US797420A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED AUG. 15, 1905.

y H. B. PEBIGER.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 0912.15. 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED AUG. 15, 1905.

H. B. PEBGER.

PIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED 001215, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Pneus. wnsmwemN D c PATENTED AUG. 15, 1905. H. B. PBBIGER.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED oGT.15. 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Snowdon fw/; 2, j

LMI/MMV Annnuv. B Gamm or), Puumummzmvwms. wAnnmanzm` D. c.

ai i UNITED s'rATEs .ii-LATEYNT oEEIoE.

Speecaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1905.

Application filed October 15, 1904. Serial No. 228,616.

To all whmn it muy concern.'

Be it known that I,HENRY B. FEBIGER, a citi- Zen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Firearm, of which the following is aspecication.

My invention relates to an improvement in explosion or recoil firearms; and it consists of a rigid barrel and a movable chamber adapted to receive the cartridge.

It further consists of means for locking said chamber with respect to the firing means.

It further consists of means for preventing the operation of the ring means until the parts and the cartridge are in proper position for firing. 4

It further consists of a breech-block carrying the firing means, which isadapted to be thrown back by the explosion, and means for locking the breech-block in its rearmost position.

It further consists of means for releasing the breech-block, said means being operated by the chamber.

It further consists of a bolt for locking the block to the chamber and of means for holding said bolt in position.

It further consists of a lifter for the oartridge and means for operating the same.

It further consists of novel features of construction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional view of a portion of a firearm embodying my invention and showing the barrel disengaged, the tiring-pin in its rear position, and a cartridge inserted in the chamber. Fig. 2 represents a sectional view of a portion of the device, showing the breech-block and chamber in their rearmost position and the block locked back. Fig. 3 represents a sectional view of'a portion of the device, showing the chamber in its forward position, the lockinglever` and a portion of the 'recoil spring. Fig. 4 represents a portion of the device, showing the safety-bolt for the trigger. Fig. 5 represents a sectional view of `a portion of the device, showing the block and cham loer in their rearmost position with the yoke and recoil-spring for operating the chamber. Fig. 6 represents a sectional view of a portion of the device, showing the chamber at nearly its forward position andthe block locked in its rearmost position, exposing the shell for ejection. Fig. 7 represents a perspective View of the chamber and extension in detached position. Figs. 8 and 9 represent perspective views of a screw-spring and friction-brake employed. Figs. 10 and 11 represent a sectional view of a portion of the device, showving the breech-block, locking device therefor, and the lifter with the parts in different position, the locking device being omitted in Fig. 11'. Figs. 12 and 13 represent side elevations of the frame and attached parts. Fig. 14 represents a side elevation of the recoil-spring and its parts. Fig. 15 represents a perspective View of a yoke and cross-head employed. Fig. 16 represents la plan view of the chamber and extension. Figs. 17 and 18 represent sectional views showing the safetylever for the trigger in different positions. Figs. 19 and 2O represent end views of the chamber. Fig. 21 represents a plan view of the breech-block. Fig. 22 represents a side elevation thereof. Figs. 23 and 24 represent end elevations of said block. Fig. 25 represents an end view of the frame seen in Fig. 12. Fig. 26 represents a perspective View of the loading-gate and projection for holding the shell in the lifter. Fig. 27 represents a partial sectional and partial plan View of a portion of the device in detached position. Fig. 28 is a detail showing a portion of the recoil-spring guide-rod and its loolt and cooperating lug.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a frame which is suitably attached to the buttstock (not shown) of a irearmwfor example, by the tang 2, said frame having the triggerplate 3, which is likewise secured to the buttstock, said frame having on one side thereof the ejector-opening 4 and the loading-opening 5. (Best seen in Fig. 13.)

6 designates a recoil-spring block which may be suitably secured to or may form part of the frame 1, and 7 designates the barrel, which is screwed or otherwise rigidly secured to the said frame and block and is provided with the usual bore, which is enlarged, as at 8, at the end adjacent to said frame.

9 designates a chamber which is freely movable inthe enlarged bore 8 of the barrel 7 and closely fits the same, said chamber being adapted for the reception of the cartridge and holds the same during the operation of firing, at which time the said chamber eX- tight with respect to the barrel 7 during the time of the explosion and its rearward excursion, which latter is caused by the explosion or gas pressure, as will be hereinafter described.

As stated, it is necessary to have the chamber gas-tight with respect to the barrel, and I make my chamber cylindrical, so that it will be gas-tight no matter what its position in the barrel or breech and in its longitudinal movement therein. It will be evident should it not be4 gas-tight that the gases would escape back into the receiver. In addition it is necessary to prevent this on account of the paper cartridge used. and for this reason it is necessary to entirely cover the cartridge when it is extracted; otherwise the gas-pressure which is still in the shell will tear it pen, and the effect of the gas on the load is ost.

l0 designates a lug projecting downwardly from a suitable point on said chamber, which is adapted to abut against the recoil-spring block 6 and the end of the barrel 7 when the chamber is in its foremost position, said lug being adapted to'be engaged by the end of a yoke 11, as will be best understood from Fig. 5, the two bars of said yoke extending forwardly on either side of the said recoil-spring block 6 and being connected at their front ends by a cross-head 12, which is suitably held in place by yoke-nuts 13, which engage with the threaded ends provided on the side bars of the yoke 11, each of said yoke-arms being provided on their outer' sides with lugs 14, sliding in suitable grooves 15, formed on the inner sides of the frame 1.

