar to that employed for throwing in the clutches of the drums 35 and 38, or any other suitable means for this purpose, are provided for making the drum 17 5 operative when it is desired to take up the cable 173 and Shia the guide block 43 from a point near the stake 44 toward thev other stake 4 5. A brake 176 is provided in connection with the drum 17 5 to prevent shifting of the ide block 43,

under the pull ofcable 37. 'n all other rev spects the machine when equipped with this device for changing thescraper ath is exactly as previously described. his means for shiftlng the lines in which the scraper travels enables the machine to operate equally well, whether the ground to be eX- cavated is dry or is covered with water.

The machine may be moved like any horse-drawn vehicle from place to p lace, or it may be shifted laterally for the purpose of widening an excavation by supporting its wheels upon cradles, one of Which-is shown in Fig. 5 and consists of a fra-me having bars 190 on which the rim of the wheel rests, cross pieces 191 {ianking therim, and rollers 192 adapted to run on planks 193' which form tracks. When laed Aon these cradles the machine may be auled sidewise.

In order to ralse the rear end of the frame from the ground the cable 22 previously described is pulled upon and thereb it lowers the bar 19, which tilts the secon ary frame 11 and raises the rear end'of the main frame, as shown in Fi 9. For thus hauling upon the cable 22 1t may be attached to `the scraper cable 32, the latterbein then disconnected from the scraper. e apron 160, with the scraper contained therein, may be raised about its pivots into an upright position, also as shown in Fig. 9, the scraper being firmly held between the apron and nacer/ee the bilder arms 76. When all the parts of the machine except the wheels are thus raised clear of the ground, the machine may be drawn by horses, or may be loaded upon a fiat car for long distance transportation.

ln order to reduce. the' height of the machine when thus loaded upon the car so that it may pass under bridges, etc., l make the frame in two parts hinged together at 195 just forward of the front axle supports 8. The forward part of the frame carrying the bunker may be swung about this hinge into the position shown-by full lines in Fig. 9, the forward inclinedstruts 17 having been irst disconnected. v rllhe connections between these struts 'and the frame members are made by means of bolts, so that removal of the struts and reconnection thereof may be readily made. djacent'to the hinges 195 are splice plates 196 which are detachably connected with the fixed part of the frame and detachably connectible with the hinged part-thereof, serving to hold the parts of the frame rigidly in ahnement when in operative position, but easily disconnectible when the hinged end is to be lowered.

1. An elevating apparatus comprising, in combination, an inclined guide, a carrier arranged to travel along said guide, driving mechanism for operating said carrier, and

' means operable by the carrier for reversing said driving mechanism at one end of its travel, and for stopping the mechanism at the opposite end of its travel.

2. An elevating apparatus comprising, in combination, an inclined guide, a carrier arranged to travel along said uide, driving mechanism for operating sai carrier, and means operable by the carrier shifting the direction in which said mechanism drives the carrier for controlling said :driving mechanism, and for stopping the drive of sition for interrupting the operation of said mechanism, a trip connected to said shipper and arranged in the path of said car at the upper part of the guideway, adapted to be moved bythe car so as to place the shipper in reversin position, and a second tri connected to t e shipper and arranged 1n the path of the car at the lower part of the guideway to be engaged by the car and place the shipper in neutral position.

c 4. The combination of a rising guideway, "a car arranged to travelthereon, a cable for elevating the car, a drum for winding up said ca e, driving mechanism including oppositely acting shiftable clutches for rotating said drum in opposite directions, a shipper connected to sald clutches, and trips in the path of the car at the upper and lower parts of the guideway connected with saidv shipper and arranged to be moved by the said clutches for shifting them, saidshipper being capable of assuming a position in which neither clutch is operative, a trip connected to said shipper and arranged in such a position as to be moved by the car when the latter reaches'the limit of upward travel for shifting the shipper from the position of elevating to lthat of lowering, and al trip arranged to be engaged by the car at the 'end of its descending travel, connected to the shipper and operable bythe carto place the shipper in the inoperative position.

6. An elevating apparatus comprising a car, hoisting mechanism for the car including a cable, a winding drum, and a disconnectible clutch, a trip engageable by the car at the end of its upward travel for disconnecting said clutch and permitting reversal of the winding drum, a brake connected to saiddrum, and a device for setting said brake arranged to be engaged and operated by the car at the end of its descent to set the brake.

7'. An elevating apparatus comprising a car, a cable for lifting the car, a drum about which said cable is wound, mechanism for actuating said drum, to wind up the cable, including a disconnectible clutch, a device operable by the car at the end ot' lits upward movement for disconnecting vsaid clutch to permit unwinding of the cable from the drum and descent of the car, a brake drum in connection with. the winding drum, a brake strap fastened about said brake drum, a rod connected to said strap and extending to the lowermost position of the car, and means on the car for engaging said rod, whereby the rod is pulled in such a position as to apply the brake.

