US791414A - Turbine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 791.,414. PATENTED MAYso, 1905.

F. W. GORDON.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION PILEDVJUNB 19, 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHBET l.

ffy z N0. 791,414. PATENTEDMAY ao, 1905.

P. W. GORDON. -TUR'BINEL 'APPLICATION FILED JUNE 19, 1903 SSSSSSSSSSSSS 2.

PATENTED MAY `30, 1905.

f'. W. GORDON.

TURBNE. APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 19, 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATBNTBD' MAY so, 1905.

F. W. GORDUN.

TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 19. 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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No. 791,411.k PATENTED MAY 30, 1905. T. W. GORDON.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 19, 1903.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

UNITED STATESy Patented May 1905K FREDERICK lW. GORDON, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ALEXANDER GORDON,

NEW JERSEY.

OF ASBURY PARK,

TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 791,414, dated May 30, 190/5.

Application filed June 19, 1903.` Serial No. 162,268. i I

To all wkom/ it Trl/wy concern.-

Beit known that I, FREDERICK W. GORDON,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State 'of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in turbines, and hasl for its object the provision of a machine of that class which will be simple tion opposite to that of the first-named set..

A further object of the invention is the pro- Vision of connected sets of blade-carriers alternately arranged with relation to each other,

one set moving in one direction. and the other set in an opposite direction.

Further objects o-f the invention will be hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is Y a longitudinal vertical section of a turbine embodying my improvements, parts being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one of the blade-carriers, taken on line a a of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow, the casing being omitted and the bearing and shafting being represented in section. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view representing the blade-carriers and the guiding-ribs, the ribs and blades being in section. Fig. 4v is a longitudinal vertical section of three of the blade# carriers of myimproved turbine, showing the manner in which they are assembled. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section of two of the blade-carriers detached, showing them keyed to the shaft which is tted in the tubular shaft of Fig. 4; and Fig. 6 is a diagram showingv the mode of operation of the improved turbine. l

kReferring to the drawings, the numeral 5 designates a casing in whichr my improved machinel is mounted, said casing rising from a base 6.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. l the invention is shown adapted for use as a rotary pump or as a blower to which Huid is supplied through a port 7, leading to a suitable source of supply.

In a bearing 8 of the casing is journaled a tubular shaft 9, to which a pulley or equivalent element 10 may be secured. Either integral with or secured to the shaft 9 is a carrier 12,.hav.ing a chamber 12', in which are blades 13 ofv parabolic form, each blade being brought to a sharp entrance end 13" and terminating at its other extremity in a line substantially parallel to the axis of the carrier. Any requisite number of theseblades may be employed; but I have found about twenty to be useful invaccomplishing the result required. Designated by l4'is a drum which projects from the carrier 12, and this drum may either be integral with or. detachably secured by bolts or otherwise, as at 14', Fig. 4, to said carrier. Adjacent to the carrier `12 is a second carrier 15, having a chamber 15' provided with a 'series of parabolic blades 16, preferably about forty in number, and having delivery ends substantially parallel to the axis of the carrier, but spaced at a less distance apart than are the blades 13 of carrier 12.

This carrier 15 is keyed or otherwise secured at 152 to a shaft 17, mounted in the tubular shaft 9,' said shaft being equipped with a pulley 18 or other element to which power may be applied, and said carrier is also provided with a projecting hub 153 for a purpose hereinafter stated. Keyed to drum 14 at 19 is a third annular carrier 20, having a chamber 20 Aadjacent to its periphery, in which are located .twentyl of downwardly curved parabolic blades 22-,5the1 .delivery ends of wh-ich are sub-y -stantiallyiparallel tothe axis of--the carrier', .This carrier has ahub 213, which when the parts are assembled abuts against the vhub 153ofcarrier 15, therebypacingsaid carriers and 21 apartasucient distance to receive between ,them the carrier 20, as illustratedin Fig. 1. yDesignated by 23 is a fifth carrier, which is ,1o keyed to the drum 14 at 23 and is provided d `,with a chamber 232 adjacent to its periphery; In said chamber are located upwardly-curved blades 24 of parabolic form, preferably about one hund-red and siXty'in number, although 15 the invention is not limited inithisA respect;-