16 designates a recoil-spring guide-rod, which is attached at one end in any suitable manner to the recoil-spring block 6, the opposite end of said guide-rod 16 passing through a suitable guide 17 in the cross-head 12 and through the fore-stock 18, which is suitably dovetailed to the frame 1 and block 6 and is held in position with respect thereto and to said recoil-spring guide-rod 16 by a nut, (not shown,) said rod having in a suitable recess at its free end a spring-actuated bolt 19, which is of the ordinary puppet form usually em ployed, which is operated by the linger-piece 20, extending exteriorly of the fore-stock 18, and said bolt 19 being adapted to engage with a lug 21, which is suitably attached to the barrel, whereby the recoil-spring guide-rod 16 and fore-stock 18 are held rigidly in position and the barrel' is prevented from turning. The bolt 19 can be operated to withdraw the same from its engagement with the lug 21 to release the parts, and the same can be taken apart, the finger-piece 2O being given a quarterturn into the transverse portion of the offset slot 2l, as will be readily understood.

22 designates a recoil-spring which is mounted upon the said guide-rod 16, having one end bearing against the recoil-spring block 6 and the opposite end bearing against the frictionbrake 23, which is mounted on the guide-rod 16 and which is provided with the coneface 24, which bears against the cross-head 12 and is provided with an inclined threaded end 25, which is adapted for engagement with thein clined threaded screw-spring 26, whereby it will be understood that the force of the return blow of the chamber is overcome to a great extent and can be regulated by the adjustment of the spring26 upon the friction-brake 25, it being understood that the said brake 23 bites on the guide-rod 16 both in its forward and rearward movement. When the chamber 9 is forced backward or moves rearwardly by the force of the explosion, it will be seen that the yoke 11 is carried with it, since the same engages with the lug 10 of the chamber. The cross-head 12 also moves therewith, and in so doing compresses the recoil-spring 22, so that when the parts, as will be hereinafter explained, are in proper position for the return of the chamber the said spring, acting through the cross-head 12 and the yoke 11, operates to move the chamber 9 forward and return it rapidly to its proper position in the bore 8 of the barrel 7 ready to receive the new cartridge for the next liring. Integral with or suitably connected to the chamber 9 is an extension 27, which is provided with a suitable opening 28, adapted to receive thebreech-block bolt, hereinafter described,and the inner face of said chamber being provided with a groove 29, in which the rigid extractor, hereinafter described, is adapted to slide. The extension 27 is provided with an ejector 30, which contacts with the head of the cartridge in order to eject the same through the ejector-opening 4 in the frame l. The shoulder 31 .on the chamber is adapted to contact with the end of the barrel 7 when the said chamber 9 is in its foremost position, so that it will be seen that the extension of the said chamber never enters the barrel, and the position of the same is best understood from Fig. 1, the parts being in their foremost position in said figure, excepting the firing-pin.

32 designates a breech-block, the same being provided with lugs 33, sliding in grooves 15 in the frame 1, said block being adapted to move laterally backward and forward in said frame and carries the firing-pin 34, said firing-pin moving in a Suitable bore in said block and being provided with a lug 35 and shoulder 36, as best seen in Fig. l.

37 designates a bolt which moves transversely of the breech-block 32 and is provided with a suitable bore 38 of sufiicient size to pass the firing-pin 34 and lug 35 when said pin is in its forward position, whereby it will be seen that when said pin 34 is forward the lug 35 locks the bolt in its uppermost position and prevents the descent of the same until said tirngpin, and with it the lug, is removed from the bore 38of the bolt E37-that is, until returned to the position seen in Fig. l-it beingunderstood that said bolt 37 when in its uppermost position is adapted to enter the opening 28 in the chamber extension 27, so that the extension and the chamber 9 are positively locked to the breech-block 3 2 both during the time of tiring and during the rearward excursion of both, said bolt being provided with the inclined face 39, to be hereinafter described. Y

l40 designates a transverse pin mounted in the block, which acts as astop for the firingpin, which contacts with the same in its foremost and rearmost positions. j

,41 designates a bolt-slide having an inclined forward face 42, adapted to contact with the inclined Vface 43 of the bolt 37 when the parts are in their forward position, said slide 41 contacting with the stop 40,V which limits the movement thereof, and is pi votally connected with the slide-links 44, which extend rearwardly therefrom andhave a socket connection 45 with the breech-blockspring-guide 46, the same passing rearwardly and into the breech-block spring-tube47,` which latter is suitably mounted inthe butt-stock of the gun.

.48 designates a breech-block spring whichsurrounds the spring-guide 46, one end of which abuts against the head thereon and the opposite end against a suitable point in the the bolt-slide 41, which is thus tending to exert pressure upon the inclined Aface 43 thereof` and hold the same in its raised position, so that the same locks the breech-block to the chamber extension, the inclined faces on the slide; and i bolt formingfcam-faces for raising the bolt. It will be understood from the above inorder that the firing-pin can be moved by thehammer the bolt 37 must be in its raised position-that is, the breech-block must be locked to the chamber, so that the lug 35 can pass into the bore 38 of the said boltand in the construction shown in Fig. 1.Ihave shown the parts in proper position ready for firing, the tiring-pin being in the position just previous to being struck: by the hammer andthe slide 41 holding the boltl 37 in its vraised position. As soon as theii'ring-pin is struck the lug 35 enters the bore 38 of the bolt just before the cartridge is exploded, and thus positively locks the breech-block 32 andthe chamber extension 27 and is held there so long as therhammer rests upon the firing-pin, so that when the parts are on their rearward excursions the chamber and the breech-block are positively locked together. When the firingpin 34 is thrown back to thevposition seen in Fig. 2, the parts will be in their rearmost position, the breech-block having struck the shoulder 49 on the interior of the frame, the force of-which blow will cause the backward movement of the firing-pin, also of the slide 41, the links44 of the spring-guide 46 and force the parts against the 'tension of the spring 48, so thatA the support of the slide 41 is removed from the bolt 37 and the latter is caused to move downwardly by the parts to be hereinafter described, so that the upper portion of said bolt will be in the path of the lug 35, as best understood from the left of Fig. 2, whereby the firing-pin cannot be moved forward under any circumstances until the parts resume their normal position ready for the next act of [irlng.

