US807057A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED DEC. 12, 1905 J. P. BRADY.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1004. RENEWED MAY 15, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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No. 807,057, PATENTED DEC. 12, 1905. J. F. BRADY.

STEAM TURBINE.

,APPLIOATIdN FILED SEPT.J.2. 1904. RENEWED MAY 15, 1905.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET z.

W'ITEJESSES:

2 UNITED "STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

JOHN F. BRADY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1905.

Application filed September 12, 1904. Renewed May 15, 1905. Serial No. 260,589.

1 '0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN F. BRADY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago,

in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Steam-Turbine, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to steam-turbines} vided with a number of'separated rings of projecting vanes, of which the rings ofvanes of one wheel are so disposed relative to the adjacent rings of vanes of the other wheel that oppositely-disposed vanes may revolve in substantially the same plane, annular space, or zone; but one wheel with its vanes revolves in an opposite direction to the other wheel and its vanes, and on account of the forms of the opposing faces of the wheels the opposing vanes have a greater length at the peripheral portions of the wheels than at the central portions, so that steam at high pressure admitted to an axial circular interspace or steam-receptacle between the wheels, having outwardlyleading peripheral passageways for steam, will permit the latter to quickly expand and by virtue of impact and reaction serve to revolve the wheels in o posite directions, as is hereinafter more fully described, the same being illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an axial section of the operative parts except a portion of one end of the solid shaft, upon which one of the vane-wheels is mounted, the supporting -frame and shaftboxes, steam-shaft packings, and other parts being all shown in a vertical section. Figs. 2 and 3 are side elevations of the opposing vane-Wheels without the vanes, each wheel having a short portion of shaft attached there'- to, an axial portion of Fig. 3 being shown broken away to illustrate an axial depression adapted to receive the axial steam-receptacle projecting from the opposing face of the wheel in Fig. 2, the normal position of the receptacle being illustrated in Fig. 1. Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are side elevations and axial sections of the vane-wheels without the vanes,

to illustrate several modifications of the form of the interspace between the vanewheels adapted to give results similar to the form of the interspace shown in Fig; 1. Fig.

9 shows an elevation of part of the face of one of the vane-wheels, including several vanes, and also three other vanes in cross-section, which latter are so disposed to clearly illustrate the relative disposition of the vanes of the opposing wheel, the arrows indicating the outward course of the centrallyadmitted current of steam for operating the vanes in opposite directions. Fig. 10 is an enlarged side elevation of three of the vanes shown in Fig. 2, to illustrate manner of attaching to the wheels, of which latter portions of each are shown in section. Fig. 1 l is a face elevation of a wheel similar to one shown in section in Figs. 1 and 2, having one side portion broken away and the space showing arrows to indicate the reverse motion of the alternate rows of vanes, the vanes of the opposing wheel being shown in cross-section in the relative position they are fitted to occupy. Fig. 11 also shows the central steam-receptacle having a cylindrical form, with the end or head thereof of concavo-convex cross-section, as seen in Fig. 1, the receptacle in Fig. 11 showing a peripheral side portion broken away to plainly show the tangentiallydisposed outwardlyleading passageways for steam directed against the concave face of the first axial circle of vanes of the opposite wheel, which vanes are shown in crosssection. Fig. 12 is a front elevation to illustrate a short section of a vane-base with the vane made integral therewith. Fig. 13 is a side elevation of two vanes, shown with their bases mounted in the side of the wheel.

Similar numerals indicate like parts throughout the several views.

The frame 1 is provided with ournal-boxes, in which are coaxially mounted two shafts 2 and 3. At the inner end of shaft 2 is secured a wheel 4, and at the inner end of shaft 3 is secured a wheel 5, the wheels being separated sufiiciently so that an interspace is formed.- Secured to wheel 4, surrounding the axial portion thereof, is a steam-receptacle 6, having in this instance a concavo-convex head 7 and a peripheral series of tangential passage-ways 8 leading outwardly from the interior, as shown. There is an axial passageway 9 through part of the length of shaft 2,

lines, the concave faces of the vanes of one wheel subtending an angle to that of the vanes of the opposite wheel when in the position shown in Fig. 1, and is indicated in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, so that, as before stated, the oppositely-disposed rings of vanes of one wheel may revolve in practically the same plane as the rings of vanes of the opposing wheel, but each revolving in an opposite direction to the other.

In this instance to attain the best results in the use of steam of comparatively high pressure and superheated, the faces of disks 2 and 3 are so formed that they are not parallel from the axial to the peripheral portion, but the interspace is wider at the peripheral than at the axial portion to permit the steam to expand very rapidly in order to attain.

high results by the impact thereof successively against the opposing vanes in its outward passa e. In Figs. 4 and 5 it is obvious that a simllar result in steam expansion is produced when the disks 14 and 15 are planes and the opposing disks 16 and 17 are either conical or convex in outline. Also a similar result is attained in the opposing convex disks 18 and 19 in Fi 6 and in the opposin concave and convex ' sks 20, 21, and 22 and central portion than'is shown in Fig. 1 and yet attain a desirable result in transferring motion to the disks.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a steam-turbine havin vane-wheels mounted with side faces thereo in proximity and forming an interspace, a steam-inlet at the central portion of the interspace, opposing sets of vanes projecting from the opposite wheels into the interspace, the latter bein wider at the peripheral than at the centra portion, for the purpose stated.

2. In a steam-turbine havin vane-wheels mounted with side faces thereof in proximity and-forming an interspace, a passage-way for steam leading into the interspace at the axial- -portion of the wheels, opposing sets of vanes projecting from the opposite wheels into the interspace, the interspace wider and the vanes longer at the peripheral than at the axial portions of-the opposing wheels, for the purpose stated.

3. In a steam-turbine having vane-wheels mounted upon separate revoluble shafts, the vane-wheels having side faces disposed in close proximity and forming an interspace; opposing sets of vanes projecting from the opposite wheels into the interspace, an axial steam-receptacle connected with one of the vane-wheels outside of the shaft upon which this wheel is mounted, the receptacle provided with peripheral passage-ways, and the shaft around which the receptacle is mounted provided with a passage way leading to a steam-supply and into the axial receptacle.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' JOHN F. BRADY Witnesses:

OSCAR SNELL, E. J. MoOARTY.

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