US816020A - Guiding means for turbines. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAR. 27, 1906'. H. LEN'I'Z.

GUIDING MEANS FOR TURBINES.

APPLIUATIOH rum) 001211.1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 INVENTQR,

s TQR T PATENEED MAR. 2?, 1906. H. LENTZ. GUIDING MEANS FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 17, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHIFT 2.

W\TNESSE5- LII UNITED STATES PA'IE NT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

satentecl March 27, 1906.

Application filed October 17, 1905. Serial No. 283,092.

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, HUGO LENTZ, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at 10/11 Potsdamersirasse, Berlin, Germany, have invented a new and useful Guiding Means for Steam and Gas Turbines; and I do hereby declare the followin to be a full, clear, and exact description of t to same.

The object of this invention is to provide, in combination with a turbine running-wheel or a succession of such running-wheels, re verse guiding means whereby pressure medium after it has usefully acted upon the paddles of such wheel or succession of wheels shall be again returned to said wheel or site cession to again drive the same.

The im rovcments hereinafter described particular y consist in the location within aguidc-c-hanncl of a reverse guidinq means of one or more fixed blades or the like constitutinq internal partitions wherein the individual threads of steam or other pressure medium are controlled as desired, and, as hereinafter described, wherein the pressure medium is accumulated.

In order to cause the jets of steam or other pressure medium to repeatedly act upon the same wheel or upon a succession of wheels, it has been proposed to employ, especially at both sides of the wheel-rim, canals or chambers arranged in such a way that the steam is repeatedly returned to the runningwheel. The existing or earlier structures employing such canals are not, however, satisfactory. The canals do not confine or direct the jet suiijciently toprevcnt losses by dlflusion, or else are so closed as to not only cause material losses of energy by friction and eddies, but 'ive unfavorable outlets. If the outlets are large. the steam is guided in the canal only upon the im acting walls of the wheel-paddles, while t 0 individual threads of steam are not propcrlv controlled and do not work advantageously upon the wheel. lets are contracted, the steam is chocked or lhrottlcd and the pressure is decreased.

The improvements hereinafter described and shown in the accompanying drawings overcome the defects above recited.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

showing several embodiments of my invention, Figure l is a side view of a turbinewheel, and shows a simple reverse space or a canal, which is open inwardly. Fig. 2 a side view of a turbine-engine employing a if to overcome this the canal-outsingle rte-presenting device according to my improvements. Fig. 3 is a view similar to the previous ones, but showing the re-prcseating canal divided by several partitions. fFig. 4 shows the stream-guiding plates or partitions at the incon'iing end of the rc-preseating canal. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view showing a rte-presenting canal according to my invention provided with discontinuous blades or partitions and with an accumulating-chamber. Figs. 6 and 7 show in section details of single and plural wheel machines provided with the serpentine guideways with 'etguiding blades or partitions as devised y me for repeatedly subj cting the wheel or wheels to the action of the pressure medium. Fi 8 shows diagrammatically the action of t e pressure medium upon a radial wheel, especially when the inven tions illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 are cmplayed.

The re presenting or directing chamber is according to my invention rovided with a plurality of fixed blades 0 any desired length.

As shown in Fig. 2, the running-wheel 0, provided with the impactaddlcs, may pass between a supplv-nozzle and a reprc seating canal, (c In Fig. 1,} wherein a number of fixed blades or partitions (I, shorter than the length .of the reversing or re-preseating canal or chamber, are located. As shdwn in Fig. 3, such partitions or fixed blades may extend entirely through the l length of the rc-presenting canal, thus dividing the same into a plurality of closed reversing or re-prcsentmg channels f. or. is shown in F ig. 4, the re-present'mg canal may contain one or more fixed blades or artitions l g, which entirely extend through t e canal,

and other blades h,-which lie in the canal for only part of its length at the entrance end thereof, for instance. Again, as shown in Fig. 5. blades 1 and k may be fixed in the reresenting; canal at both ends thereof. leaving a free space m between the same. As described hereinafter, this space in may t'ullstitute an accumulating-cl1ambi-r." Rei pcated injections or returns of the pressure medium to the same wheel may be secured Q by providing a serpentinere-prescnt in canal i or continuations oi the guide-way. as shown,

for instance, in Fig. 3.