50 designates a lever mounted upon the shaft 51, which is journaled in and extends transversely of the breech-block, said lever being provided with a nose or projection 52, which enters a recess in the bolt 37 and engages with the lower wall thereof in order to operate said bolt, said lever 50 being also provided with a finger 53, which is adapted to engage with the, shoulder 36 on the firing-pin 34. A handle 54 islmountcd upon the shaft 51k exteriorly of the frame, it being understood that said shaft 51 extends beyond the breech-block in order that the handle'5`4 is exterior of the frame, said shaft moving in the ejector-opening 4 and in an extension 55 thereof. It will be understood that the nose and iinger on the lever 50 are so arranged with respect to the bolt and y the ring-pin that the lever when operated first acts upon the iiring-pin 34 through its engagement with the shoulder 36 to move the said pin rearwardly to remove the lug 35 from the bore .38 in the said bolt 37, which will thus be in the position seen in Fig. 1, after which the nose 52acts upon the lower wall of the bolt 37 to depress the samein order that the bolt 37 will be removed from the opening 28 in the chamber extension' 27. It will be understood that when the breech-block strikes the shoulder 49 at the rear of the frame 1 that the handle 54, by reason of the force of the blow, is thrown backwardly,` which assists in throwing c ward, as already described with respect to the same, by reason of the action of the recoilspring 22. In'addition to the action just described of the lever 50 at the time of shooting or iiring thegun it will be seen that the -ing-pin, the link 44 can be forced backwardly by hand, overcoming the tension of the `spring 48.

In ord'er that the exploded cartridge can be. ejected and another cartridge placedV in position ready for firing, it is necessary that the breech-block be held in its rearmost position until theseV operations have taken place. I I

have therefore provided a lock for the breechblock when in the rearrnost position, which conslsts of a lever 55, having a nose 56 on onel end thereof, which is adapted at the proper time to enter a suitable recess 57 in the breechblock. The lever is pivoted at a sui-table point between its ends, as at 58, and is in engagement with an auxiliary lever 59, which latter is pivoted at a suitable point, in the present instance adjacent the recoil-spring block 6, in which is suitably mounted a spring 60, which is adapted to contact with a suitable part of the auxiliary locking-lever 59 tov normally hold the same in one position. The said auxiliary locking-lever is so situated with respect to the lug on the movablechamber` 9 that when the latter is in its forward positionv it contacts with said auxiliary locking-lever 59, as shown in Fig. 1, and` causesthe end of the same which 1s in engagement wlth the locking-lever to be raised, which lowers the nose end of the locking-lever 55, thus moving the nose 56 from engagement with the recess `57 in the breech-block, it being understood-thatthe said spring 60 is always tending to hold the nose 56 of the lever 55 in raised position inworder to throw the saine`- ment of the chamber 9, which, as before de-` scribed, is rapidly made by reason of the recoil-spring 22 reaching its forward position, at which time the lug 10 again engages with the auxiliary locking-lever 59and causes they removal of the nose 56 of the. locking-lever 55 from the recess 57 in the breech-block, which can then immediately move forward and is forced to its forward position by reason of the action of the spring 48.

It will be seen from the above that in or during the rearward excursions of the parts the chamber 9 is locked to the breech-block 32, and they carry with them the exploded shell, the same beingstill situated in the chamber. As soon as the breech-block is locked by the locking-lever 55 and the chamber 9 moved almost to its forward position by the( action of the recoil-spring 22 the shell is exposed and is ejected through the ejector-opening t by the ejector 30, which is carried by the extension 27, and in its forward movement contacts with one side of the head of the shell. As soon as the shell hasA been ejected I provide means for placing another cartridge in position to be Vcarried into the chamber 9 ready for the next act of firing, and I accomplish this by the following means:

Pivotally mounted upon the lugs'61 on the trigger-plate is a lifter62, which is normally in the position seen `in Fig. 10, the same being provided with `a vprojection 63, said lifter 62being slotted in order-to accommodate the auxiliary lifter 64, which is pivoted at any suitable point and has a spring 65 bearing against the sameI in yorder to holdand return said auxiliary lifter to the position seen in Fig. 10.

66 designates a pawl which is adapted to operate said lifters, the said lifterpawl 66 having a cam-face 67 thereon'whichl is adapted to engage the projection 63 on the lifter 62,v said pawl` being adapted to be struck by a l lug 68 Vsituated on the breech-block and having a suitable spring69, whichtends to throwthe cam 67 of the-pawl downwardly into the position seen irr Fig. 11. When the block is inI its forward position, the vlifter and itscoacting vparts arefas Vbeforestated, in the position seen in Fig. l0 andV are held there by a spring 7 O, which vovercomes the tension of the spring 69;,so that the pawliisheldiin the position seen in Fig. l0, andthe cartridge isplaced upon thesaid lifterthrough the'vloading-opening 5 in the frame, thecartridge assuming the position seenin dotted linesin Fig. 10. As the breech-block 32 moves to its rearmost position the lug 68 thereon will contact with the pawl 66 and will? operate thesame insuch-a manner as not to effect the `lifters throwingback the same; butiwhen lthe locking-lever 55 releases the breech-block. and the latter moves toward its forward positionbyreason ofthe action of the spring 48 thel said lug 68' contacts with the pawl- 66and.causesvthe cam-face to ride on the projection 631 of the 'lifter'62g` depressing the former-and raising the end of the said lifter, as well as the auxiliary lifter 64, since the latter is in contact with the wall or end of the recess inthe said lifter 62. This will cause the cartridge to be-quicklylifted or raised in the proper position in front of the breech-block and-.will be held-there as long as the lifter-pawl rides onithe breech-blockl lug 68, so that the said breech-block engages or contactswith the endiof the cartridge, car-` rying the same forward and causingit to enter the chamber 9 ln position ready for tiring.`

The lifters 62 and` 64 returnl to their normal position ready for the reception of another cartridge as soon as the lug- 68 has passed the pawl66, since the spring 65will1cause the4 depression of the auxiliary lever 64, while the other spring 70 will act uponI the.` lifter 62 to depress the same,. said spring- 70 being suitably secured to a stationary part, such las the trigger-plate, and is in suitable engagement A with the lifter 62'.

