US811143A - Compressing steel in conical molds. - Google Patents

Description

No. 811,143. PATBNTED JAN. so, 1906.

H. HARMET. GOMPRESSING STEEL IN GONIGAL MOLDS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 7, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

PATENTED JAN. 80, 1906.

H. HARMET. GQMPRESSING STEEL IN GONIOAL MOLDS.

APPLIOATION FILED OCT. 7, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. HARMET.

COMPRESSING STEEL IN GONIGAL MOLDS. APPLIOATIION TIL-ED OOT. 7,1902.

3 SHEBTSSHEET 3.

PATENTED JAN. 30, 1906.

PATENT FFltlEt HENltl lilARMET, ()F ST. ETIENNE, FRANCE.

its. er Lil t3.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 30, 1908.

Application filed October 7, 1902- Sorlal No. 126,294.

siding at St. Etienne, Loire, France, have invented certainnew and useful lm rovements in Com ressing Steel in Conica Molds, of which tlie following is a specification.

The compression of steel as described in my former patent, N o. 679,072,dated July 23, A. D. 1901, in conical molds consists in causing the ingot to advance during solidification in a conical ingot-mold by pushing it from the larger end toward the smaller end. To obtain a ood compression, the advance of the metal cm the base of the conical mold should be such that the resulting reduction in the volume of the ingot is equal to or even greater than the contraction of the metal during the same time. known process of mine of compressing the in got any mechanical means may be adopted by which the ingot can be caused to advance in the conical ingot mold by pushing, its" larger end toward the smaller end of the cone", the advance being such that the reduction of volume of the ingot is at least equal to the contraction of the metal. The mgot molil' may be in any position provided that the ad; vance of the ingot in the cone can be obtained as desired. Any force also may beemployed for producing the advance, suchashydraulic or any other power. In the specification of my former patent, No. 679,072, dated July 23,

190i, and of my application, Serial No.'

99,335, filed March 21,1902, I have described the two most important mechanical arran ements for obtainin the advance to the esired extent when t' c axis of the cone of the ingot mold is vertical, the larger section being at the bottom andthe smaller section at the top. Generally the advance of the ingot in'the cone is obtained by keeping theingotmold approximately stationary and raising by the'press the movable bottom to push the metal in front of it.

In the arrangement I prefer to employ in carrying out the resent invention t c axis of the cone is vert cal and the larger section is at thetop. I have shown this preferred arrangement in the annexed drawings, in which- Figure lis the general sectional elevation of an apparatus embodying main features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section, on a In applying this larger scale, of the in ot-mold; and Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation o' a modified form of the apparatus.

he arrangement of the larger section at the top and the smaller one at the bottom is convenient in certain casesfor very small ingots, for example-the casting being soperformed that the liquid metal or the ingot is carried by its smaller end, which serves as a ciently supported to sustain the metal, but which descends vertically when a heavy pres" sure is placed on the larger end of the ingot. Thecom ression is then effected by submittin the arger end of the ingot to a pressure Sn 7 cient to force it into the cone in a manner similar to that ado ted when the larger end is at the bottom an the smaller end is at the same. hatever may be the arrangement adopted, the operation is according to this in- ,vention continued until the ingot is, completely forced out of the smaller end of the conical ingot-mold, and preferabl this is done with the larger end of the mo d at the top and in two operations, as follows: 'lfhc metal havin been poured into the ingotmold a, the larger, end being at the top and the smallerend resting-on. a base m, which can descend under a' heavy pressure, the larger and of the ingot cis exposed, by means of the ram n of the press A, Fig. l, to the pressurenccessary to cause it to advance in the mold a, write produce a reduction in its volume corresponding to the contraction which takes place during the same time. Atter the first eriod, the metal having a proximately soli ified, the ingot-mold a,w1th the ingot c in it, is taken to another press B, having a ram 0 smaller than the small end of the cone' of the in ot-mold, and the ingot, which has already so idified, is then further made to advance in the cone until it is forced out at the smaller-end, which is left open, the ingot mold a during this period being heldtightly laterally by any mechanical means and secured by locking.