The delivery ends of these blades are also substantiallyparallel `to the axis of, the carrier. Fromthe abovedescription it willbe seen thatthe connected carriers 12, l2O, and23 ro- 2o tate in the direction of the arrows 30 andthatI the setofcarriers A15 .and 21 rotates inthedirectionofthearrows 31and thatthe parabole blades ofthe. earriers12, 20, and 23 are eurvedupwardly, ,while thei parabolic blades of the carriers 15 and 21 are curved down.-

wardlry, `the resultbeingthat ,two sets of oppositelyrotatingl blade-carriers are provided,

thel purpose of which.. willbeset forth in the.-

driven by saidshaft in lthe direction of the arrow in Fig. 1, and. to pulleyorother ele 4o mentg18 `to rotate. it and thecarriers 15 and21 in the oppositedireetiomr .that of .thearrowi 31..- in said.; figure. When. the machine is started.the1 casing 5 is supplied with liquid throughport 7, and, as willbeobserved,owing to theparabolicshapeof theblades 13.0f carrier 12, they will .readily engage fluid, within saidy casing, carry it upward andI thendown-V ward and. .force it in an axial direction toward the. outlet35,.while theparabolic bladeslof 5o carrier-15,.whiehirotates inan opposite direc-` tion, to thatof carrier 12 `Willtalie` the. fluid delivered by theblades ofsaid carrier 12,carry it downward. and.; upward. andV force it axially. forward atisubstantially double @the velocityv at vwhich. it is propelled by the. blades13. Themtheblades 2()2 of carrier,20, rotating. vin thesamedirection as carrier,12, will receive thefluid ,from .blades13, will carry it upward andL downward andiforcibly deliver it axially 6o of. ,the.casir1g` at l further .augmented velocity.

Then theblades 22 of carrier ,21, rotating in.

unisongyvith lcarrier 15 (see Fig. .5) and in an oppositedirectionto thatof carriers 12.and 20, will engagetheuid, carry-it downward andiipward and. forcibly expel Ait at greaterl velocity than it had when leaving carrier 20 and, finally, the parabolicv blades 2-1 of carrier 23, rotating conjointly with carriers 12 and 20, as shown in Fig. 1, will seize the liquid, carry it upward and then downward and inipel it axially forward at greater velocity than it issued from; the. blades 22, and from isaid carrier-'23 the liquid4 is forced-between the guide-blades 34 and to4 theconical shell 33, from which it escapes by the nozzle-opening In this way the velocity of the fluid is constantly augmented as it travels to its discharge-opening, and while l have shown live alternately-arranged carriers, three of which rotate in one direction and two in the opposite direction, it is to be distinctly understood that the inventionis not limited in this respect, for any desired numberof said carriers may .beemployedg nor-is it limited to thepar.- tieularshapeoinspecific number of bladesr in thel carriers shown, .forl modificationsl may be made without Ldeparture Y fromy the invention .i

Referring to the diagram Fig. 6, the line A represents,the-angle (approximately twenty degrees) ratwhich.tlie..bladesl 13 ofthe first carrier12 engage thc-Huid,-thef,line A' the speed land axialdirection of the currents flowing fromfsaidfblades, and tlielline-B the speed of:saicl.ow circumferentially, the resultante being designated-by C. Lines AA and -B are equal, and each designates the velocity ofthe first and `all ysucceeding-blades of `thesaid carrier. Byreceiving the-fluid in the first set of blades at an approximate angle of twentydegrees it will fill the space between. every pair of.blades when.,the:carrier.is rotating at highspeed Now` by rotating in `close proximity.

to the; first carrier 12,-asecond :carrier 15 in anv opposite direction, said second earricralso having parabolic blades `16 of `less height than the.- first set, the angle designated byline 1E, and of. about thirty-six degrees,- at which the fiuid is entered bythe blades of the second..

rectionof n'lovement-.of-said .second carrier.l In llliemanner the. parabolieiblades 20" of Athe third carrier `20which-are of less height than thel bladeslG and rotate reversely to carrier 15, will enter thefiuid on line l'l at an angle of about .fifty-twodegrees withoutshock and I forceiit upwardand axially along lines 1 and J, the.speed-and direction of movement of thethird. carrier being designated by the line K.: Comingnow `to .the fourth carrier. 21, also having parabolic blades 22 less in height tlian.- blades202 and rotatingin an opposite direction to the third carrier, the lines L, M,