71 designates a spring-extractor carriedby the breech-block, and 72"a rigid extractor carried thereby, it being understood that the- 'realizo action of these extractorsis to engage with the rim of the cartridge or shell -and to extract the same fromthe chamber 9 and to hold the cartridge or shell in suspense during the forward movement of the chamber 9 until the ejector throws out the cartridge or shell through the opening 4.

73 designates a gate for the loading-opening 5, which is pivotally mounted in the walls of the frame 1 and is provided with a nose 74, which may be depressed in order to open the said loading-gate 73, as desired.

75 designates a projection carried by said gate 73, which extends over or partly over a cartridge when the same has been placed upon the lifters 62 and 64 through the loading-opening 5, said gate beingnormally held in closed position by the spring 76, (best seen in Figs. 13 and 27,) it being understood that the projection 75 holds the cartridge in place on the lifters and prevents interference with the rearward movement of the breech-block and chamber and that when the breech block moves forward and the lifters are raised the projection, and with it the gate, are thrown out against the tension of the spring 76, so that the cartridge can pass the projection, the said spring 76 quickly returning the gate to its normal position. As soon as the chamber moves forwardly, having been released from ,the breech-block, it will be understood that the bolt 37 will be raised by reason of the Aslide 41 bearing against the same. In the forward movement of the breech-block the bolt will again be depressed by the inclined face 89 on the bolt contacting with the inclined face 77 on the extension provided for that purpose, so that therbolt will remain in this lowered position until the opening V28 in the extension is reached, when the said bolt.37 will be immediately snapped thereinto' and the parts locked as beforedescribed.

78 designates the hammer, which is pivotally mounted upon the lug 61 and is provided with the usual notch 79, said hammer having a. suitable spring 8O bearing thereagainst in order to normally throw the said hammer in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1.

81 designates a trigger, which is provided with the usual Sear-nose 82, adapted-to engage with the scar-notch 79 at the proper time, said trigger having a spring 83 bearing theregainst, which is adapted to normally hold the trigger and Sear-nose in position for engagement with the Sear-notch 79 on the hammer. The trigger is provided with a suitable notch 84 in which the shaft 85 ofthe safety device is adapted to enter in order to lock the trigger, said shaft 85 having a handle or lever4 86 extending on the exterior of the frame 1, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, 17, and 18, said shaft having a spring 87 situated thereon in order to cause the pin 88 on the inner face of the handle 86 to enter one or the other of the recesses 89 and 90 in the frame 1 in order-that the "said shaft and handle may be held or locked in two dierent positions, one position of the handle or lever causing the shaft to engage with the trigger to lock the same and the other position of the lever 86 removing the shaft from engagement with the notch 84 in the trigger in order to permit operation of the latter.

The shaft 85 in the position seen in Fig. 1 has locked the trigger, so that the same cannot be operated to release the hammer; but by turning the safety-lever 86 the shaft releases the trigger and upon pulling the same the Sear-notch and scar-nose are disengaged land the spring 80 raises the hammer and causes the same to strike the firing-pin, which causes the explosion of the cartridge, said hammer being returned to its normal position and the scar-notch and scar-nose caused to be rengaged by the rearward movement of the breech-block, which carries with it said hammer.

91 designates a stop carried by the breechblock which is seated in a suitable groove or recess in the side of the bolt 37 and serves to prevent improper movement thereof either in an upwardly or downwardly direction.

While the operation has been described with respect to the various parts in the specification, the complete operation of the device is as follows: In order to load the gun preparatory to shooting, the load-gate 73 is opened by pressing upon the lug 74, when a cartridge may be inserted through the loadopening 5 upon the lifters 62 and 64, the cartridge assuming the position seen in'dotted lines in Fig. 10. The breech-block is then operated manually by engaging the breechblock handle 54 and drawing back the same, which first moves back the firing-pin 34, releasing the bolt 37, which is then depressed by the nose 52 on the lever 50 carried by the shaft of the handle 54, after which by continued pulling on the breech-block handle 54 the breech-block is moved to its rearmost position,in its movementeoeking the hammer and causing the sear and Sear-notch to engage as before described, the chamber meanwhile remaining stationary in the barrel. Upon releasing the handle of the breech-block the latter is forced forwardly by the breech-block spring'48, which, it is understood, has been compressed by the rearward movement of the breech-block, and the lug 68 on the breechblock is caused to engage with the pawl 66, the cam-face of which engages with the projection 63 on the lifter 62, raising, the latter and with it the auxiliary lifter 64, which thus causes the `cartridge to be raised into the proper position in front of the breech-blockthat is, into substantially the position Seen in Fig. 11', so that the forward movement of the breech-block carries the cartridge with it,y lwhich is thus caused to enter the chamber9 in the position seen in Fig. 1, ready -for ring.