When making very light ingots, of which the solidification is almost instantaneous, the two operations ma filling the ingotmo d with its smaller end at the bottom when resting on the plane surface of a metallic block, lifting it immediate-l with the ingot in it, carrying it while hol ing it base and rests on a movable bottom sufli top, the rinciple of. operation remaining the be combined into one,

vertically'to a press similar to the ress B in Fig. 1, where it is seized laterally, t e smaller end being free andstill directed downward, and, last, causing a mechanicalor hydraulic ram to descend onto the larger end and advance themetal and force it out of the smaller end of the cone.

In order to mechanically and rapidly force small ingots into and through conical molds, I have devised the arran ement of ingotmold shown in Fig. 2, whic is more partlcularly adapted for use when the complete operation is condensed in one eriod. The ingotmold a, which is made s ightly conical both inwardly and outwardly and strengthened b hoops b, is provided at the bottom with a co lar f, by means of which it is centered on a lower portion or hollow block (1, fixed to the foundation 6 of the press, which serves to force the ingot out through the smaller end of the mold a. The orifice of the block dis cylindrical at the portion g, which forms a prolongation of the ingot-mold and is of the same diameter as its lower base. It is then made conical at h and terminates in a c lindrica portion i. When it is desired to orce the ingots 0 into and throu h the mold in a single operation, the conica ingot-mold a is first placed upon a fiat metal bottom for the purpose of. casting. When it'has received the steel which forms the ingot c, it is rapidly placed upon the block (1, fixed to the foundation e of the press C, Fig. 3. The in ot-mold being thus arranged on-the block (1, t e ram t, actuated by the cylinder p of the press C, is lowered onto the upper face of the ingot c, which is still in a great measure fluid. The ram causes the metal to pass from the large end of the in ot-mold toward the small end and toward t e block in which the compression is carried out. In order to cool the ingot directly after compression and in order to revent swelling, water or steam is brought into contact with the metal. The water or steam asses under ressure into the block throu the nozzle 7 and into the annular pipe from whence it asses through the pipe Zinto the central ori ea.

In place of causing the ram of the press to act until the in 0t passes completely out through the smal end of the in ot-mold it may be stopped a little prior to t 's and the ingot thus compressed taken out throu h the top by pushing it mechanically from elow by any suitable means, such as a push-back ram s, Fig. 3, of a diameter smaller than that of the narrowest partof the block d or the mold a. It is above all of importance in this case to prevent swelling, which would render the return of the ingot very difficult.

Having thus described the nature'and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to-secure by Letters Patent, is

-1. In an apparatus of the character described, a vertical ingot-mold having a slightly conical cavity, means forming the continuation for the smaller end of said mold at the base and wherein an ingot is ada ted'to be solidified b compression when orced out through sai mold and the means forming the continuation of the smaller end of said mold.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, a slightly frusto-conical ingot-mold, ahollow block arranged adjacent to and formin the continuation for the smaller end of said ingot-mold, and the hollow ortion of said block having successive cylin rical frusto-conical and cylindrical portions.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, a vertical ingot-mold having a slightly conical cavity, the smaller diameter of which is at the base of the mold, a hollow block for centering and supporting the mold at its base having a highly conical portion located between two cylindrical portions, forming the continuation of the cavity of the mold to still further compress and to solidify the ingot when forced out of the cavity of the mold into and through said hollow block.

4 In an apparatus of the character described, a slightly frusto-conical ingot-mold, a hollow block arranged adjacent to and forming the continuation for the smaller end of said ingot-mold, the hollow portion of said block having successive cylindrical frustoconical and cylindrical portions, to further compress the in 0t forced through the successive portions 0 said block, in combination with means for circulating a cooling medium in said block during passage of the ingot therethrough.

5. In an apparatus of the character described, a slightly frusto-conical ingot-mold for solidifying an ingot by compression, a hollow block arranged adjacent to and forming the continuation for the smaller end of said ingot-mold, the hollow portion of said block having successive frusto-conical and cylindrical ortions to further compress the ingot when orced into and through said block, in combination with means for circulating a cooling medium in said block during the assage of the ingot therethrough, and pus iing of the ingot backthrough said block.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscriblng witnesses. I

HENRI HARMET.

Witnesses HASTINGS BURROUGHS, J. BEARLET.

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