IOO

.TIO

and 'N show the resultant'effectof the owof f liquid from the blades of said carrier. So, too,

the lines O, P, and Q illustrate the resultant effect of the fluid when delivered by the parabolic blades 24' of the fifth carrier 23, should it be employed. From what has been stated it will be seen that the current flowing from one carrier is picked up without shock or blow by the parabolic blades of the next carrier at its own velocity, and so on, constantly increasing in velocity by thefparabolic blades of the succeeding carriers until it is delivered into the conical' shell by the last set of parabolic blades. By arranging the blades in the manner deleaves the blades of the last carrier and is forced by 'them between the'guide-blades 34 and into the conical nozzle 35. rIn all prior constructions of which Iam aware the vresultant effect isfdiiferentfrom that accom` plishedy by vmy improved turbine. In said prior constructions, whether employed as blowersor as turbine water-wheels, parabolic blades have not been employed andtheiblades have either beenso inclined or so curved that they cannot accomplish the result attained by Furthermore, the `blades of these old constructions have neither differed in height nor in number, and consequently Ahave been unable to accomplish the result herein set forth.- As will be observed from Figs. land 3, the

' variousblade or vane carriers are fitted closely together and yetwith suiiicient clearance to enable them readily to pass each other, and

by surrounding the carriers 15, 20, 21, and

thereto by key 19 or otherwise. Carrier'21isl then vslipped upon. shaft 17 and secured in place. Carrier 23 is then keyed to drum 14 at 23, and, finally, the conical shell 33 is attached to the open end of the casing.

Blades the working surfaces of which are drawn on parabolic curves cause an important improvement in the result, for the 4entrance ends 13 of said blades cleave the liquid, and the. delivery ends, being substantially parallel to the axis of the carrier, drivesaid liquid forward in an axial direction, whereby tions may be made in this respect.

Carrier 15 isk splashing 'is 'either entirely duced to a minimum.

While the blades are shown attached to carriers of wheel shape, any suitable modifica- So, too,

avoided or is re' any means ymay be employed for driving the A carriers, the invention not being limited to the f shafts shown.

Any suitable means may be employed lfor imparting power to the shafts of the machine, and the invention may be employed as a pump,

:a blower, or 'for other uses, if desired.v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is'- l 1. A turbine comprisinga casing; means for supplying liuid thereto; sets of connected carriers, each carrier having a series of parabolic blades, the delivery ends of which 'lie in f planes substantially parallel to the axis ofthe carrier; and mechanisms for driving one set of carriers in one direction-and the other set yof carriers in an'opposite direction.

2.. A turbine comprising a casing; a carrier having blades of parabolic form, the delivery ends of which lie in planes substantially parallel yto the axis of. the carrier, Vmeans for rotatlngfsaid'carrier 1n one direction; a second vcarrier also having bladesof parabolic form the delivery ends of which lie` in planes substantially parallel to its axis; and means for rotating said second carrier in a direction opposite to that of the first carrier. the improved'construction above set forth.` l

blades of parabolic form, and the delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to the axis of the carrier; means forindependently vrotating one set'of carriers in one direction;

and .means for independently Vrotating the 4. In a turbine, a carrier comprising a wheel vhaving a chamber adjacent to its periphery,

and a series of blades of parabolic form crossing said chamber, and the V delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to the axis of l `the carrier, combined with a second carrier having a chamber adjacent to itsperiphery,

`rier, ofconnected carriers each also having other set of carriers in a direction opposite to that of the first set.

and a series of blades of parabolic form cross- Y 'ing said chamber, and the delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to the axis of'1 said carrier', a driven shaft to which one car- -rier is connected; and an opposltely-driven shaft to which the other carrier is connected. 5. A turbine comprising a casing; a shaft substantially parallel to its axis; means for. rotating said shaft and carriers in one direc-V having parabolicblades, the delivery ends of ition.; a second connected set ofcarriers, eachv which are substantially parallel to its axis; a shaft to which said second set of carriers is secured; and means for rotating said shaft and second set of carriers in a direction opposite to that of the first-named shaft, the carriers .of the two sets alternating with each other,

substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with acasing, of a pair of shafts, one mounted within the other, journaled in said casing; a series of independent carriers rigid with one of the shafts, and each having blades, the blades of one carrier differing in spacing from those of another carrier; and a series of carriers rigid with the other shaft, alternating with the first series, and. having blades, the spacing of one set of which is different from that of another set.

