US1228475A - Vertical bench. - Google Patents

Description

P. PLANTINGA. A VERT BENCH.

APPLICATION D IULY l2. 1915.

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P. PLANTINGA.

VERTICAL BENCH.

, APPLICATION flLED1uLY12,1915.

112281475' Patented June 5, 1917.

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P. PLANTINGA.

VERTICAL BENCH.

APPLICATION HLED1uLY12.19|5.

1,228,475. Patented June 5, 19W.

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APPLICATION FILED IULY I2. 1915.

1,228,475 Patented June 5, 1917.

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wyw? l? IW @NTT STATES PIERRE PLANTINGA, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

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To all r07mm t may concern.'

Be it known that T, PIERRE PLANTINGA, a citizen of the United States, resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful lmprovement in Vertical Benches, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention relates to gas making apparatus and particularly to that class of apparatus usually referred to in the art as vertical benches.

The object of the invention is to providel an apparatus of the above described character which will be economical of construction and eflicient in its operation.

The said invention consists of means here` inafter fully described and particularly set forth in the claims.

The annexed drawings and the following description set forth in detail certain means embodying my invention, the disclosed means, however, constituting but one of various mechanical forms in which the princi# ple of the invention may be applied.

In said annexed drawings Figure l represents a 'vertical transverse section of a vertical bench embodying my invention and taken upon a plane passing axially through the waste-gas ducts, `said plane of section being indicated by lines I--I in Fig. 3, and the direction in which the view is taken being indicated by the arrows adjacent to said line. j

Fig. 2 repersents a transverse axial section passing through the axes of the producer-gas ducts, the plane upon which said section is taken being indicated `by y lines IT--IT in Fig. 3, and the direction in which the section is viewed being indicated by the arrows adjacent to said line.

Fig. 3 represents a vertical longitudinal section taken upon the/planes indicated by lines III-ITI in Fig. 2, said sections being viewed in the direction indicated by the arrows adjacent to `said lines.

Fig. 4; represents a transverse vertical section taken upon the planes indicated by line IV--TV in Fig. 2 and viewed in the direetion indicated by the arrows.

Fig. 5 represents two horizontal sections, the upper half of said figure representing a y section taken upon the horizontal plane indin1 Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J une 5, 19T?. 1915. serial No. 39,277.

dicated by a line VHV in Fig. 3 and viewed in the direction indicated by the arrows adjacent thereto. The lower half of said figure represents a horizontal section takenl upon the planes indicated by lines V-V in Fig. 3 and viewed in the direction indicated by the arrows adjacent thereto.

Fig.` 6 represents a horizontal section taken pon the plane indicated by line VT--VI in Fig. 7 represents a horizontal section taken upon a line VIT-VII in Fig. 3.

The illustrated embodiment of my invention comprises a peculiar arrangement of partshereinafter fully described and forming a unitary or integral masonry structure made out of materials of any usual or commonly accepted and proper character.

The illustrations are more or less diagrammatic, in-that many detail parts such as obviouslyneeessary valves for controlling various parts and ducts, are omitted for simplification, the required and proper use and introduction of these omitted parts all being well understood by those skilled in the art.

This masonry structure forms a gas producer l, provided with a grate 2, Fig. l, beneath which is the ash pit 3, suitable openings 4 and 5 being provided for giving access from the front of the structure to the lower part of the furnace and to the ash pit, yas will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

Communicating with the atmosphere and vat the front of the furnace, are two ducts 6, 6, which discharge, as shown in Fig. 3, into thefurnace below the grate bars. Through these ducts primary air and steam are intro duced in the usual manner.

Communicating with the top of the producer, is ay charging opening 7, Fig. 1,'and also communicating with such top of the producer are two producer gas- outlet ducts 8, 8, Fig. 2. As shown, these ducts extend laterally and then downwardly, joining be neath the producer. YFrom this point the duct is divided into branches 8', 8, these branches being six in number in the device illustrated. These vbranches extend rearwardly and discharge into the lower part of an oven 10, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. This oven contains a plurality of vertical gas retorts 11, the specic structure of which forms no part of my present invention. Suitable ducts 12, 12, pierce the front wall of the apparatus, opposite the branch ducts 8, respectively, through which access to the outer ends of the latter may be obtained for any desired purpose, as will be readily understood.

As shown in Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5, two vertical ducts 13, 18, are provided which are located laterally of the yproducer and whose upper ends communicate at 14 with the upper portion of the sides of the said oven.v An upper horizontal duct 15 is also provided which communicates with the ducts 13, and additional ducts 15 afford communication between duct 15 and the interior of the oven, the number of points of communication between the latter and the duct 13 being six in the illustrated structure.