rl`he lug 68 meanwhile having passed the pawl, i

the same is raised to its position seen in Fig. 1() and the spring 70 deprcsses the lifter 62 and permits the spring 65 to act upon the auX- iliary lifter 64, which assumes the position seen in Fig. 10, at which time the loadinggate 73 is again opened and a second cartridge inserted upon the lifters. The gun is now ready for tiring. The parts are now in the position seen in Fig. 1, excepting, as will of course be understood, that the barrel in reality will be rigidly secured to the frame. By pulling the trigger 81 the hammer 78 is released and strikes the firing-pin, drivingthe same forward, locking the bolt 37 in position by reason of the lug 35 entering the bore thereof, and the pin causes explosion of the cartridge. The explosion, as before described, immediately drives rearwardly the breech-block, and as the same is still locked to the chamber the said chamber 9 moves rearwardly with the breech-block, the latter, as before described, cocking the hammer in its rearward movement. The breech-block strikes the abutment, and the momentum acquired operates all the movable parts-that is to say, throws back the breech-'block handle 54, which operates the firing-pin rearwardly and depresses the bolt 37 after the slide 41 against the tension of the spring 48 has also been thrown back by reason of the force of the blow. As soon as the chamber 9 is released by the depression of the bolt 37, which is thus removed from the opening 28 in the extension, the recoil-spring 22 operates to return the same rapidly to its former position, it being seen that when the chamber 9 moves rearwardly the lug 10 has released the auxiliary locking-lever 59, which causes the locking-lever 55 to throw the dog 56 thereon into engagement with the recess 57 in the breechblock, which, as understood, is locked in its rearmost position at the time the chamber moves forward. When the chamber 9 moves forwardly, itleaves the shell, which is held by the extractors71 and 72 in the breech-block and will remain in this position until the ejector 30, which is carried by the extension 27, strikes one side of the head of the shell, which throws the same through the ejector-opening 4. The chamber meanwhile continues to its foremost position, at which time the lug 10 again contacts with the auxiliary locking-lever 59, depressing the locking-lever 55 and removing the nose 56 from the recess in the breech-block, which is thus immediately released and by reason of the action' of the spring 48 is moved forward, it being understood that the slide 41 is also moved forward until it contacts with the stop 4:0 and raises the bolt 37. The lug 68 has meanwhile come in contact with the pawl 66 and has again operated the lifters to raise the cartridge carried thereby, which has been inserted previous to the firing, into the proper position in front of the breech-block, which forces the second cartridge into the chamber ready for firing, the lug, as before described, passing the pawl, when the lifters are again returned to their proper position for the reception of a cartridge, it being understood that the bolt 37 is depressed by the inclined faces 39 and 77 in order that the breech-block can pass under the extension, and the slide 41 ca uses the bolt 37 to be snapped into the opening 28 in the extension, and the parts arel ready for the next operation of firing.

From the description of the above it will be seen that I have provided a rigid barrel and movable chamber in which the cartridge is exploded, the advantages derived from the rigid barrel being readily appreciated by those skilled in the art-that is, the gun will shoot where held-and that I have provided means for locking the chamber with respect to the tiring means in such a manner that the gun cannot be fired until all the parts are in the propel' position therefor.

By the term firearm it is to be understood that I embrace all devices such as a rifie, gun, pistol, field-gun, or, in fact, any firing device where a movable chamber would operate to advantage.

It will be evident that various changes may be made by those skilled in the art which may come within the scope of my invention, and I do not, therefore, desire to be limited in every instance to the exact construction herein shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a longitudinally-movable breech-block, a longitudinally-movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge and means whereby the cartridgeshell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of the breechblock.

2. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a longitudinally-movable breech-block, a longitudinally-movable chamber in the breech thereof in which the cartridge is inserted and means whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of the breech-block.

3. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a longitudinally-movable breech-block, a movable chamber, means whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of the breech-block, liring means, means for locking the chamber with respect to said firing means and means for ejecting the shell after the firing.

4. In a firearm, astationary barrel, a longitudinally movable breech block, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, means whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in said ,chamber during theenti're rearward movement Aof the breech-block, and means for locking during the entire rearward movement ofl the breech-block, firing means, means for locking .said chamber with respect to said firing means, means for extracting the shell and means for inserting asecond cartridge into the chamber ready for firing.

6. In aiirearm, astationary barrel, a breechblock, a movable chamber adapted to enter said barrel, means whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of' the breech-block, a firing-pin, andmeans for locking said firing- .pin until the parts are in proper position for firing.

7. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a longitudinally-movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge to be fired, a longitudinally-movable breech-block, a firing-pin carried thereby, means for locking said firing-pin whereby the same' is prevented from operating until said breech-block andA said chamber arev in proper position for firing and means whereby the cartridge-shell 'is retained in said vchamber during the entire rearward rmovement of said `breech-block.

8. In afirearm, a stationary barrel, a longi-I tudinally-movable chamber, a longitudinallymovableA breech-block, means whereby the cartridgeshell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearv vard movement'ofl the breech-block, a firing-pin carried by Vsaid breech-block,-n1eans forlocking said breechblock withV respect to saidmovable chamber, said means operating-to lock said firing-pin until said breech-block and saidchamber are locked. 1 l f 1 9. In a firearm, a stationary barreLa longitudinally-movable chamber, a longitudinally movable breech-block, a firing-pin carried'by said breech-block and a bolt laterally movable with respect to said breech-blockand adapted to4 lock said block with respect to said chamberand to directly prevent movement of said pin until the parts arein locked 'position,'when said pin is adapted to lock said bolt.` y f 10. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber adapted to vreceive a cartridge, a firing-pin, movable means forcarrying said firing-pin, means whereby the cartridge-.shell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement ofv said movable means and means for locking the chamber with respect to said firing means. Y 1 1l. .In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamberj adapted to receive acartridge, a firing-pin, movable means carrying said firing-pimsaid chamber andmovable meansjbeing adapted[to i be moved fr ea-rwardlyv by the explosion and means for locking the chamber with respect to said movable means during the firing and the rearward movement ofthe parts, the cartridge-shell being retained in the chamber during the entire rearward movement of said movable means.

