US808244A

US808244A - Gas-producer.

Info

Publication number: US808244A
Application number: US14882603A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ernst Koerting
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1903-03-21
Filing date: 1903-03-21
Publication date: 1905-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 1922-12-26

Description

No. 808,244. PATENTED DEG. 1905.

E. KORTING. 26

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.21, 190s ERNST KCRTING, OF HANOVER, GERMANY. i

GAS-PRODUCER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 26, 1905.

Application filed March 21,1908, Serial No- 148,826.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNsT K6RTING, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, whose post-office address is No. 2 Alleestrasse, Hanover, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented a new and useful Gas-Producer, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of gasproducers in which the front side of the producing-chamber is formed by a vertical grate composed of horizontal bars, so that the fuel to be gasified is furnished with air in horizontal direction. It consists in the improvements hereinafter fully described and by which the producer is enabled to do its work in a more perfect manner than heretofore, especially with bituminous fuel.

The principal feature of my invention consists in that the exit-opening for the gases produced, which is provided in the rear wall of the producing-chamber, is located below the horizontal middle plane of the vertical grate and that in combination with this location of said opening the supply-shaft is constructed as a vertical continuation or extension of the producing-chamber proper. The result of this arrangement is that the fuel prior to its arrival in the producing-chamber is subject to distillation by radiation and transmission of heat from the incandescent mass of fuel and that the vapors and gases resulting from this preparatory distillation are caused to pass in downward direction through the incandescent body of fuel beneath, whereby they are perfectly reduced to carbonic oxid and hydrogen, and as the same direction is impressed upon the gases generated from the fuel contained in the producing-chamber proper the transformation of the fuel into producer-gas is much improved. l/Viththis location of the outletfor the gases and construction of the supply-shaft as a vertical extension of the producing chamber means are combined whereby the producer is adapted for use with bituminous fuel, these means consisting in the provision of an additional or auxiliary vertical grate in one of the walls at a suitable level above the grate in the front wall or main grate and communicating with a special air-supply, an internal open gaschamber in said level to receive the gases and vapors generated in the zone of said auxiliary grate, and a channel passing down along that side of the chamber which is opposite the auxiliary grate and opening above the main grate, so that the vapors and gases generated in the zone of the auxiliary grate are conducted into the incandescent fuel, where the latter is supplied with air, and consequently is hottest. With this arrangement when small-grained bituminous fuel is to be gasified an auxiliary air-supply is provided below the gas-outlet to burn the residual carbon contained in the ash.

On the annexed sheet of'drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical central section of a producer, showing my invention in its simplest form to be used with uninfiammable fuel or splintcoal. Fig. 2 is a similar section through a producer for gasifying bituminous fuel; Fig. 3, a like section showing a modification of the producer, Fig. 2; and Fig. 4, a like section through a producer for gasifying smallgrained bituminous fuel.

In all figures identical letters are used for denoting corresponding parts.

Referring to Fig. 1, a is the producingchamber; b, the supply-shaft, so constructed as to form a vertical extension of said chamber; c, the vertical grate in the front wall, and d the inlet for the combustion-air opening into a box 6, located in front of the grate and provided with a door f. As shown, the rear wall gof the producing-chamber is sloped downward and at its lower end is located the opening 72,, through which the producingchamber communicates with a chamber i, closed at the front by a door 7c and communicating at the rear with a channel Z, extending upward along the rear wall of the producingchamber a. Below the opening h is arranged a horizontal plate m to receive the ashes. As shown by arrows, the gases produced pass down through the incandescent column, and as this extends through the opening h a longer period of contact with the incandescent fuel and air is secured. Finally, the gases pass through opening it into chamber at and from thence through the channel Z into a collector or to the place of consumption. In order to regulate the-depth to which the combustionair shall be led into the fuel, some or all of the grate-bars, which in producers of this kind are in the shape of plates, are constructed with two superposed side wings n and an intermediary sliding-plate n, as shown in connection with the lower grate-bars. Moreover, the proportion of air penetrating through each horizontal section of the grate is rendered adjustable by providing for each such section a flap or damper 0. The construc- ICC tion of the producing-chamber with a sloped rear wall is especially intended for use with producers in which unequallygrained fuel or coal is to be treated, the sloping of the rear wall having the effect of allowing the smaller grains to better collect as a thin layer in the lower portion of the producing-chamber.