The lower end of each of the two ducts 13 discharges at 16, Figs. 3 and 4, into a space 17 immediately below the branch ducts 8 and the producer, as is also shown in Fig. 1. Each of these spaces 17 is located above a recuperator 18, each of these recuperators being `of identical construction and consisting of vertical air boxes 19, of usual construction, and spaced from each other by ducts 20 constructed in any usual or accepted manner. Each of these air boxes, which are three in number in each recuperator in the illustrated structure, communicates at the front of the structure with the atmosphere, as shown at 20. The

space 21 below the air box communicates with the gas ducts of the recuperator and connects with a flue duct 22 which is connected with the stack (not shown).

The upper ends of the air boxes of each recuperator communicate with a transverse rear duct 23, Fig. 6, and communicating with the upper part of this transverse duct, are three air-discharge ducts 24, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. These six discharge ducts 24 communicate with the branch gas ducts 8', as shown, in this way permitting the introduction of secondary air into the said ducts 8 for the purposes of combusltion, as will be readily understood.

The above-described apparatus operates as follows The producer and retorts being properly charged and the fuel in the producer having been ignited, primary air and steam are blown in in the usual manner and producer gas is formed. This gas passes upwardly through practically the entire charge of the producer, by reason of the peculiar location of the discharge outlets for the producer gas. This arrangement brings into active operation, practically the entire active section of the producer furnace, thus economizing in fuel and increasing the lamount of gasification. I have also found that with this. arrangement, the production of large clinkers is prevented. yThe combustion of the fuel in theproducer is conducted also in a comparatively uniform manner so that a bed of ashes of uniform thickness is formed over the grate bars. This result permits the use of a shaking grate, if such use is found to be desirable, although for the purposes of illustration merely, I have shown ordinary grate bars.

This producer gas passes through the producer gas conduits 8 and in so doing passes through the six branch ducts 8 near the end of which it unites with the secondary air and is burned to I.produce the heat necessary to heat the interior of the oven and distil the coal in the retorts 11.

The gases of combustion after having passed upwardly in the oven, then pass out through the openings 15 and then out through the vertical ducts 13 from the bottom of which the gases discharge into the spaces 17 from whence they pass through the gas ducts 2O of the recuperator and then out through the stack. Coincidentally with such passage of the waste gases, the secondary air enters the air boxes 19 of the recuperator and passes upwardly and is discharged through the ducts 24. In so passing upwardly, this secondary air is heated before being burned with the producer gas, thus contributing in the well known manner to the economy of operation.

It will be observed, however, that the recuperating portion of the device is set entirely below the horizontal plane which passes through the Zone of combustion of the secondary air and producer gas. This arrangement permits the secondary air to be delivered under a slight pressure atmospheric in character, whereas in previous structures, in so far as I am aware, the arrangement of flues and ducts is such that the secondary air is delivered under a pressure slightly less than atmospheric. This condition of pressure greater than atmospheric pressure being present, therefore, throughout the recuperator portion of the structure, prevents leakage of air into same, thus also contributing to the economy of operation, as will be readily understood.

It will also be noted that the producer and the oven are separated substantially entirely by a ductless and hence solid wall, the lateral arrangement of the discharge ducts for the waste gases contributing to this result. There are, therefore no waste spaces between the producer and oven, and liability of leakage is therefore reduced at this point to a minimum.

In the above-described manner, therefore, I produce a vertical bench construction which is compact in form, in which there is a minimum of open spaces, in which all the various main elements, namely, the producer, the oven and the recuperator, are arranged ina manner such as to produce compactness and hence economy of construction, in which the-various conduits and ducts are so arranged as to prevent to the greatest degree, any leakage, and in which the means for heating the secondary air is such as will produce a delivery of such air at a pressure above that of atmosphere, which latter arrangement also contributes further to the prevention of leakage,

Having fully described my invention, what l claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is Y 1. In a vertical bench, the combination of a gas producer, an oven adjacent to said producer, a gas conduit leading' from the upper part of said producer, and downward to the lower part of the oven, a conduit for leading` secondary air to said gas conduit, a recuperator situated below the level of the oven, and a conduit leading from the upper part of the oven downward and through the re cuperator to a stack.

2. In a Vertical bench, in combination, a gas producer, an oven adjacent thereto, a recuperator below the producer and oven, a

gas conduit leading from the upper part of the producer to the lower part of the oven, a secondary air supply means leading through the recuperator to said gas conduit and discharging in the Vicinity of its entrance into the oven, and a conduit leading from the upper part of the oven downward through the wall of the producer and through the recuperator to hea-tithe air passing through the recuperator. 3. In a Vertical bench, in combination, a gas producer, an oven beside said producer, a recuperator below said producer and oven, all constituting an integral masonry structure, gas conduits in said structure leading from the top of the producer t0 the bottom of the oven, conduits in said structure leading from the top of the oven downward and through the recuperator, and air conduits in the recuperator leading to the discharge ends of the gas conduits.

Signed by me, this th day of June, 1915.

PIERRE PLANTINGA.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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