7. The combination, with a casing, of a rotary series of connected carriers having blades of parabolic form pointing in one direction, and a second oppositely-rotary series of connected carriers having blades also of parabolic form pointing in the opposite direction, the blades of the respective carriers differing in spacing, and means for supplying fluid to said casing.

8. The combination, with two sets of carriers having blades or vanes spaced at different distances apart, of means for rotating' one set of carriers in one direction and the other'set of carriers in the opposite direction.

9. The combination, with sets of cairiers, each carrier being independent and being provided with blades of parabolic form of different spacing from other carriers of the set, and the members of each set being connected, of means for rotating one set of carriers in one direction and the other set of carriers in the opposite direction.

10. The combination, with a casing, of a tnbular shaft journaled therein; a carrier rigid with said tubular shaft, and having parabolic blades, the delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to its axis; a shaft mounted within the tubular shaft; a pair of carriers carried by said shaft; and each carrier having parabolic blades, the delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to its axis; and carriers controlled by the tubular shaft, and alternating with those carried by the shaft mounted within said tubular shaft, said carriers also having blades of parabolic form, and the delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to their axes.

11. rlhe combination, with a casing, of a tubular shaft journaled in a bearing of said casing and having a carrier; a series of parabolic blades rigid with said carrier, and the delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to its axis; ashaft mounted within the tubular shaft; a carrier rigid with said shaft, and having a series of parabolic blades with their delivery ends substantially parallel to its axis, said carrier being located adjacent to the carrier of the tubular shaft; acarrier having a series of parabolic blades; aconnection between said i carrier and the carrier of the tubular shaft; i another carrier also having a series of parabolic blades rigid with the shaft mounted within the tubular shaft; a final carrier having a series of parabolic blades, and located adjacent to the last-named carrier; means for connecting said filial carrier with the carrier of the tubular shaft; and means for rotating the shafts in opposite directions.

12. In a turbine, the combination, with sets of carriers each having blades of parabolic form, the delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to the axis of the carrier, of means for rotating one set of carriers in one direction; and means for rotating the other` set of carriers in an opposite direction, whereby fluidl acted on by the blades will be forced in an axial direction from the casing.

13. In a turbine,the combination, with a carrier having blades of parabolic form the delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to the axis of said carrier, of a second carrier having like blades; means for rotating said carriers in opposite directions; a casing having a port for the admission of llnid; and a conical shell projecting from said casing, and having guide-blades on its inner side.

14. Inaturbine,thc combination, with a carrier having blades the delivery ends of which are substantially parallel to the axis of said carrier; of asecond carrier having like blades; means for rotating said carriers in opposite directions; a casing having a port for the admission of liquid; and a conical shell having a series of curved guide-blades, said shell projecting from the casing.

15. The combination, with a casing, of a carrier having blades of parabolic forni the delivery ends of which are nearly parallel to its axis; a second carrier arranged in close proximit)7 to the first carrier, and also having blades of parabolic form, the delivery ends of which are nearly parallel to its axis said blades being so disposed that they will enter the fluid delivered from the first set of blades Without shock or blow at an angle dill`ercnt from that at which it was entered by said first set of blades; and means for rotating the carriers in opposite directions.

16. The combination, with a carrier having blades of parabolic form, the delivery ends of which are nearly parallel to its axis, said blades entering fluid at a certain angle, of a second carrier having blades of parabolic forni, the delivery ends of which are nearly parallel to its axis, and which enter llnid at an angle different from that of the blades of the other carrier; and means for rotating the carriers in opposite directions.

17. The combination, with a rotary carrier having parabolic blades, of a second oppositely rotatable carrier having pa abolie 791,414 s i i 5 blades differently spaced apart and of dil"er'v .ond carrier in a direction opposite to that oi' ent height from those of the first carrier. the primary carrier. n IO 18. The combination, with a primary car- In testimony Whereoflfaiiix my signature in rier having parabolic blades, of means for ropresence of two Witnesses. t 5 tating said carrier; a second carrier having FREDERICK W. GORDON.'

parabolic blades differing in spacing, in num- Witnesses: -v f Y ber and in height from the blades of the pri- FRANCESI E. BLODGETT, i: mary carrier; and means for rotating said sec- CHAS. F. SOHMELZ.

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