12. In a iirearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, movable means carrying said firing-pin, said chamber and movable means being adapted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion, the cartridge-shell being retained in said chamber during 4the entire rearward movement of said movable means, means for locking the chamber with respect to said movable means during the firing and the rearward movement of the parts, and means for unlocking the said movable means with respect to said chamber.

13. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, movable means carrying said firing-pin, said chamber and movable means being adapted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion, the cartridge-shell.being retained -in vsaid chamber during the entire rearward movement of sai'd movable means, means for locking'the chamber with respect to said movable means during the firing and the rearward ymovement of the parts, jmeans for unlocking the said movable means with respect to said chamberjand means for returning said cham- -ber to its foremost position. 14. In a firearm, astationary barrel, acylindrical movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, movable. means carrya .ing-said 'firing-pin, saidchamber and movable means being'adapted'to be moved rearwardly after the explosion, means for locking the chamber with respect tov said movable means during theA firing and the rearward movement o f the parts, means for unlocking the said movable means with respect to said chamber, means for 'locking said movable means inits rearmost position and lmeans for -returning said' chamber to its foremost positionwhen said -movable meansA is locked'. 1

, 15'. In a firearm, a'barrel, a cylindrical movable chamber adapted to receivel a cartridge, a firing-pin,'movable means carrying said firing-pin', said chamber and movable means being adapted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion, means for locking the chamber with respect to said movable means during the firing'and the rearward movement of' the parts, means for unlocking the saidmovable means with respect to said chamber, means for locking said movable means in its rearmost position, means for returning said chamber to its foremost position when said movable means Y is locked, and means operated lby said chamber to operate said last-mentioned locking means to release said movable means when said chamber. 1s moving toits foremost position.

16. In a lirearm, a barrel, a cylindrical movable chamber adapted to receivea cartridge, a liring-pin, movable means carrying said liring-pin, said chamber and movable means being ad-apted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion, means for locking the chamber with respect to said movable means during the liring and the rearward movement of the parts, means for unlocking thesaid movable means with respect to said chamber, means for locking said movable means in its rearmost position, means for returning said chamber to its foremost position when said movable means is locked, means operated by said chamber to operate said last-mentioned locking means to release said movable means when said chamber has reached its foremost position and means operated by said movable means foi-'placing a cartridge in the path of said movable means whereby said cartridge is inserted in said movable chamber.

17. In a firearm, a barrel; a cylindrical movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a tiring-pin, movable means carrying said firing-pin, means for locking said movable means with respect to said chamber during thering and when said chamber and said movable means move rearwardly, means for returning said chamber to its normal position, means on said movable means for holding the shell, means carried by said chamber for ejecting said shell, means for releasing the said chamber from said movable means, and means for inserting a cartridge in the path of said movable means whereby said cartridge is inserted in said movable chamber.

18. In afirearm, a stationary barreha cylindrical movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge to be lired, a iiring-pin, movable means carrying said firing-pin, means forlocking together said chamber and said movable means during the firing and during the rearward movement of said chamber and said movable means, means for locking said movable means in its rearmost position, means carried by said movable means for holding the shell, means for ejecting said shell, means operated when said chamber is in its foremost position to release said movable means, means for returning said movable means toits foremost position and means for inserting another cartridge in the path of the said movable means whereby said cartridgeis inserted in said movable chamber.

19. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a longitudinally-movable breech-block, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, said chamber being adapted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion of the cartridge,means whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of the breech-block, means for moving said chamber forwardly and means acting as a brake for said chamber in its forward and rearward movement.

20. Ina firearm, a 'stationarybarreh allongitudinally-movable breech-block, a movable tained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of the breech-block, and a bolt for locking said tiring-pin, whereby the same is prevented from operating until the said breech-block and said chamber are in the proper position for firing.

22. In a firearm, a stationarybarrel, a longitudinally-movable chamber adapted to rcceive a cartridge, a breech-block, a firing-pin carried thereby, a projection on said'liringpin and a locking-bolt for-said breech-block adapted to be situated in the path of said projection until the said breech-block and said chamber are in proper position for firing when said projection is adapted to lock said bolt.

Q3. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a longitudinally movable chamber, a movable breechblock, a firing-pin carried by said breech block and a bolt forlocking said breech-block with respect to said movable chamber and adapted to engage with a suitable portion of said pinto hold the same until the said breech-block and chamber are locked when -said pin is adapted to lock said bolt, whereby improper movement of the firing-pin is prevented.

24. In a firearm, a stationary-barrel, a longitudinally-movable chamber, a breech-block, a firing-pin carried by said breech-block, a bolt carried by said breech-block and adapted to lock the latter with respect to said charnberiand means for normally holding said bolt in its raised position said pin being adapted to lock said bolt at the proper time.

25. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a longitudinally movable cylindrical chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, a breech-block carrying said liring-pin, said chamber and breech-blockbeing adapted to move rearwardly by theexplosion and a bolt adapted to lock said chamber with respect to said breech-block during the firingand the rearward movement of the said parts.

26. In a lirearm, a stationary barrel, amovable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, a breech-block carrying said tiring-pin, said chamber and breech-block being adapted to be moved rearwardly bythe explosion, a bolt `carried by said breech-block and provided with a bore in whichsaid firingpin is adapted to move and means carried by said firing-pin adapted to engage said bolt when the latter is lowered and is adapted `to plosion, a bolt carried byv said breech-block `b and provided with a bore in which said firingpin is adapted to move and means carried by said firing-pin adapted to engage said bolt when the latter is lowered @and is adapted to enter said bore when the cartridge is fired, whereby said bolt is positively held in position to lock the said chamber and breechblock during the firing and rearward movement thereof and a stop for preventing improper movement in either direction of said firing-pin.