In the producer shown in Fig. 2, which is intended for use with bituminous fuel, an

auxiliary vertical grate p, composed of hori-' zontal. plate-like bars, is provided in the rear wall of the producing-chamber at a distance above the main grate c in the front wall, and air is conducted to this auxiliary grate through a special supply-channel Between the grates c and p a transverse wall r is built in, so as to provide an internal gas-chamber s for receiving the vapors and gases generated in the sphere of the auxiliary grate, and a channel t, descending from said gas-chamber along the inner side of the front wall and opening into the producing-chamber at the upper end of the main grate c. The distance between the two grates c and p is so calculated that the vapors and gases which are produced in a large proportion in the upper portion of the producing-chamber or sphere of the auxiliary grate and which principally consist in heavy hydrocarbons and. water are prevented fromdirectlypassingdownthrough the fuel beneath to reach the exit-opening h, but are caused to pass into the chamber 8 and through the channel t into the incandescent fuel at the upper end of the main grate, so that they meet said fuel at the place where the combustion-air is admitted. With this construction it is preferred to subdivide the exit-opening? in sections by parallelly-superposed plates u.

Fig. 3 shows a modification in which the upper or auxiliary grate p and its air-supply channel g are located in the front wall, and consequently the transverse wall 1" is placed in front of the rear wall, so that the channel t extends along the inner side of the rear wall and opens at a distance above the gas-outlet 7t. With this construction I prefer to use a transverse wall 1", having smaller dimensions than that shown in Fig. 2, or no such trans verse wall at all.

In case of small-grained bituminous fuel part of its carbon will be left unburned and thrown away with the ashes. To avoid this waste, I prefer to provide in addition to the auxiliary grate p a further supply of air at a point below the gas-outlet, so that air may be caused to pass through the ashes and to burn the residual carbon contained therein. This is shown in Fig. 4. As seen in this figure, the single ash-plate m is replaced by three platestwo upper ones, m m, placed at the same level, so as to leave a free space between them, and a third one, m located below said free space, so that a kind of grate is formed to which air is admitted through a special supply-channel 1), opening into the chamber 1'. The air admitted through channel a; is sucked into and through the body of incandescent ashes and burns the residual carbon, and the gases thus produced unite with the gases passing from chamber a through upper opening it into the eduction channel Z.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a gas-producer the combination, with the producing-chamber, of the vertical grate in the front wall thereof and the opening for admitting air to the grate, a gas-outlet located entirely below the horizontal middle plane of the grate, and a supply-shaft constructed as an upward extension of the producing-chamber and closed to prevent the entrance of air to the top of the bed of fuel, substantially as and for the purpose stated.

2. In a gas-producer, the combination, with the producing-chamber, the vertical grate in the front wall thereof, the opening for admitting air to the grate, the gas-outlet located entirely below the middle plane of the above grate, and the supply-shaft constructed as an upward extension of the producing-chamber, of an auxiliary vertical grate located near the top of the producing-chamber and entirely above the plane of the top of the front grate, and an air-supply channel for said auxiliary grate, substantially as and for the purpose stated.

3. In a gas-producer the combination, with the producing-ohamber, the vertical grate in the front wall thereof, the opening for admitting air to the grate, the gas-outlet located below the middle plane of the above grate, and the supply-shaft constructed as an upward extension of the producing-chamber, of an auxiliary vertical grate located near the top of the producing-chamber, an air-supply channel for said auxiliary grate, an internal open gas-chamber located opposite the auxiliary grate, and a channel extending downward from said gas-chamber and opening to the producing-chamber at a point near the plane of the top of the front grate, ,substantially as and for the purpose stated.

4. In a gas-producer the combination, with the producing-chamber, the vertical grate in the front wall thereof, the opening for admitting air to the grate, the gas-outlet located below the middle plane of the front grate and the supply-shaft constructed as an upward extension of the producing-chamber, of an auxiliary vertical grate located in the rear wall of the producer entirely above the front grate, and an opening for admitting air to the said auxiliary grate, substantially as and for the purpose stated.

5. In a gas-producer the combination, with the producing-chamber, the vertical grate in the front wall thereof, the opening for admit- IIO ting air to the rate, the gas-outlet located below the midd e plane of the front grate, and the supply-shaft constructed as an upward extension of the producing-chamber, of an auxiliary vertical grate located in the rear wall of the producer a distance above the front grate, an opening for admitting air to the auxiliary grate, an upper open gas-chamber located within the producer opposite the auxiliary grate, and a channel extending from said gas-chamber along the inner side of the front wall of the producer to a point above the front grate, substantially as and for the purpose stated. 1

6. In a gas-producer the combination with the producing-chamber, the vertical grate in the front thereof, the opening for admitting air to the grate, the gas-outlet located below the middle plane of the grate, and the supply-shaft constructed to form an upward eX- tension of the producing-chamber, of an auxiliary vertical grate located entirely above the plane of the top of the front grate, an opening for admitting air to the auxiliary grate, and an opening for admitting air below the gas-outlet, substantially as and for the purpose stated.

7. In a gas-producer the combination, with the producing-chamber, the vertical grate in e ERNST KGRTING.

Witnesses LEONORE RAsoH, O. O. STEVENSON.