8. An elevating apparatus comprising'a car,'a cable for lifting the car, a drum about which said cable is wound, mechanism for actuating said drum to wind up the cable, including a disconnectible clutch, a device operable by the car at the end of its upward movement for disconnecting said clutch to permit unwinding of the cable from the drum and descent of the car, a brake car, a cable for li brake and preventing further unwindlng Aof i the cable.

9. An elevatingn apparatus comprising a ing' the car, a drum about which said cable is Wound, mechanism for actuating said drum to wind upl the cable, including a disconnectible clutc a device operable by the car at the end of its upward movement for disconnecting such clutch to permit unwinding of the ca ble from the drum and descent of the car, a brake drum connected with said winding. drum, a strap surrounding said brake drum, a rod con-4 nected to said strap and having a hook arranged in proximity to the car when the latter isl in its lowermost positlon, and a stirrup on the cari arranged to be caught by said hook, whereby the car pulls upon the rod and causes the brake strap to be applied to the brake drum. j

10. In an elevating apparatus ofthe character described, a car, a hoisting drum, a

- cable connected tosaid car and adapted to be wound up by said drum, a driving motor, shiftable connections between said drum and motor whereby the drum may be positively driven in opposite directions, vand means operated by the car at the end of its upward travel constructed to shift said connections and cause reversal of the direction of operation of the drum, and to cause stoppage of the drum at the end of downward travel of the car.

11. In an apparatus of the character described, an elevating car, hoi'stin mechanism for elevating said car, inc uding a cable attached to the car, a device for taking up the cable, a driving motor and shiftable connections between said motor and said l device constructed to cause driving of the device in different directions when in ferent positions, respectively, a shipper for moving said connections, a trip engageable and movable by the car in its upward travel, a yieldable detent opposing shifting of said connections and a connection between said trip and said' shiftable connections, including a power-storin member for accumulating the energy app ied by the car to the trip to an amount suicient to overcome lthe resistance of the detent and insuring movement of the shiftable connections to the extent necessary for securing reversal of drive of the cable take-up device.

12. In an elevating apparatus, the combination of a car, a cable for elevating said car, a cable take-up, oppositely movin drivment, a connection between the trip and clutching device includin a -power-storing member, and a displaceab e detent arranged to resist shifting said clutching means until suicient power has `been accumulated in said member to insure sufficient-movement of the clutching means for reversingl the direction of the take-up.

13. In an apparatus of the character described, an elevating car, a cable, a take-up for said cable,oppositely moving driving elements disconnected from said take-up, clutching means movable in one direction out of connection with one of said devices, and into connectionv with the other, a trip operable by the car, means for interposing non-rigid resistance to movement of said means anda connection between said trip and clutching means, including a spring adapted to yield before overcoming said resistance and shifting the clutching means, and thereby accumulate suiiicient energy to insure sufficient movement of said means to cause connection of the second driving ele ment after disconnection of the first.

14. In an apparatus of the character described, an inclined frame, a box or bunker 15. A machine of the character described comprising an inclined frame, supporting wheels and axles therefor, a rigid support rising from one of said axles and connected non-pivotally to the frame, a secondary frame secured non-pivotally upon the other axle and pivoted to the main frame at a point in rear of the rear axle, a cable connected to a part of the secondary frame in front of the rear axle and passin about a portion of such rigid support, an winding mechanism for pulling upon said cable to separate the frames and thereby raise the rear ends thereof.

16. An apparatus of the character described, comprising an inclined frame, an

axle, a rigid standard mounted upon thel upon which said second frame is securedA non-pivotally, a cable passing from a point l onv the second frame at a distance from its connection with the first frame, about a guide on the standard, and winding mechanism for taking up said cable to separate the frames and thereby raise the lower en of the first frame.

17. In an apparatus of the character de- I scribed, an inclined frame forming a guide* way for an elevating car, said frame being formed inl two parts pivotally connected together, andthe upper part being adapted to swing downward to decrease its height,

and means located wholly below the upper` side ofthe guideway for securing such parts in extended relation.

18. A hoisting mechanism including a rising guideway, a carrier traveling on said guideway, a hoisting drum, a cable leading from the carrier to said drum, a driver, shiftable connections for imparting rotation in respectively opposite directions from the driver to the drum, a detent displaceable against yielding resistance for holding said connections in either of two extreme positions and an intermediate neutral position, a shifter arranged to be operated by the carrier in its travel, and a spring for transmitting motion from Said shifter to said shiftable connections adapted to yield until it has accumulated energy enough to overcome the resistance of the detent, and then to move the connections from one extreme position to the other past the neutral position.

In testimony whereof I have aixed my signature, in presence of two Witnesses.

FREDERCK E. ALLEN.

Witnesses:

GEO. W. AUSTIN, WALTER HUFsCiiMIDfr.

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