28. In a firearm, a barrel, a longitudinallymovable cylindrical chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, a breech-block carryingv said firing-pin, said chamber and breech-block being adapted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion, a bolt for locking the chamber with respect to said breech-block during the tiring and the rearward movement of the parts, a lever actuated when the parts reach their rearmost position for operating said bolt to release said chamber from said breech-block and a spring for returning said chamber to its foremost position.

29. In a firearm, a barrel, a longitudinallymovable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, a breech-block carrying said firing-pin, a bolt for locking the chamber with respect to said breech-block during the firing and the rearward movement of the parts, a. lug on said firing-pin adapted to engage with said bolt at the time of firing whereby the same is locked in position, a spring-actuated slide bearing against said bolt for'holding the same normally in raised position, a lever adapted to actuate said firing-pin to remove the lug from engagement with said bolt and adapted to depress said bolt and a recoil-spring adapted to actuate said chamber to its foremost position when said bolt isremoved from engagement therewith.

30. In a firearm, a barrel, a longitudinallymovable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, a breech-block carrying said firing-pin, said chamber and breech-block being'adapted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion, a bolt adapted to lock the chamber with respect to said breech-block during the firing and the rearward movement of the part-s, a lever for actuating said bolt to unlock thev breech-block with respect to said chamber, a lever for locking said breech-block in its rearmost position and a spring for returning the said chamber to its foremost position when said breech-'block `is locked.

' 31. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a lon- 'gitudinally-movable breech-block, amovable chamber adapted to receive acartridge, means whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward mover ment of said breech-block, means for removing the shell therefrom and means for inserting a second cartridge in said movable cham- 32. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a longitudinally-movable breech-block, a movable chamber adapted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion, means whereby the cartridgeshell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of said breechblock, means for moving said chamber forwardly, means for removing the shell therefrom and means for inserting a second cartridge in said chamber.

38. In atirear'm, a stationary barrel, amovable cylindrical chamber adapted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion of the cartridge, means movable rearwardly with said chamber and adapted to hold the shell when said chamber is moved to its foremost position and means for placing a second cartridge in the path of said movable -means which is adapted to insert said second-mentioned cartridge into said chamber.

' 34;. In a firearm, a barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firingpin, a breech-block carrying said firing-pin, a bolt for locking the chamber with respect to said breech-block, means carried by said firing-pin for locking said bolt in position, a lever for unlocking said breech-block with respect to said chamber, a lever for locking said breech-block in its rearmost position, a spring for returning said chamber to its foremost position when said breech-block is locked and means carried by said chamber adapted to operate said locking-lever to release said breech-block when said chamber has reached its foremost position.

35. In a firearm, a barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firingpin, a breech-block carrying said firing-pin,

ya bolt for locking the chamber with respectl to the said breech-block, means carried by said firing-pin for locking said bolt in position, a

lever for unlocking said breech-block with re- 36. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable cylindrical chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a breech-block carrying a firingpin, means Jfor locking said breech-block with respect to said chamber, means for releasing the locking means when the parts are in their rearmost position, means for returning the chamber to its foremost position and a lifter actuated by said breech-block and adapted to throw a cartridge in the path thereof for insertion into said chamber.

37. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable cylindrical chamber adapted to be moved rearwardly by the explosion, means for moving said chamber forwardl v,'a breech-block carrying a firing-pin, a lifter adapted to be suitably actuated to insert a cartridge in the path of' said breech-block as said chamber is moved forwardly.

38. In a firearm, astationarybarrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, a breech-block carrying said liring-pin, means for automaticallylocking said breech-block with respect to said chamber, said chamber and breech-block being adapted to move rearwardly by the force ot' the explosion, and said cartridge-shell being retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement ot said breech-block, means for automatically locking said breech-block in its rearmost position and means for moving said chamber to its foremost position when said breech-blockis locked.

39. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a breech-block, means for locking said breechblock with respect to said chamber, said block and chamber being' adapted to move rearwardly by the explosion, and said cartridgeshell being retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of said breechblock, means for releasing said chamber with respect to Said breech-bhmk, a spring for returning said chamber to its normal position, a spring for returning said breech-block to its normal position, said spring actuating said locking means whereby said breech-block and said chamber are locked together.

40. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a firing-pin, a breech-block carrying said iring-pin, a bolt carried by said breech-block and adapted to lock the same with respect to said chamber during the firing and the rearward movement of the parts, said cartridgeshell being retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of said breechblock, a spring-actuated lever adapted to lock said breech-block in its rearmost position, means for releasing said chamber with respect to said breechblock, said chamber being adapted to actuate said lever for releasing said breech block, a spring for returning said breech-block to its former position and litters suitably actuated for placing a cartridge in the path of said breech-block in order that Said cartridge will be inserted in said chamber.

41. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a breech-block, said chamber and breech-block being adapted to move rearwardly together, said cartridge shell being retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of' said breech-block, means for moving said chamber forwardly independent of said breech-block, a lifter adapted to be actuated to place the cartridge in the path of' said breechblock after said chamber has been moved forwardly and an auxiliary lifter actuated in conjunction with said lifter.

42. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a breech-block, said chamber and breech-block being adapted to move rearwardly together, said cartridge shell being retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of said breech-block, means for moving said chamber forwardly independent of' said breech-block, a lifter adapted to be actuated to place the cartridge in the path of' said breechblock after said chamber has been moved forwardly, an auxiliary lifter actuated in conjunction with said lifter and means for returning the said lifter and auxiliary lifter to their normal position.