Especially referring to Fig. 5, it will be seen that the invention may comprise a series iof short curved blades l' ld' It, which like.

turn the ircssure medium in the form of nepl aratenm controlled thrcinlsor etsmtoseparate channels formed between superimposed plates or 'uides, (here indicated by letters t l l l,) which extend one beyond another, so its to directly guide the jets or threads oi the pressure medium to the paddles of the wheel. 1

As shown, the plates Jr and l are not connected, and as a result a chamber m, which I i lug-blades, and a ilurnhty ot' inclined blades,

refer to call an accumnlsting-chamber," is formed between said sets of blades. From this accumulilting-chamber the pressure medium is directed in the form of guide-jets by means of the plates Z directly to the impactgradually narrow from their receiving ends faces of the paddles.

I have found that the emplovmentof separate catching or deflectio blades is and a plu rality of guiding lates not only results in an advantageous i orni of collection-compartf lixed between successive running wheels where two or more are used. 'lhe guiding dev'ces Ir, lr',nnd lc or ui'.\l",orlnu l|,ulo preterably inclined in the direction of rotnthm ol' the wheel. Fig. H shows the guiding of a jet of steam so as to repeatedly strike the paddles of a radial turbine.

What 1 claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, i.s-

t. In a turbine-driven engine, a turbine running-wheel provided with paddles and a guide-canal for rem-b in pressure medium alter it has left sa d wheel and again directing it against the paddles ol the wheel, said guide-canal containing a plurality of catchthe two sets of b ades being separated by a s ace constitutinp n pressiu'eaccumulatiiu, cllamber, and the inclined blades beitn lormcd to provide dischargemssages whic i toward their outlets.

2. in a turbine-engine. turbine runningwheels provided with paddles and a guide-cament or accumulating-chamber and a com- 1 pensatlon torthedfierent and (htl'erentlyd.strtbuted jets of steam or other pressure medium, but also more thoroughly regulates the return Injection or re ntroduction of the pressure medium upon the runmngwheel with j a very uniform distribution.

If the blades or tndmgplates l are made of gradually thic 'er metal or otherwise formed so as to have the passages gradually 1 narrow toward their exit ends, the steam accumulatcs,as it were,in the space of chamber m under increasing pressure in order to return in uniform manner upon the wheel.

The modification of my inventlon which is shown in Figs. 6. 7, and S employs a nozzle ctmtinuation which corresponds to a flat curved serpentine chamber. (see also l'.g..3.)

which re eatedly traverses the running-= wheel I),

ig. G, or running-wheels b and d, F 1g. 7.

As is shown, the serpentine chamber may gradually enlarge toward its exhausti outlet. Referrim to Fi 6. it will be "seen in the serpentine raceway to control and di rect the impact of the steam by dividing the If del nal for receiving pressure medium after it has left said wheel and again directing it against the paddles of the wheel, sad gu de-canal containing a plurality of catching-blades and a plurality of inclined blades, the two sets of blades being separated by a space constituting a iressnre-accumulating chamber, and the inc ined blades being so formed as to provide discbargentssages which have outlets narrower than the body of said was-sages.

:3. In a turbine-engine, a tm-lflnerunningwheel provided with paddles and a guidecanal for receiving )lPSSlll't medium after it has left said wheel and again directing it against the paddles of the wheel, sa d guidecanal containing a plurality of catchingblades and a plurality of inclined blades, the two sets of blades being separated by a space constituting a pressure-neonmulating chamher and the inclined blades being gradnz'illy thickened from their receiving: ends to their d'scharge ends.

In testinnmy whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of that the guidingilefees 1." Ir may be placed two subscribing wit nesscs.

HUGO LEX'IZ. Wit ncsses llnxm' thsrnn. WoLnEw-u: Harm.

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