43. In a firearm, a barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a breechblock adapted to move rearwardly with said chamber when the cartridge is exploded, said cartridge-shell being retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of said breech-block, a lifter, a pawl adjacent said lifter and adapted to be actuated by said breech-block to raise said lifter and an auxiliary lif'ter raised by the action of said firstmentioned lifter.

44. In a firearm, a barrel, a longitudinallymovable breech block, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, means whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of said breech-block, a recoil-spring connected with said chamber, a cross-head bearing against said spring and movable with said chamber and a friction-brake actuated by said crosshead.

45. In a firearm, a barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a recoilspring connected with said chamber, a crosshead bearing against said spring and movable with said chamber and a friction-brake actuated by said cross-head, and means for varying the power of said brake.

46. In a firearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a breech-block, said breech-block being adapted to be moved rearwardly with said chamber at the time of' the explosion, means for moving said chamber to its foremost position, lifters adapted to place the cartridge in the path of said breech-block in its Jforward movement and a holder adapted to extend over the cartridge to retainthe same on said li-fters in their lowermost position.

47. In a rearm, a stationary barrel, a mov- .able chamberadapted to receive a cartridge,

a breech-block, said breech-block being adapted to be moved rearwardly with said chamber at the time of the explosion, means for moving said chamber to its foremost position, lifters adapted to place the cartridge in the path of said breechblock in its forward movement, a holder adapted to extend over the cartridge to retain the same on said lifters in their lowermost position, and means for permitting the passage of said cartridge with respect to said holder when the lifters are elevated.

48. In an explosion-operated gun, astationary barrel, a longitudinally-movable breechblock, a movable chamber in the breech thereof having an extension extending into the frame or receiver of the gun and means Whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of said breech-block.

4:9. In an explosion-operated gun, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber in the breech thereof having an extension, a longitudinallymovable breech-block, a bolt for locking the breech-block to the chamber extension, means whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in the chamber during the entire rearward movement of the breech-block and an inclined slide operated by a suitable spring. g

50. In an explosion or recoil operated gun, a barrel, a chamber, a chamber extension, a breech-block, extractors in the same for withdrawing' the shell,a bolt for locking the breechblock to the chamber extension, in closed position, a tiring-pin having a lug thereon which prevents the shell being tired until the breechblock is securelylocked in place, and which prevents unlocking until withdrawal caused by stoppage of the breech-block at the end of its rearward excursion.

51. In an explosion-operated gun, a barrel, a movable cylindrical chamber therein having an extension, a frame or receiver,` a recoilspring extending into the fore-stock ot' the gun, a yoke for connecting the chamber and recoil-spring, a friction-brake working on a rod or tube, which acts as a guide for the recoil-spring and a cross-head fastened to the yoke and bearing on the friction-brake and through it on the spring and sliding' on the rod or tube.

52. In an explosion-operated gun, the combination of a barrel, a movable cylindrical chamber, av breech-block, a breech-block bolt, a bolt-stop, a recoil-spring, a yoke, africtionbrake, a cross-head, and means of fastening the cross-head to the yoke.

53. In an explosion-operated gun, the combination ,of a barrel, a movable cylindrical chamber and chamber extension, a breechblock, a firing-pin, a receiver or frame, a trigger-plate, a hammer, a hammerspring, a trigger-spring and a safety device eoacting with the trigger of the gun.

54e. In an explosion-operated gun, a barrel, a movable chamber therein, a breech-block, an oscillating' or revolving' handle entered in the front thereof and extending through an opening in the frame or receiver of the gun, a connecting-piece from the handle of the breech-block to the breech-block bolt and bearing against the firing-pin in order to unlock the bolt when manually operating the gun. I

55. In an explosion-operated gun, a barrel, a longitudinally-movable breech-block, a movable chamber therein having an extension projecting into the frame or receiver of the gun, means whereby the cartridge-shell is retained in said chamber during the entire rearward movement of said breech-block, a lug on the inner edge of said extension for ejecting the cartridge through the opening in the receiver of the gun.

56. In an automatic-operated gun, a barrel, having a movable cylindrical chamber therein, a locking-bar, the rear end of which locks the breech-block in its rearward position while the movable chamber is returning into the barrel and ejecting the empty shell, a lever connected with a locking-bar and operated by a lug on the ch amber for unlocking the breechblock when the cham ber has reached its home position, a spring bearing on said lever to throw the locking-bar into contact with the breech-block.

57. In a recoil-operated firearm, a barrel, a movable cylindrical chamber, a breech-block, a lug projecting from the lower side thereof, a cartridge-lifter, an intermediate piece between the breech-block and lifter, a spring for returning the intermediate piece or paWl to its proper position, an auxiliary lifter fastened in the receiver, which coacts with the lifter, which is raised by the forward movement of the breech-block, delivering the reserve cartridge in front of the breech-block which passes it into the movable chamber in the barrel.

58. In a recoil or explosion operated gun, a frame or receiver having' an opening in one side for the admission of the cartridge, a cover for said opening, a spring for holding said cover closed and a projection on said cover for holding down the reserve cartridge when the gun is in operation.

59. In an explosion-operated gun, a barrel, a movable chamber and chamber extension, a breech-block, a bolt, a firing-pin, an inclined slide coacting with the bolt, a pin extending across the blockto act as a stop for both the l firing-pin and the inclined slide.

v60. In an explosion-operated gun, a barrel,

a movable chamber and chamber extension, a

62. In a rearm, a stationary barrel, a movable chamber adapted to receive a cartridge, a breech-block, a bolt adapted to lock said breech-block with respect to said chamber, a iring-pin carried by said breech-block and a handle exterior of the frame of the gun havingn suitable connections, whereby the movement thereof actuates said pin and said bolt.

HENRY B. FEBIGER.

v- Vl tnesses:

J oHN A. W'IEDERsl-IEIM, 711. GANER VIEDERSEIM.

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